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Planetary Science

Planetary Science is the study of Planets and the Solar System, a combination of Astronomy and Earth Sciences. Find questions about the different planets and more.

25,144 Questions

What is sigma 547?

Sigma 547 does not have a specific mathematical or scientific meaning. It may refer to something specific in a particular context, such as a code, a product name, or a reference number. Without more information, it is difficult to provide a precise answer.

Which planet has a southern ice cap that almost disappears during this planets summer?

Mars has a southern ice cap that almost disappears during its summer season. This seasonal disappearance is due to the planet's axial tilt, which causes polar ice to sublimate into the atmosphere as temperatures rise.

Which would most likely suggest a character's inner life?

A character's thoughts, emotions, and motivations would most likely suggest their inner life. This can be revealed through their actions, dialogue, internal monologues, and interactions with others.

Why do the planets spin in a circle and not float away from each other?

The spinning of planets is due to their initial rotational momentum from the formation of the solar system. Additionally, gravity keeps them in orbit around the sun and prevents them from floating away. The balance between the planet's inertia and the sun's gravitational pull allows for a stable orbit.

Why aren't there many meteors in the troposphere?

Meteors typically burn up in the Earth's atmosphere due to friction with air molecules, generating heat that causes them to disintegrate before reaching the troposphere. The majority of meteors are actually seen in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere, where they produce the visible light streaks known as shooting stars.

What is the total mass of a uniform layer of water covering the entire Martian surface to a depth of 5m?

In tonnes which are equal to cubic meters of water:

20/3 π R2

Where R is the diameter in meters of the planet Mars. and π is "pi" the well known constant approximated by 22/7 or 3,14159...

(the 5 meter depth is incorporates in the 20/3 value)

Why does the same side of mercury always face the sun?

This used to be believed, but we now realise it is not so. Mercury rotates 3 times for every 2 orbits of the Sun.

What can be use to observe the earth's spin?

Without any special tools or devices, just by noticing the direction of the sunrise and sunset. We know that the sun rises in the east and sets in the west, therefore the earth spins in the direction of (or toward) the sunrise, or to the east. If looking at the earth from above the equator, the earth would spin in a west-to-east direction. From the north pole, it turns counter-clockwise, and clockwise if viewed from above the south pole.

Which two inner planets do not have moons?

Mercury and Venus are the two inner planets in our solar system that do not have any moons.

Can TREES make Jupiter a sustainable planet?

Firstly, Trees need landmass into which to spread their roots for support and it is doubtful that Jupiter has landmass. (If it is found to have landmass, it would be deep under the gas layers with far too much pressure to support any trees we have on Earth.)

Secondly, Trees need water. If there is any water on Jupiter, it is in the core.

Thirdly, Trees need sunlight and Jupiter's atmosphere would create conditions that were sufficiently occluded to prevent photosynthesis. (This avoids mentioning that the requisite oxygen and carbon dioxide are also missing from Jupiter's atmosphere in the necessary percentages.)

Assuming, either by magic or significantly advanced technology, trees can survive on Jupiter, there are many other factors that would be necessary to make Jupiter inhabitable such as proper heating, prevalence of mid-level elements (such as carbon, oxygen, nitrogen, silicon, phosphorus et al., a clearer atmosphere, less pressure in habitable areas, and storm control (the Big Red Spot is a tornado larger than 3x the Planet Earth).

What is a spacecraft that stays in orbit around a planet or moon?

A spacecraft that stays in orbit around a planet or moon is called a planetary orbiter. They are designed to study the surface, atmosphere, and environment of the celestial body they are orbiting.

Which other planet in the solar system closest in size to the earth?

Venus is closest to the Earths size and mass - often referred to as Earths sister or twin planet. Venus' Mass is around 82% of Earths, while its diameter is a little smaller than Earths at around 95% of Earths diameter.

What objects in space emit or reflect light?

Stars, planets, moons, comets, and asteroids emit or reflect light in space. Stars produce their own light through nuclear fusion, while planets and moons reflect light from the Sun. Comets and asteroids can also reflect sunlight, making them visible in the night sky.

What is true about planets and asteroids?

Planets are large celestial bodies that orbit a star and have cleared their orbit of other objects, while asteroids are smaller rocky or metallic bodies that also orbit a star but have not cleared their orbit. Planets are typically round due to their gravitational pull, while asteroids can have irregular shapes.

Which orbit in Keplers law would have the longest period?

An orbit with a large semimajor axis will have the longest period according to Kepler's third law. This means that an orbit with the greatest average distance from the central body will have the longest period.

Why is Mars called the twin planet to Earth?

I don't know anyone who calls it that, because it's not really much like Earth. If there's any planet that's usually regarded as Earth's "twin", it would be Venus, which is almost the same size. Mars is significantly smaller.

What keeps planets in orbit in your solar system?

Planets in our solar system are kept in orbit by the gravitational pull of the sun. The balance between the centrifugal force of the planet's movement and the gravitational force of the sun keeps them in a stable orbit.

Is mercury inner or outer of the solar system?

Mercury is the innermost planet. Therefore, it would be an inner planet.

What is the location of all the planets?

The planets in our solar system are located in varying distances from the Sun. Mercury is the closest planet to the Sun, followed by Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune. Pluto, which is no longer considered a planet, is located beyond Neptune in the Kuiper Belt.

Does age affect the brightness of stars?

Yes, the age of a star can affect its brightness. Younger stars tend to be brighter than older stars because they are still in the process of converting hydrogen into helium through nuclear fusion, which releases a lot of energy. As stars age and exhaust their hydrogen fuel, they can become dimmer.

How miles does earth travel in 365 days?

Briefly:

The length of Earth's orbit can be measured in time or space.

That is 365.25 days or 940,000,000 kilometers or 584,000,000 miles.

See related links from NASA.

Explanation:

Time: Length of Year

The length of time it takes the Earth to orbit the Sun is

365.24219 standard days, where a standard day is defined as 24 hours, not the time it takes the Earth to rotate about is axis.

The time it takes the Earth to orbit around the Sun changes by a few minutes each year because the Earth's path is slightly affected by the other planets, mostly Saturn and Jupiter. In 2007 the year was about 11 minutes longer and in 2010 it was 12 minutes shorter, but in 2013, it will be within a minute.

Space: Circumference of Ellipse

Two ways to calculate the length.

1. Use the average speed times the length of a year.

For Earth, the orbital period (year) is 365.25 days which takes place at an average of distance of 149,600,000 km from the sun at an average speed of 29.8 km/s.

(365.25 days) * 29.8 * (km / s) = 940 416 480 kilometers

2. Use geometry.

If the Earth's orbit were a circle, the length of the orbit would be the circumference,

C=2 pi r.

2 * pi * (149 600 000 kilometers) = 939 964 522 kilometers

Since the orbit is more nearly an ellipses, we could approximate the circumference as C= pi (a+b), but that does not actually improve the accuracy. The exact calculation of the circumference of an ellipse turns out to be difficult and has been a topic that has occupied the world's best mathematicians. But, for accuracies we need, our answer above is within one percent.

How do you earn star coins very quick on Movie Star Planet?

You can earn star coins quickly on Movie Star Planet by completing tasks such as playing games, signing in daily, watching movies, and participating in competitions. Additionally, you can receive star coins as gifts from friends or by spinning the daily wheel.

How does the chemical composition of the terrestrial planet atmospheres differ from the Jovian planets?

Terrestrial planet atmospheres are primarily composed of gases like nitrogen and oxygen, with small amounts of carbon dioxide and other trace gases, while Jovian planet atmospheres consist mostly of hydrogen and helium, along with traces of methane and ammonia. Terrestrial planets have thinner atmospheres compared to Jovian planets, which have massive, thick atmospheres made up of mostly hydrogen and helium.

How big is earth in realation to other planets?

In terms of Radius and diameter;

Mercury's radius and diameter (at the equator) = 0.3825 x that of Earths (or 38.25%)

Venus's radius and diameter = 0.9488 x Earths (nearly 95%)

(Earth's radius = 6378km, diameter = 12756km)

Mars = 0.5323 x Earths (53.2%)

Jupiter = 11.21 x Earths

Saturn = 9.45 x Earths

Uranus = 4.01 x Earths

Neptune = 3.88 x Earths

In terms of Volume;

Mercury's volume = 0.056 x Earths (or 5.6% of Earths)

Venus' volume = 0.857 x Earths (85.7%)

(Earths volume = 1.08 x 1012 cubic km (km3))

Mars' volume = 0.151 x Earths (15.1%)

Jupiter's volume = 1321.3 x Earths

Saturn's volume = 763.59 x Earths

Uranus' volume = 63.086 x Earths

Neptune's volume = 57.74 x Earths