Persian Empire

They took over the Babylonian Empire, then added to it by taking over Asia Minor, Central Asia, The Indus Valley, Libya, Egypt and northern Greece.

Part ambition, part a rational desire to bring good government and prosperity, and part being that onece you statr the conquest activity, there it is difficult to stop without getting caught in a backlash.

The Persians were a tribe in the land east of what we now call the Persian Gulf. They were subservient to the Medes. Cyrus reversed this and used the combined strength of Media and Persia to overcome the Babylonian Empire. This left border problems to the east and west so he continued subduing these threats and opportunities until his death in the wars.

His son Cambyses took on Egypt and Libya, and successor Darius the Great stabilised the empire, adding small areas just to form defensible borders.

Nile, Tigris, Euphrates were the largest, but there were dozens of others visible in a map of the Middle East, Pakistan and Central Asia.

Not the Greeks, but the Greek city-states of Athens and Plataea, The battle in 490 BCE was on the plain of Marathon (not a city) 26 miles north of Athens.

First Cyrus the Great, then his son Cambyses and finally Darius the Great.

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He established 20 provinces ruled by Persian governors, responsible to the king and his council. The governors were responsible for internal and external defence and improving the living standards of the people, while allowing them to follow their traditional governance and lifestyle.

The empire that threatened the various Greek City States in the 5th century BCE was the PERSIAN EMPIRE. However, it must be made clear that Greece was a number of independent city-states, not a single independent country.

Early in the war the Greek city-state alliance established naval superiority - after the battle of Salamis in 480 BCE.

To provide a horse-courier means of communication in areas where sea travel was not possible.

Attacks by Hoplite infantry formations presented a dangerous battlefield situation for the ancient Persians. In situations where the Persians were relying on their light infantry, it became a challenge to defeat the hoplite heavy infantry attacks. One method was to establish an aray of archers some distance from a hopelite formation. Far enough away to prevent a spear attack, but close enough for archery arrows. With their light cavalry, the Persians would attack each flank of the hoplite formation. The cavalry attacks would force the hoplite formation to stop its march and defend each side of their formation. This allowed the large Persian archery force to shower the immobilized and distracted hopelites. The combined counter offensive of the Persians, the archers and the light cavalry would defeat the hoplite army.

It was founded by Cyrus the Great and reached its peak under Darius the Great.

However it was not the largest ever known - compare it with the Spanish Empire, the British Empire and the Russian Empire.

Persians were way bigger than. Greek soldier and had better tools

Approximately 5,000 km or 3,200 miles

They called it the Kingdom of Persia. We call it the Persian Empire.

He divided it into 20 provinces (satrapies) each with a governor (satrap) responsible for internal and external security and collecting taxes (the local governments were left in place under governor's supervision). They were overseen by the king and his council.

All Greek city-states had to protect themselves from their neighbours - they were a predatory people. And when the Persian threat emerged, they had to choose between submitting to Persian rule or joining a confederation to oppose invasion. The opposing group was led by Sparta, and after it was removed, the Greek cities went back to fighting each other. Athens tried for dominance and was defeated by the Peloponnesian League led by Sparta. Then Thebes, originally a Persian ally, took over from Sparta, and in turn all the city-states were dominated by Macedonia.

The combined armies of about 20 Greek city-states led by Sparta.
The combined armies of the southern Greek city-states, led by Sparta.

Establishment of 20 provinces with the governors responsible to provide internal and external security and oversee the local government within their province.

Establishment of road and sea transport for trade, security and communications.

Establishment of a common language to facilitate communication.