Particle Physics

A proton has a relative charge of +1.602 x 10^-19 Coulomb and a mass of 1.672 x 10-24 gram. An electron has a relative charge of -1.602 x 10^-10 Coulomb and a mass of 9.05 x 10-28 gram. A neutron has no charge and a mass of 1.674 x 10-24 gram.

All magnetisim is due to moving charges. The best way to think of why all magnets have two poles is to think of a coil of wire with a current in it. This will create a magnet very much like a bar magnet. In the coil, one end is the North pole and the other end is the South pole. Now you can see that the coil must have two poles because it must have two ends. Cut the coil in half and it still has two ends. Cut the coil down to one loop and it still has two ends. Even in a bar magnet the magnetism is due to the orbiting electrons in the material. One side of the orbit is one pole and the other side is the other pole and there is no way to have an orbit without two sides. Now if magnetisim had magnetic charges ,like electricity does, then you could have magnetic monopoles but no one has ever found a magnetic charge.

The force that includes both electricity and magnetism is called the electromagnetic force.

Electron bombardment is a process where neutral atoms are converted to positive ions by bombarding them with electrons. Electrons are knocked off the atoms when fast moving electrons collide with them, forming positive ions.

Accelerators work by speeding up the curing process of adhesives or resins used in acrylic nail enhancements. In an acrylic nail system, accelerators are typically found in the form of spray or drops that are applied after sculpting the acrylic nails to help them dry faster and harden more quickly. This allows nail technicians to save time and ensure a durable and long-lasting result.

Aluminum has the lowest electron affinity in Group 13 because it is the most electropositive element in this group due to its position in the periodic table. Electropositive elements tend to have lower electron affinities.

Protons and neutrons are made up of smaller particles called quarks. Protons are composed of two up quarks and one down quark, while neutrons are composed of two down quarks and one up quark. These quarks are held together by the strong nuclear force.

Neutron absorption is the process wherein an atomic nucleus will absorb a neutron. Many different atomic nuclei will do this, and different nuclei will present a larger of smaller target for the neutron, as you might have guessed. This is the neutron absorption cross section for the material, and it varies as the material does and as the kinetic energy of the neutron does, as well. You may have figured out that there are many different resulting products or outcomes that can be seen from neutron absorption. It is neutron absorption that powers up a chain reaction, so let's look at that aspect of this phenomenon.

In a nuclear reactor, some spontaneous fissions will release neutrons, and these neutrons will, if the control rods are pulled out sufficiently, begin a chain reaction. The nuclear fuel, usually either uranium or plutonium, will absorb a neutron (after some slowing down of that neutron), and they'll fission as a result. These fissions will release more neutrons, which will be absorbed and will create more fissions, which will release more neutrons, etc. A neutron released from a fission event will have a high kinetic energy; it will be moving very quickly. It might be absorbed, but will have a higher probability of being absorbed if it is slowed down, or thermalized. The moderator in a reactor, usually water, does this slowing down of the neutrons. The slower neutrons have a much higher probability of being absorbed and continuing the chain. Fission by neutron absorption is the mechanism by which a nuclear chain reaction is maintained in a nuclear reactor.

No one knows. But some think it could be associated with dark energy or dark matter. Others think it might be a virtual force carried by Z and W bosons during sub atomic reactions.

But all of these are conjectures. No one really knows. In fact they don't even know if it really exists.

H is the abbreviation on the table of elements.

The 'chemical symbol' for hydrogen is H.

P or Phosphorous occurs naturally as 31P and has 16 neutrons. There are two synthetic isotopes which are 32P and 33P which have 17 and 18 neutrons, respectively, but both do not occur naturally in nature and have half-lives of around half a month to a month.

The electron configuration for gold (Au) is [Xe] 4f14 5d10 6s1.

The typical amount of particles in the nucleus of an iron atom is 56, in the isotope 56Fe which in nature is about 91.7% of iron atoms.

54Fe (5.8%), 57Fe(2.2%) and 58Fe(.28%) making up the balance.

Hydrogen Fusion is the nuclear reaction in which hydrogen nuclei combine, or fuse, together under very high temperature and pressure to create helium. The hydrogen fusion reaction releases enormous amounts of energy and is responsible for vast amount of heat and light generated by the sun.

Atoms actually can loose neutrons, but they can't lose protons if they are to remain the same element.

Loss of neutrons changes the atom into an isotope of its basic structure. It does not impact the atoms atomic number, just its atomic weight.

Loss of protons would change the atoms atomic number. The atomic number defines what the atom is and its location on the periodic table.

If an atom loses a proton or a group of protons, as happens in atomic fission, it forms two or more smaller atoms and releases the binding energy as energy to the overall system.

12. Xe has +4 oxidation state in this compound. so if you use VSEPR Theory then you can understand the actual structure and total valence shell does it has.

When electron-positron annihilation occurs, we see a pairof gamma rays produced. The radiation is roughly, f = 2 (me) c2/ h = 2 x .9-30 x 916 x 1.533 = 2.4320 = 243 exaHertz. Use the link below to the related question for some discussion on electron-positron annihilation.

yse it is one kind of electron bond. Superoxide (O-)2 radical is formed by the electrron sharing between two O- each contains lack of one electron to complete their octate of final shell........so this is covalent bond.

1/1840 the mass if a hydrogen atom.

The first model of subatomic particles was proposed by J.J. Thomson in the late 19th century. He discovered the electron and suggested that atoms were made up of a positively charged "pudding" with negatively charged electrons scattered throughout.