Persian Empire

No, but what happens in other nations can affect the security of the United States. Good example is North Korea because this is a nation that is developing a means to hit the United States and other countries with a nuclear weapon. No nation is alone in the world with a global economy and with the interconnections that are now part of modern life. Now, because of the internet a man sitting in a cave in the mountains can form a plan to overthrow a country. The days are gone when it took an army to change governments.

The war went on for another 30 years until the Persians gave up trying to impose peace on the Greeks and left them to go back to their usual fighting each other.

Both wanted to establish and maintain a peaceful and prosperous empire. This led them to try to impose peace on the ever-warring Greek within and outside their Empire, leading to the wars both fought against the Greek city-states.

Persian King

His ambitions were much greater - he looked to control all or Western Asia.

He established Persian governors to control and regulate provinces, but left the local rulers to continue their own practices.

Eretria and Athens had sent military contingents to support the uprising by the Greek city-states in Asia Minor. In the process, they had burnt down the Persian provincial capital Sardis and destroyed the statues of the gods. His son Xerxes followed Darius' wishes when he destroyed the statues of the gods in Athens after he captured the city 18 year later.

He was the king of the Persian Empire after Cyrus the Great who established it. He extended the Empire to Libya and Egypt.

The raised the Persians from being subsidiary to the Medes into an empire stretching through the Middle East to Central Asia.

Establishing an empire stretching from Libya to central Asia, and attempting to advance the security and prosperity of those lands.

The Roman Empire except for the eastern part of the Persian Empire.

The Ionians revolted in 499 BCE. Eretria and Athens sent military forces to help them because they were Ionians, and some of the cities had been their colonies, so the felt an obligation to help. Sparta and other southern Greek cities were mainly Dorians and felt no such obligation, however the Athens-Eretria intrusion convinced the Persians that all the Greek cities had to be brought under control, and in 480 BCE the Persians invaded mainland Greece.

The Spartans led the successful resistance to this two year invasion, however the Spartans could see that the Greek city-states in Asia Minor would be under perpetual threat from the Persians and produced a plan to evacuate them and resettle them in mainland Greece, so avoiding ongoing conflict.

The Athenians had a different idea and formed the Delian League to protect these Asian cities, and warfare went on for another 30 years.

The Spartans, always looking for peaceful settlement of problems, walked away from this ongoing war, particularly as they had problems at home with their own rebellious serf population.

As a footnote, the Spartan approach was eventually adopted over two millennia later after World War 1 was over. The Greeks fought a war in western Turkey to hold territory there with a mainly Greek population. They lost and evacuated the Greek people back to the mainland. The Spartans had had it right 2,400 years earlier.

Darius I improved the economy of Persia through a series of administrative reforms and infrastructure projects. He standardized weights and measures, which facilitated trade and commerce across the vast empire. Additionally, he implemented a system of taxation that was fair and efficient, allowing for better revenue collection. Darius also invested in the construction of roads, such as the Royal Road, which enhanced communication and trade routes, further boosting economic activity.

Marathon.

The Parthians.

It was a narrow pass and easy to block with a small force. The Greek plan was to force the Persians to try to outflank the holdup in the pass by sea, and the Greek navies were waiting in the nearby strait to pounce, needing a sea victory to remove the Persian amphibious threat to their cities and allow their main armies defending their cities to come out and join up for a real land battle.

The sea battles went on for three days and the Greek fleet lost and withdrew. The blocking force, its mission now gone, also withdrew, with the Spartans and Thespians remaining behind to cover the withdrawal and being overwhelmed and destroyed.