Prophet Muhammad

Prophet Mohamed was born in year 570 AD and received his first God revelation in year 610 AD. This means Prophet Mohamed was born 570 years after Jesus birth.

(Note: Mohamed may be spelled Mohammed or Mohamad or Mohamad or Muhammed or Muhammad or Muhamed or Muhamad)

Muhammad was born in 570 AD (574 years after Jesus) by normal human parents. There was no known prophesy about his birth and there was nothing miraculous about his birth either unlike Jesus.

Her name was Qutayla bint Qays, although she is sometimes also known as Habla, and she was a princess from Yemen.

She was legally married to Mohammed in 632 and then set out on the journey from Yemen to Medina to meet him. But while she was still on the road, she heard that Mohammed had died, so in fact they never met.

Therefore Qutayla was definitely the final wife.

Most of the sources say he was 25 years old. However, they were counting in lunar years, so by our reckoning, he was probably only 24.

Mohammed's family were all pagans. As a young man, Mohammed sacrificed a white ewe to the goddess Al-Uzza, who was the patron-goddess of Mecca. (See Al-Kalbi, The Book of Idols, pp. 16-17; also Bukhari 7:67:407.) Khadija kept an idol of Al-Uzza in her house, and the whole family used to worship her just before bedtime. (See Ibn Hanbal's Musnad, volume 4, p. 222.)

In 605 there was a bad flood that severely damaged the Kaaba (the temple that housed the 360 gods of Mecca). All the citizens cooperated to rebuilt it, with Mohammed playing an active part. (See Guillaume's translation of Ibn Ishaq's Sirat, pp. 84-86.) This suggests he still believed in the 360 gods at this date and that it was only after 605 that his views shifted.

So Mohammed and Khadija had been married for at least ten years when they admitted to each other that they did not believe in Al-Uzza any more. (Ibn Hanbal, Musnad, volume 4, p. 222.)

N.B. You will often read on the internet that Khadija was a Nestorian, a Sabian, an Ebionite, a Catholic nun or the High Priestess of some occult sect. People who believe this should cite sources. Often they are only guessing.
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• Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) never bowed or worshiped any Idol. Khadija was also the same and didn't worship any idol. She was tending to the faith of her Christian cousin Waraqa Ibn Nofal. However, her cousin was not thinking of Jesus as God or son of God.
• Prophet Muhammad was 25 years old when he married Khadija (she was 40 years old).

Whenever Muslims conquered any land they keep peace. Muslim history is full of examples that proves that Islam is the religion of peace. Its biggest example is when our holy prophet (pbuh) conquered Mecca, he spared the lives and assets.

In the Reign of Hazarat Omar (ra) he took great care of non-Muslims who lived in those areas which were being conquered by Muslims and gave them rights and didn't make any difference between them and Muslims in the affairs of country and justice.

They assured them equal human rights irrelevant to their faiths, colors, cultures, and or social status. Refer to question below.

In sum, they treated them with:

• tolerance
• equal human rights
• free will to select the faith and religion
• justice

Refer to question below

Answer B (Non-Muslim's View)

Muslims treated non-Muslims in a way that was superior to contemporaneous civilizations and introduced the concept of religious tolerance (as opposed to Europe which was practicing the exact opposite at the time). However, it is nothing close to the Muslim conception given above nor was it at all close to equality or Rights. An important thing to note is that the concept of Rights comes out the Enlightenment. Prior to this point, there was a system of privilege wherein the Ruler would provide privileges (out of the kindness of his heart) to a certain group of people to do acts. A person did not have the "right" to anything and this was the mentality worldwide.

The Muslim opinion touches on the Pact of Omar, which was a document of submission signed by the Caliph Omar and defeated Christians and Jews during one of Omar's Wars. While the factual accuracy of that story may be doubted, there is no doubt that the Pact of Omar formed the basis for the treatment of non-Muslims in the conquered territories. The Pact of Omar set out a number of regulations that will be described in this answer.

The Dhimmi, or non-Muslim under Muslim occupation was required by the Pact of Omar to pay a number of taxes that were connected with his Dhimmi status. The most famous was the jizya, which was a tax that Dhimmi had to pay for Muslims for the right to not be killed where they stood for not acknowledging Mohammed's Prophecy; it was a form of humiliation. Additional taxes included the kharaj, which was a tax on non-Muslim land-holdings in the Muslim World. The kharaj was so untenable that most Dhimmi were forced to live in the cities where the tax would not be applicable. The above answer is also incorrect as concerns justice. On paper, a Christian or Jew could testify against a Muslim, but in reality, such testimony was not acceptable and the attempt to defame a Muslim would receive retribution. Christians and Jews were not allowed to build new houses of worship, restore old houses of worship, proselytize in any way (this included religious debate or dialogue), or allow wine or pigs to be shown in public.

Polytheists were forced to convert to Islam with some rare exceptions (such as the Hindus in India). Zoroastrianism was the majority faith in Iran until Islam almost completely extinguished it, both by sword, economic inequality, and brutal repression of Zoroastrian customs (unless they could be Islamicized like Nourouz).

Note: It should be a tad ironic that the Muslim opinion uses the word "conquer" in a sentence describing peaceful conduct. Normally, when somebody is talking about actions of peace and humility, they refer to actions of diplomacy, hard work, and respect. For example, the Tibetan Resistance currently is peaceful because they are not taking up arms, but are taking to negotiating table.

• The jizya to be paid by non-Muslims was not to be not killed. It was for one reason. Non-Muslims were exempted from sharing the military services. That is why they paid Jizya to share military expenses. That why it was not imposed on women, children, old people, and/or unfit people for military service. Regarding the kharaj, this was applied on all citizens; Muslims and non Muslims. Regarding justice, you can refer to history of Islam to recognize how many court cases Jews and Christians won the case against Muslims. Unfortunately the limited space here do not allow to write some of them.

• Never ever any non-Muslim was forced to convert to Islam because it is the explicit Quran teachings that no compulsion in religion. Jews and Christians are called by Muslims as "people of the book" for holding Torah and the Bible that Muslims believe in as God holy books and believe in all God prophets from Adam through Noah, Abraham, Moses, Jesus, and Muhammad (peace be upon them all)

• The ratio of the houses of worship to their relevant followers for non-Muslims in any Muslim majority country is much higher than the ratio for Muslims. Anyone can check these statistics to be sure that it was not restriction on building new houses of worship for non-Muslims and/or restoring old houses of worship but just to maintain even statistics for all religions including Islam. It is the opposite, check in Korea, Japan, UK, USA and you find that this ratio is by far less for Muslims than for Christians and Jews.

• One final point is that Muslims never got control of any country to get more power but only to free the will of their people, to spread peace and civilization, and to guard against their attacks against Muslims and Islam. The historical example of the call of the Christians in Egypt to the Caliph Omar to save them from the tyranny of their rulers at that time is well known.

• It is a pity that some people spread unauthenticated information introduced by media that is biased against Islam. Unfortunately after the decline of communism, the west ranked Islam and Muslim countries as they first enemy and plotted their actions accordingly either through military actions, and/or media, and/or initiating internal disturbances.

• To conclude; Quran says (Meaning English translation): "O mankind, indeed We have created you from male and female and made you peoples and tribes (different nations and different countries) that you may know one another (and cooperate for mankind benefit). Indeed, the most noble of you in the sight of Allah (or God and same God worshiped in Christianity and Judaism) is the most righteous of you. Indeed, Allah is Knowing and Acquainted" (Quran, 49:13)

The immediate cause is historical. The Shi'ites did not agree on the elected Caliphs (who followed Prophet Muhammad after his death). They believed that the Caliphs should only be selected by God according to Koran and prophet has said all Caliphs after him are within Prophet Muhammad descendants and family. Accordingly, they were supporting Ali Ibn abou Taleb (Prophet cousin and the husband of prophet's daughter Fatima Zahra) to be the first Caliph. However, they did not protest against the elected Caliphs (Abou Bakr, Omar, and Ottman) but supported them in obedience to the decision of the majority. Even Ali supported and helped the elected Caliphs and was adviser to the three Caliphs until he was elected as the fourth Caliph.

No one has the right to expel any Shiites or Sunni out of Islam and to consider him/her unbeliever (or Kafir) so far as:

• he/she witness that there is no god Except one God (Allah), who has no partners, and that Muhammad is his messenger and prophet
• he/she doesn't deny intentionally any of the five pillars of Islam

It should be recognized that both Sunnis and Shi'ites are Muslims. They, both, believe that there is no god except the one and only one God, the Creator with no partner, no father, no son, no companion, no associate, and no equivalence, and that the prophet is the God prophet and messenger. They both believe in God's Angels, all Prophets sent from God, all of God's holy book, the Day of Judgment, and destiny. They believe in the five Pillars of Islam. They both face the direction of Kaa'ba when praying. They pray in any mosque regardless of whether the prayer leader is Sunni or Shi'ite. They may differ in some minor details of rituals but these details are not critical to neither the Shi'ites nor the Sunnis.

Answer 2

the immediate cause was power.

according to answer above shia Muslims including Imam Ali a.s. himself always protested about position of Caliphate being occupied by other people and never were silent about this matter. but they did not make war for getting power in order to Islam can survive for later generations. because at that time Islam had big enemies like Roman empire and Persian empire and an civil war made military of Muslims weak and it could lead to a finish for Islam.

their support for Caliphs was in order to Islam can survive against enemies. in fact Imam Ali a.s. ans shia Muslims had only 3 choice:

1- cutting any relations to Kings and not supporting them.

2- supporting them in order to welfare of Muslims and survive of Islam

3- fighting the Caliphs and getting power.

the best choice they made was 2 but this not mean accepting their legitimacy

Also none of the first 3 Caliphs were selected by majority. first was elected in a meeting of few number of top bosses of tribes of Arabs. and second was elected by will of first and 3th was elected by a 6 person meeting. this is never majority!

According to shia Islam any human telling Shahadatain is Muslim and so sunni Muslims and even Wahhabi Muslims are Muslim and shia never call them Kafir.

Shia Islam is the A branch of Muslims that believe in Imamat as one of five pillars of Islam. Imamat means that based on Quran only God has the right to select the leader and no human even prophet SAWW has such a right. Imam (political leader) has divine knowledge of prophet SAWW from God and is the only human that can lead all humans to all be in welfare and can meet God. according to shia prophet declared 12 Imams for leadership of humans after his death but for some political reasons they never could lead humans and all of them were killed or poisoned for political reasons. according to shia 12th Imam is currently alive and by will of God has a long life and guides and protects real believers all over the world but he is in occultation untill people of world really want him as their leader and do not kill him like his 11 fathers who were Imams of their own times after prophet. according to shia granted from God, Imam has the power of controlling all the universe (miracle) and can perform any miracle and has knowledge of everything ( but still there are things that only God knows). but he use this power only when is needed to protect real believers and surviev of real Islam for truth seekers.

Human has freedom and beleiving in Shia Islam or Sunni Islam is a personal choice and according to Quran no compulsion should be in religion. every human is free claim one is better but it needs reasoning and evidence based on Quran and Hadith and authentic history. when prophet Muhammad SAWW died and Ali a.s was at funeral of prophet SAWW quickly a leader was elected while prophet SAWW was not still buried. and it was start of division between supporters of Ali a.s. and supporter of elected ruler.

They just got divided on the way the successor of the prophet (after his death) should be. some of top Arab tribe bosses at Saqifeh elected Abou Bakr to be the first Caliph after prophet Muhammad (PBUH) death and other Muslims were forced and even killed (for example سعد ابن عباده Saad Ib Ebadeh) to accept this ruler. Some like Ali a.s., Salman, Abuzar, Miqdad, Bilal,... disagreed this election. they believed that the successor should be Ali a.s. because God selected him as leader and not because he is relative of prophet SAWW. However, after the election of AbouBakr, they did not fight for power and Ali a.s helped the elected Caliph for survive of real Islam and to big enemies like Roman and Persian empires can not destroy Islam using civil war of Muslims. and always declared his disagreement with this election bu did not made civil war for power. The same scenario was repeated after election of Umar as the second Caliph by will of Abubakr and Othman as the third Caliph by election in a 6 persons meeting. when Muslims killed Uthman for his corruptions Ali a.s. was then elected as the fourth Caliph by majority of Muslims while he was not interested in power.

However, Sunnis and Shiites are two Islamic schools that differ in major (pillars of Islam) and minor issues. The world Imperialists know Islam is truth and if people know this they will lost power. so they try to make wars between Muslim groups to gain control on Muslim countries and on their resources. for example they bomb a shia mosque and tell in media that sunni did it and so on. The two main groups are Sunnis and Shiites. Both groups agree upon basic Islam pillars(unless Imamat (Islamic rules for political leadership)) and believe in same and only version of Quran and follow the sunnah of same prophet (PBUH), pray to same direction (facing Kaba in Makkah or Mecca in Saudi Arabia, go to same places on pilgrimage (or Hajj), and adhere to same Islam morals and ritual worships. Thier main differ is in Imamat.shia beleives based on Quran and Islam the only one who has the right to elect the leader is God and Muslims do not have such a right in Islam.

People of Mecca who were the Prophet's kinship , forced him to leave as they did not accept his beliefs and tortured his followers . Leaving to Medina was done under a Divine direction.

God informed prophet Mohamed (peace upon him) that the tribe leaders who, didn't accept Islam, plotted to assassinate him. Accordingly, he was commanded by God (Allah) to immigrate to Medina.

Just like the first person said, Muhammad was exiled from Mecca for preaching the revelations that he was told by the angel Gabriel. After his exile, he left for Medina, and gathered a group of followers. Muhammad then returned to Mecca* and captured it in 630 AD (year 6 Hijra year) marking the beginning of the Islamic empire.

*The journey to Mecca from Medina was called the Hijra.
Allah commanded him to migrate .One of the reasons was because the Muslims were being persecuted and ill treated in Mecca.
The first reason was that Muhammad had been warned by Allah about the plot to assassinate him and further commanded to migrate. As per Allah's orders did Muhammad choose to migrate. Another critical factor was the ever-growing resistance of the Makkans and all the persecutions that came with it. Madinah would become a more stable and Islam-friendly base for Islam to expand and gain root and after a few years, it did exactly this.

Muslims pray five times a day.

The timings for five daily praying in Islam are:

1. Salat Al-Zuhr (noon prayer): from decline of sun from its zenith till before the shadow of the person in the length of his own figure.
2. Salat Al-Asr (afternoon prayer): from the time the shadow of the person in the length of his own figure till before sunset.
3. Salat Al-Maghrib (Sunset prayer): After sunset, when the sun's red glow disappears, until the last ray of sunlight is gone.
4. Salat Al-Ishaa (night prayer): From the end of previous time till before Dawn.
5. Salat Al-Fajr (Dawn prayer): From dawn till before sunrise.

everyone who is Muslim can pray five times a day.

Muslims must pray 5 times a day.

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Answer:

It is fard [obligatory] for every Muslim who is sane and has reached the age of puberty to perform the five daily namâzes (prayers). When a prayer time comes, it becomes fard for him/her the moment he/she begins performing the prayer. If he/she has not performed it and if there is time left enough to make an ablution and begin the namâz before the prayer time is over, it becomes fard for him/her to perform it. If the prayer time is over before he/she has performed it without an 'udhr [good excuse] not to do so, he/she will have committed a grave sin. Whether he/she has had a good excuse or not, qadâ will be necessary.

['udhr [good excuse]: by a good excuse we mean a situation which Islam recognizes as an excuse that will absolve a Muslim from the responsibility of not performing an Islamic commandment. An excuse of this sort is termed 'udhr.]

The same applies to situations such as when a child reaches puberty, when a disbeliever or a renegade becomes a Muslim, when a woman becomes canonically clean (i.e. immediately after the cessation of the menses at the end of a menstrual or lochial period), when an insane or unconscious person recovers, and when a sleeping person wakes up. It is fard for a new Muslim to learn the essentials (conditions) of namâz first. After learning them, it becomes fard to perform namâz.

Sleep is not a good excuse if it begins after the prayer time has begun. If you do so, it is fard for you to make sure that you will wake up before the prayer time is over, while it would be mustahab for you to make sure to wake up before the end of the prayer time if you were to go to sleep before the beginning of the prayer time.

These five daily prayers add up to forty rak'ats (units), out of which seventeen are fard [obligatory], three are wâjib [almost as compulsory as fard, so not to be omitted], and twenty are sunnat [act, thing, though not commanded by Allahu ta'âlâ, done and liked by the Prophet ('alaihissalâm) as an act of worship]:

1- Morning prayer [Salât-ul-fajr] consists of four rak'ats. First, two rak'ats of the sunnat prayer are performed. Then the fard prayer, of two rak'ats, is performed. The sunnat (the first two rak'ats) is very important. Some scholars classify it as wâjib.

2- Early afternoon prayer [Salât-uz-zuhr]consists of ten rak'ats, the initial sunnat consisting of four rak'ats, the fard consisting of four rak'ats, and the final sunnat consisting of two rak'ats. The early afternoon prayer is performed in this order.

3- Late afternoon prayer [Salât-ul-'asr]consists of eight rak'ats. First the sunnat, which consists of four rak'ats, and then the fard, which consists of four rak'ats, are performed.

4- Evening prayer [Salât-ul-maghrib]contains five rak'ats. First the fard, which is composed of three rak'ats, then the sunnat, consisting of two rak'ats, are performed.

5- Night prayer [Salât-ul-'ishâ] consists of thirteen rak'ats. The initial sunnat contains four rak'ats. The fard also contains four rak'ats, and the final sunnat has two rak'ats. After performing these ten rak'ats, you perform the witr prayer which is wâjib.

The initial sunnats of the late afternoon prayer and night prayer are ghayr-i muakkada [unemphatic, omittied from time to time by our blessed Prophet]. When sitting during their second rak'at, after reciting the Attahiyyâtu … , the prayers of Allahumma salli 'alâ ... and ... bârik 'alâ ... are recited completely. After standing up for the third rak'at, the prayer Subhânaka ... is recited before saying the Basmala. But the first sunnat of the early afternoon prayer is muakkad [emphatic, practised regularly by our blessed Prophet. They are the shi'âr (symptoms) of the Islâmic religion]. That is, it has been commanded emphatically. There are more thawâbs (blessings) for it. During its second rak'at, as in the fard prayers, only the Attahiyyâtuis said and then we stand up for the third rak'at. After standing up, we first recite the Basmala and then the sûra of Fâtiha.

It is mustahab to perform four more rak'ats after the fard of early afternoon and night prayers and six more rak'ats after the fard of the evening prayer. In other words, it is very blessed. One can perform all of them with one salâm or by saying the salâm after every two rak'ats. In either case the first two rak'ats are deemed to be the final sunnat. These prayers, which are mustahab, can be performed separately after the final sunnats of the two namâzes as well.

The first rak'at commences with the beginning of the prayer and the other rak'ats begin right after standing up, and each rak'at continues until one stands up again. The final rak'at continues until the salâm. No prayers can be less than two rak'ats. All prayers contain an even number of rak'ats, except the fard of the evening prayer and the witr prayer. After the second sajda (prostration) of each second rak'at, we sit. Each rak'at of prayer contains its fards, wâjibs, sunnats, mufsids [things or acts which nullify a prayer], and makrûhs [acts that are improper, disliked, or abstained by the Prophet].

Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) returned to Mecca (Makkah) for two reasons:

• To remove the Idols (worshiped by unbelievers) that spread around Kaba.
• To allow Muslims to practice their worship of Hajj to Mecca with no harm or restrictions.

Losing weight is a part of health because obesity is a disease itself and leads to many complications.

so losing weight is indirectly supported by Holy Quran in all those verses that tell Muslims to maintain good health; to consume fruits ( fruits help you lose weight); to consume food in moderate amount ( to be moderate in all paths of life is an important part of faith); to play healthy games and sports (exercise and martial arts is supported in those ayah that tell muslims to prepare for war against evil).

Muhammad (PBUH), advised us to leave one third of our stomach empty when taking our meals.

Holy Prophet (PBUH) forbade to skip dinner - this will help you to prevent weakness and early aging.

N.B: if you want to lose weight for health purposes, it is well supported by Holy Quran and if you want to lose weight for good-looks, it's ok but, make sure that your intentions r not to expose ur body.

If you are looking for some ayah that will help you lose wait then I suggest you to look in some books of "Rohani ilaaj" (treatment with the help of Quranic verses)