Pollution

Smoking and second hand smoke are indoor air pollution.

The burning of tobacco releases nicotine, particulates, carbon monoxide and sublimated tobacco tars into the air. In addition the chemicals added to the tobacco to regulate its burning rate and humidity (e.g. glycerine) are released by the heat of the burning tip.These can be re-breathed by others (non-smokers) or deposited on surfaces as a film.

Installing filters and treatment facilities at the source of production can help control air and water pollution. This method is effective in reducing emissions of harmful pollutants such as particulate matter, sulfur dioxide, nitrous oxides, and heavy metals from industrial processes. Additionally, it can help remove pollutants from wastewater before it is discharged into water bodies, reducing the impact on aquatic ecosystems.

Greenhouse gases include: methane, ozone, water vapor, carbon dioxide, and nitrous oxide.

These gasses absorb and emit radiation in the infared range, are present in the atmosphere, and influence the temperature of the Earth's surface. Increased human production of carbon dioxide following the Industrial Revolution has been claimed as the cause of increasing global temperatures, a phenomenon typically referred to as global warming.

picking up trash is a cost and the benefit is a cleaner environment. Another is money, time, and effort the cost and the benefit is natural beauty, health benefits, and short term and long term.

Water vapor is the primary greenhouse gas which traps about 80% of all the heat we need to exist. Without greenhouse gases we would all die as the planet would be extremly cold and quite dead.

CO2 is the second most common greenhouse gas making up almost 0.04% of our atmosphere. This is also a naturally occurring gas. Man also produces about 4% of this gas (3 to 6% depending on who you ask).

Methane is a very minor contributor in terms of volume and forcing. Almost all methane is produced naturally through animal's natural biological processes.

Ozone is also on the list. The "hole" in the southeren hemisphere that occurrs naturally each winter is blamed for the increase in ice mass in the Southern Hemisphere we have seen.

Any gas with three or more atomes is considered a greenhouse gas. Man produces almost 0.3% of all greenhouse gases. Nature produces the rest.

Of the 1375 watts per square meter of the sun's energy that hits the planet, we retain about 350 watts of this energy for warmth. Over the past 150 years some people claim that it is possible the earth is retaining about 3 extra watts of this energy. (The claim itself is debateable) If true, the increase may be, in part, caused by man's use of fossil fuels and the atmosphereic change associated with this use. Currently the atmosphere is claimed to have changed (by some groups) as much as 0.01%.

"Air pollutants" are any foreign addition to the air. They come in many forms, and their virtues and vices are quite diverse.

An example of beneficial (human) pollution is the theory that the Industrial Revolution helped to dull the impact of a "mini-ice age," due to a sudden increase in gases that help retain heat.

An example of beneficial (natural) pollution is pollen. Plants release their male genetic material into the atmosphere, and weather helps them to reproduce.

The main sources of water pollution in Pasig River include industrial wastewater discharge, untreated sewage from households, illegal dumping of solid waste, and runoff from agricultural areas carrying pesticides and fertilizers. Combined, these sources introduce a range of pollutants such as heavy metals, pathogens, nutrients, and chemicals into the river, degrading water quality and harming aquatic life.

Types of pollution include air pollution (from vehicles, factories), water pollution (from sewage, industrial waste), soil pollution (from chemicals, pesticides), noise pollution (from traffic, machinery), and light pollution (from excessive artificial lighting).

Phosphorus is the element in fertilizers and some detergents that contributes to water pollution and the growth of algae and water weeds. When phosphorus enters water bodies, it can lead to eutrophication, causing excessive algae growth and depleting oxygen levels, which harms aquatic ecosystems.

Smog can irritate the eyes, nose, and throat of animals, leading to respiratory problems and reduced lung function. It can also negatively impact their reproductive abilities, behavior, and overall health. In severe cases, prolonged exposure to smog can result in serious illnesses or even death in animals.

Many clean rivers and watersheds have become polluted, and killed fish and other creatures. People dump trash on public roads, and often animals are road killed feeding on the garbage. Industrial pollution often went unchecked, making air qualities low.

America, however, has cleaned up it's act, to where fewer waters are compromised, and air quality has improved.

Acid rain can lower the pH of lakes, making the water more acidic. This can harm fish and other aquatic life by damaging their gills, affecting their ability to reproduce, and disrupting food chains. Additionally, acid rain can leach toxic metals from the soil, further harming aquatic organisms.

An overpopulation problem may lead to strain on resources such as food, water, and housing, increased pollution and waste generation, and potential conflict over limited resources.

the difference is that a point source pollution comes from a specific site & the non-point source pollution comes from many sources rather than a single specific site.

or

point source pollution is pollution that comes from a known and specific location. Nonpoint source pollution is pollution that does not have a specific point of orign....................:-)Hisme John

There are three OD's used Total Oxygen Demand (TOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Biological Oxygen Demand (BOD)

They all measure the amount of oxygen that would be required to consume organic material in the water, BOD is the lowest (usually) as it measures demand from microbes eating easily digested organics (sugars etc), COD measures the demand from all other organics (alcohols etc) measured by digesting the material in strong chemical oxidants, and TOD is the total of the two.

Oxygen demand is important to know in waste handling as reducing the oxygen in receiving stream can harm fish and other aquatic life.

Indicator species can be used in one of two ways:

* the indicator species is one which easily affected by the pollutant. Specimens are kept in an area and observed. When they show distress the pollution rate is climbing, and this happens before the hardier species are impacted. Think of canaries in coal mines. * When a biologist inspects an ecosystem he keeps track of the population and the species present. If only hardy (pollution resistant) species are present the ecology has become degraded. If sensitive species are present the environemt is still good.

To reduce latex balloon pollution, opt for eco-friendly alternatives like reusable decorations or biodegradable balloons made from natural materials. Properly dispose of balloons by deflating them, cutting them up, and putting them in the trash to prevent them from ending up in the environment. Encourage others to avoid releasing balloons into the sky as they can harm wildlife and contribute to pollution.

First of all, many (and this is a classic) pick up trash (and try not to liter). Others (or the same people) ride bikes or ride with many other people to reduce the amount of gas sent into the air. If four separate people ride four separate cars, but are going to the same place (or near the same places), they would waste more. And of course, the good old "Three R's." Recycling is the most commonly known way. Trash, plastic, paper, etc.

Oil, antifreeze, pet feces, car washing detergents and waste water, gasoline drips, spills etc. all are washed from streets into sewers and then to rivers causing water pollution. Studies indicate that stormwater run-off is about as bad for streams as raw sanitary sewage.

You have to design the reactor primary circuit to a very high standard such that massive releases of coolant are not possible, and you have to also design minor breaches of the primary circuit so that the operators are always aware of any loss of coolant. Also to provide a secondary containment which will prevent any small coolant leaks from reaching the environment.

Some of the least polluted cities in the world include Reykjavik in Iceland, Honolulu in Hawaii, and Stockholm in Sweden. These cities have implemented strict environmental regulations, prioritize sustainability, and have low levels of air and water pollution compared to other cities.

Animals can be affected by various types of pollution, including air pollution, water pollution, and noise pollution. Air pollution can lead to respiratory issues and other health problems, while water pollution can contaminate their food sources and disrupt their habitats. Noise pollution can disrupt their communication, breeding patterns, and migration.

smoke is one

Primary air pollutants are ones directly emitted into the atmosphere.

Gaseous Air Pollutants

· Sulfur Dioxite (SO2) - Emissions from - electric power generation, petroleum refining, commercial use, residential use, combustion for industry use, production processes, extraction of fossil fuels, transportation - roads, aviation, ships, trains

· Nitrogen Oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) - emissions from motor vehicles, energy production

· Ammonia - emissions from livestock, fertilzers, oceans, vegetation

· Carbon Monoxide - emissions from motor vehicles and industries

· Volatile Organic Compounds - emissions from solvent use, from petroleum use, production processess

· Ozone (O3) - emissions from various pollutants

· Persistent Organic Pollutants - emissions from aerosols, pesticides

Jupiter's atmosphere is mostly composed of hydrogen and helium, with small amounts of methane and ammonia. Harmful gases such as sulfur compounds and hydrocarbons may also be present, but in trace amounts. The extreme conditions on Jupiter, including high temperature and pressure, make it inhospitable for human life.

Highways can affect water quality through runoff from paved surfaces carrying pollutants such as oil, heavy metals, and sediment into water bodies. This runoff can contribute to water pollution, erosion, and habitat degradation. Proper stormwater management strategies, such as installing vegetated buffers and filtration systems, can help mitigate the impact of highways on water quality.