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Polar Exploration
Polar exploration refers to the physical exploration of the Arctic and Antarctica. Exploring these areas meant hiking over ice flows and glaciers. Explorers largely ventured into polar exploration during the 18th century.
955 Questions
Why is sir john Franklin so important to us today?
Sir John Franklin is significant today primarily for his role in the exploration of the Arctic and the tragic fate of his last expedition in search of the Northwest Passage. His journey, which ended in mystery, has sparked ongoing interest and research into Arctic exploration, climate change, and indigenous cultures. The discoveries related to his expedition, including the eventual finding of his ships, have provided valuable insights into the challenges faced by explorers and the environmental conditions of the region. Franklin's legacy continues to influence modern explorations and discussions about resilience and adaptation in extreme environments.
When and where Did Matthew Henson die?
Matthew Henson, an African American explorer, died on March 9, 1955, in New York City, United States. Henson is best known for being part of the first successful expedition to the North Pole in 1909 with Robert Peary.
What are some words that describe Matthew Henson?
Oh, dude, Matthew Henson? Like, he's all about being an explorer, adventurer, and trailblazer. I mean, the guy was the first to reach the North Pole with Robert Peary. So yeah, you could say he's pretty epic.
What is Matthew Henson's favorite color?
Oh, what a lovely question! Matthew Henson, the first African American Arctic explorer, didn't leave any records of his favorite color. But I bet he would have loved the colors of the Arctic landscape - the icy blues, snowy whites, and deep grays. Let's imagine him surrounded by those beautiful colors as he explored the frozen wilderness.
What did Matthew henson do for Americans?
Matthew Henson was an African American explorer who is best known for being one of the first people to reach the geographic North Pole. His contributions to American history include his participation in Robert Peary's expedition to the North Pole in 1909. Henson's expertise in navigation, sledging, and Inuit language and customs were crucial to the success of the expedition. His achievements helped to advance American exploration and expand our knowledge of the Arctic region.
What supplies did Ernest Shackleton take on his journey to Antarctica?
Ernest Shackleton took supplies like food, fuel, sledges, tents, clothing, medical supplies, navigation equipment, and tools on his journey to Antarctica. He also brought dogs and a motorized sled called the 'motorcar.'
What were Robert Scott's main achievements?
Robert Falcon Scott was the second person to reach the South Pole, he led two Antarctic expeditions, was part of the royal Navy, and was A knight commander of the bath( whatever that means) I hope that answer helped!!
What is Ernest Shackleton's favourite colour?
As an experienced educator with in-depth knowledge, I must clarify that there is no definitive information or historical record indicating what Ernest Shackleton's favorite color was. Shackleton was a renowned Antarctic explorer known for his leadership during the Endurance expedition, but his personal color preferences have not been documented in any significant way. It is important to rely on factual information and avoid making assumptions about historical figures.
How long will it take for snow falling at the South pole to reach the coast as an iceberg?
Well, isn't that just a lovely question. You see, snow falling at the South Pole can take hundreds or even thousands of years to become an iceberg at the coast. It's a slow and gentle journey, much like a happy little cloud floating across the sky. Just remember, all good things take time to become something truly beautiful.
Did Robert Scott die of Frost bite?
While frostbite did contribute to Robert Scott's death, he actually died from a combination of factors including extreme cold, exhaustion, and starvation during his ill-fated expedition to Antarctica in 1912. Frostbite was one of the many challenges he faced in the harsh environment that ultimately led to his demise.
What year did Ernest Shackleton and his crew get back from the Antarctic?
Sir Ernest Shackleton died in the Antarctic in January 1922 and is buried on South Georgia Island in the South Sandwich Islands. His crew and the Quest returned to England in July 1922.
How did Robert falcon Scott overcome his difficulties?
Robert Falcon Scott overcame difficulties during his Antarctic expeditions by demonstrating strong leadership, endurance, and determination. Despite facing harsh conditions and limited resources, he utilized careful planning and strategic decision-making to navigate challenges. Additionally, Scott's ability to maintain morale and inspire his team was crucial in overcoming obstacles.
What modes of transportation did Scott and his team use t reach the pole?
Scott and his team used a combination of ships and sledges pulled by ponies and dogs to reach the South Pole during the Terra Nova Expedition in 1911-1912. They primarily relied on using ponies and dogs for overland travel across the icy terrain of Antarctica.
What are the names of Robert Falcon Scott's siblings?
I contacted the Scott Polar Research Institute, Thomas H Manning Polar Archives as there was some doubt over the number of sisters Scott had. Some sites on the web state 2, some 3, others 4. The answer they gave me is 4 sisters, one brother. They are Ettie / Rose / Grace / Archie and Katherine.
What did Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott have in common?
Roald Amundsen and Robert Falcon Scott were both explorers who led Antarctic expeditions in the early 20th century. They both aimed to reach the South Pole, with Amundsen being the first to succeed in 1911, while Scott's expedition ended in tragedy in 1912.
What did Rober Edwin peary discover in 1909?
Robert Edwin Peary discovered the North Pole on April 6, 1909, after multiple attempts. He led an expedition to the Arctic region and is widely recognized as the first person to have reached the northernmost point on Earth.
What is a growler from the book Ernest Shackleton?
A Growler is a very small iceberg which is less than 1 metre (3.3 ft) high and less then 5 metres (16 ft) long.
When trapped air escapes as the iceberg melts, it sometimes makes a sound like the growl of an animal, and that's how growlers got their name.
Did robert scott and his men die on the return journey from the south pole?
Yes, Robert Scott and his men did die on the return journey from the South Pole during the Terra Nova Expedition. They perished from a combination of extreme cold, exhaustion, and starvation.
What is Robert Falcon Scott's Star Sign?
Robert Falcon Scott's star sign is Gemini as he was born on 6th june.
What dangers did Robert falcon Scott face?
Captain Robert F. Scott and his team faced a number of dangers on his Terra Nova Expedition (1910-1912). The cold was the first major danger, as temperatures in Antarctica can drop as low as -89°C in Winter. Simple tasks like going to the toilet carried a risk of hypothermia, and specialist sledging gear had to be developed to protect the men from the constant cold.
Food was another constant danger, as the vast majority of their food had to be brought with them. This meant that rations, especially for sledging, had to be carefully calculated. The more food they carried the longer and further they could travel, but extra food also increased the weight of the sledges, slowing them down. The solution to this problem was to 'depot' supplies of food and oil (for cooking and heating the tents), by burying them in huge cairns of ice and snow, and marking them with a flag to be collected later. These depots could be difficult to rediscover, however, as navigation was difficult so close to the South Pole, and missing a depot would mean almost certain death.
Another danger posed by food was that the calories the men's sledging rations provided represented roughly half of what was necessary to man-haul a heavy sledge across the Great Ice Barrier every day. This meant that men lost huge amounts of weight fast. This was particularly dangerous for the biggest, strongest men, whose ration was the same as the smallest, but their energy needs were much higher. This is one of the reasons why Edgar Evans and Lawrence Oates deteriorated faster than Captain Scott's other companions on the polar journey.
Illness and disease was another big danger. Scurvy was the most dreaded of these, as it worked rapidly and made sledging, and eventually walking, impossible. Scott's second-in-command, Teddy Evans, contracted scurvy on his return from laying depots to support Scott's journey to the South Pole. Eventually, his two companions, Bill Lashly and Tom Crean (neither of who knew how to navigate their way home), had to lash him to their sledge and drag him back to the hut. Scott's own team may also have been suffering from scurvy, though this is contested by historians.
Crevasses posed a constant danger to the men while sledging. When they were man-hauling, they would often fall through the thin layer of snow covering a crevasse, only to be stopped by their man-hauling harness. They would then need to be helped out by their companions. One man, Patrick Keohane, fell through crevasses to the full length of his harness eight times in twenty-five minutes! Edgar Evans, Scott's reliable companion chosen for the polar party, was concussed when he fell into a crevasse, possibly contributing to his death on the return journey.
Other, more unusual dangers also faced Scott and his men. The expedition photographer, Herbert Ponting, nearly died early in the expedition when the piece of ice he was standing on to take photographs was split in two by a pack of killer whales, and he was forced to abandon some of his equipment in the rush to get back to solid ice. One of the sailors on the expedition, Tom Crean, developed a reputation for getting 'dunked'. This meant falling through the ice into the icy sea beneath. This may have caused much amusment for the men, but it also carried a grave risk of hypothermia or drowning. Scott's diaries record that he was also worried that one of the expedition's ponies, a foul-tempered brute named Christopher, would maim his horse-handler, Lawrence Oates.
Many of these dangers were the same as those he faced on the Discovery Expedition (1901-1904), but others were different. The Discovery was the first British Antarctic expedition, and its members had almost no experience of the conditions they would face. Few members knew how to ski, and only two had any experience of dog-sledging. They also didn't know how to deal with the conditions. For example, when a sledging party was first hit by a blizzard in March 1902, rather than pitching their tents and waiting for it to pass they panicked and attempted to return to the ship. The men were split up by the terrible conditions, and one man, Able Seaman George Vince, was killed when he slipped and fell off the edge of a cliff. Many of the men aboard the Terra Nova were Discovery veterans, and their experience meant that they knew how to deal with many of the dangers faced. For example, Scott's second hut was more insulated and better designed than his first attempt, which got so cold that it could not be used as a permanent base.
Who was the famous British explorer who conquered Antarctica?
Antarctica has not been 'conquered' -- many explorers from many countries have mounted expeditions to Antarctica. The British explorers of note include Captain Robert Falcon Scott, Sir Earnest Shackleton, Ranulph Fiennes, and James Weddell.
What did Robert Scott and Amundsen eat on their expedition to the South Pole?
Robert Scott and his team ate pemmican, biscuits, chocolate, and tea during their ill-fated expedition. Amundsen and his team, on the other hand, primarily ate a high-fat diet consisting of pemmican, biscuits, chocolate, and dog meat, which helped them sustain their energy and endure the harsh conditions.
Did Richard Byrd bring back anything from Antarctica?
Yes, Richard Byrd brought back scientific data, photographs, and specimens from his expeditions to Antarctica. He collected valuable information about the continent's geography, climate, and wildlife, which contributed to a better understanding of this remote region.
Why did shackleton name his ship Endurance?
Shackleton named his ship Endurance to represent his personal motto "By endurance we conquer." He believed that perseverance and resilience were essential traits needed to overcome the challenges of his expedition to the Antarctic.
