Planetary Science

Astronomers have found evidence that suggests that the gas giants Jupiter and Saturn may experience extreme temperature differences between their day and night sides. These planets have fast rotation rates and thick atmospheres that contribute to the temperature gradients.

Pictures taken from spacecraft or telescopes can show the positions of the planets relative to the sun over time. By observing these images, we can visually see the planets moving in their orbits around the sun, as their positions change in a predictable pattern. This visual evidence supports the heliocentric model proposed by Copernicus, where the sun is at the center of our solar system and the planets revolve around it.

Stars have motion "left over" from the Big Bang; also, they are affected by the gravity of other stars, so that most are circling galaxies. In addition, stars can be affected by the shock waves of nearby novae and perturbed by their own planets and passing stars and dark bodies.

Remember the Second Law of Motion: stars are massive and space is largely empty, so a star in motion isn't slowed down by having to buck the medium, as all Earthly objects do when they pass through the air (or water).

Out of an accretion disc. A disc of materials left over from the formation of a star (in this case our sun) orbiting. Small particles bump into each other and stick. Slowly over time it isn't the rigidness of the particles in that environment which causes them to stick, but at a certain size it will begin to bend space and time to where the larger chunks have significant gravity so other particles are drawn towards them. As the bigger pieces collide over time they also begin to hold together until they have what is known as hydrostatic equilibrium. This is where the object has enough gravity to hold a roughly spherical shape. Thus a planet is born. Gas planets are slightly different only in the respect that solid portions are not as visible; they fall towards the center.

The term "tropical" refers to regions near the equator where the climate is typically hot and humid throughout the year. These areas receive direct sunlight and have consistent high temperatures due to their proximity to the equator, which results in a tropical climate characterized by warm temperatures and high levels of moisture in the air.

A The temperature of star B is lower

B The temperature of star A is lower

C Star A is more massive

D Star B is more massive

E Not enough information to conclude anything

The latitude that best represents the location where the Sun is directly overhead at noon on April 27 is the Tropic of Cancer, which is at approximately 23.5 degrees north. This is because on April 27 the Sun is positioned directly over the equator during the spring equinox.

The scientist who first suggested that Earth and other planets in the solar system revolve around the sun was Nicolaus Copernicus, in his work "De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium" (On the Revolutions of the Celestial Spheres) published in 1543.

The smallest planet, Mercury, has a period of rotation of about 59 Earth days. Its slow rotation speed means that a day on Mercury (from one sunrise to the next) is much longer compared to a day on Earth.

Uranus, though it wasn't called a star. Its discoverer mistook it for a comet.

Venus and Uranus are the two planets that rotate clockwise, also known as retrograde rotation, in our solar system. This means that their rotation is opposite to the majority of the other planets, which rotate counterclockwise.

After defeating Frieza on Planet Namek, Goku used the Namekian Dragon Balls to wish for his friends to be transported to Earth while he stayed behind with King Kai. He was later found by a Ginyu Force spaceship and used it to escape just before Namek's destruction.

The blandest appearing planet based on visuals from space probes is likely to be Venus. Its thick cloud cover hides its surface details, giving it a uniform and featureless appearance when observed from space.

The phase of the moon (new, half, full, etc) is a function of how much of its lit surface we can see from the earth. Half the moon is always sunlit, half is dark, but as the moon orbits the earth, more or less of the lit face is pointed towards us here on earth.

The moon's orbital period around the earth is 28 days, which more or less coincides with the length of a month. Once in each of its orbits, its lit face is directly oriented towards earth -- a full moon.

Because the 28-day orbital period is less than a full month, on relatively rare occasions we can have two full moons within one calendar month. The second of those full moons is referred to as a "blue moon" -- thus the phrase, once in a blue moon, which means "rarely."

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Yes, in ancient times the moon was considered a planet, along with the five planets visible to the naked eye (Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn). The term "planet" originally referred to any wandering celestial body in the night sky, which included the moon.

No, it is not catastrophic when the planets align. Planetary alignments are relatively common and do not have any significant impact on Earth or its inhabitants. They are simply a natural and regular occurrence in our solar system.

No, meteorites are not made of frozen gases. They are solid pieces of rock or metal that have entered the Earth's atmosphere from space and survived the journey to impact the Earth's surface.

a planets year is determined by how long it takes the planet to circle its sun. As a general rule the farther the planet is from its sun the longer its year will be.

Uranus and Neptune are the two jovian planets that do not have a significant internal heat source. They receive most of their heat from the sun and do not generate as much internal heat as Jupiter and Saturn.

Venus takes approximately 224.7 Earth days to complete one orbit around the Sun. This is slightly longer than its rotation period, which is why a day on Venus is longer than a year on Venus.

Ceres has a rotation period of about 9 hours, meaning it completes one full rotation on its axis in that amount of time. Its revolution period around the sun is approximately 4.6 Earth years, as it orbits the sun at an average distance of about 2.8 astronomical units.

The gas giants Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune are all mainly composed of gas the only solid being the core which is rock, and metallic, The gas giants are all 95% or greater made of hydrogen which is a very light gas, what keeps all these giant gas planets together is that Jupiter is 318 times as massive as Earth Saturn is about 95 and Uranus and Neptune are about 20 times as massive as Earth, Meaning that the gravity pull of the gas giants is much greater than Earths and is what keeps all these gases together.

Comment: Yes. Also the fact that the planets are so far from the Sun helps stop

gas molecules etc., reaching "escape velocity".

A "hot Jupiter" would be losing matter, we think.

Planets do not collide while revolving around the sun because they follow different orbital paths with varying speeds. These paths are determined by the gravitational pull of the sun, which keeps the planets in stable orbits. Additionally, the vast distances between planets provide enough space to prevent collisions.

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Hope this helps.