0
Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of military engagements between the ascendant Roman Republic and the former Phoenician colony of Carthage, in what is now Tunisia. The Wars were notable for the Carthaginian General Hannibal's Crossing over the Alps with elephants in the Second Punic War and for Rome's complete razing of Carthage in the Third Punic War.
591 Questions
What was the cause of the Punic War in Rome?
There were three Punic Wars and each of them had different causes.
The First Punic war was precipitated by some mercenaries from southern Italy who seized the city of Messana (modern Messina) on the east coast of Sicily. They were attacked by the Greek city of Syracuse, the most powerful city in the island (there were Greek cities in the east and the south of Sicily). Carthage had five ports in the west of Sicily. In the past there had been wars between the Carthaginians and the Greeks of Sicily. The mercenaries asked both Rome and Carthage for help. The former decided to help, but established a garrison in Messana. Not happy with this the mercenaries asked Rome for help again. Rome expelled the Carthaginian garrison from Messana and then besieged Syracuse which was forced to become an ally of Rome. Concerned about this alliance, Carthage mobilised for war.
In Second Punic War Hannibal, the Carthaginian general, wanted war because he wanted revenge against Rome for fraudulently seizing Corsica and Sardinia from Carthage taking advantage of the fact that the latter was facing a military rebellion after the first war. Hannibal provoked the war and quickly mobilised an army to invade Italy from his base in the Carthaginian territories in southern Spain.
Rome used an excuse to declare war for the Third Punic War. A political faction in Rome wanted to destroy Carthage because she had recovered economically from the second war. They were afraid of a resurgence in the power of their rival and wanted to eliminate it.
How did the Punic Wars help project Roman power into the Mediterranean?
1. The First Punic War forced Rome to become a naval power to enable it to defeat Carthage. It also extended Rome's territory and influence beyond the Italian Peninsula to Spain and the western Mediterranean islands.
2. The Second Punic War established Rome's total dominance of the western Mediterranean. Its aftermath saw Rome move to the east to punish Macedonia for supporting Carthage, which involved it in Greece. and the Hellenistic east.
3. The Third Punic War saw the total elimination of Carthage as a threat and competitor, allowing Rome to progressively consolidate its position in Spain, Gaul and North Africa, and to further its influence into Asia and Egypt.
What happened to Carthage in the Third Punic War?
Rome eventually wiped Carthage off the map by the end of the third punic war
Why did Hannibal attack rome and how did it end?
his father made him promise that he would hate rome with his last breath.
everything started with some territory issues in the isles arround the italic peninsule, ruled by cartaghe in that moment.
There where 3 punic wars (Rome vs Carthago) and the 3rd one ended with the Cartagho capital erased from the map. Burned and planted with salt.
Who fought in the Punic Wars and Who won?
The Punic Wars (punic = Phoenician, the Carthaginians were a Phoenician people) were between Rome and Carthage. There were three of them. Rome won all three, eventially putting an end to the problem by levelling Carthage and selling its people into slavery in 146 BCE.
Where did Hannibal cross the Pyrenees?
It toke 3 years!
The above answer is incorrect. It did not take Hannibal three years to cross the Alps. From the start of his ascent of the Alps to his arrival in Northern Italy it took 16 days according to Livy. This underscores the remarkable achievement of the crossing by Hannibal.
What problems did the punic wars create for rome?
Althoug they brought great expansion and influence, they also badly eroded the farmers who constituted the Roman army, and largely replaced them with slaves captured during the war.
This erosion of the farming class sowed the seeds of the Roman revolution. The army became comprised of the non-propertied class which looked to successful generals to get them property after wars, and these generals used this clientele to further their own position and ambitions. The civil wars went on spasmodicaly for a century until Augustus won control and reconstituted the political, social and economic structure of the empire.
In retribution for Philip of Macedonia's support of Carthage, they set out to punish him. In so doing they became embroiled in Greece and its disputes, then with Seleucid Syria in Asia Minor. Then they had to face the German population movement in Gaul, which embroiled them there, and the aftermath in Spain also led them to progressive takeover there. And so on to the Rhine and Danube and then Syria Palestine, north Africa, Egypt ...
How was Gen Hannibal able to come so close to conquering Rome?
1. Elephants
2. Tactics
3. Professional Soldiers
4. The oath he gave his father (His father made him swear an oath that once Hannibal was old enough he would be Rome's biggest enemy)
5. His men would gladly die for him (his men were very loyal)
What was the Roman naval strategy during the First Punic War?
They countered Carthaginian tactics of ramming with the Harpax - a ramp with a beak which when dropped in the opposing ship locked the ships together and allowed the superior Roman infantry to board and defeat the Cartaginian crews.
How many Roman Deaths occurred in the battle of Cannae?
Estimates of the casualties of the Battle of Cannae given by ancient historians vary. Polybius said that 70,000 Roman and allied infantrymen and 6,000 Roman and allied cavalrymen were killed and that only 357 men survived. Livy thought that 45,500 infantrymen and 2,700 cavalrymen died and that 3,000 infantrymen and 1,500 cavalrymen were captured. Appian and Plutarch said that 50,000 men were killed and Quintillian gave a figure of 60,000.
Some modern historians tend to agree with Livy's figure, others give lower estimates of 10,000 to 16,000 men killed.
There are no figures for the number of wounded men.
How Hannibal surprise the Romans?
By passing through Gaul and crossing the Alps into Italy, defeatig their armies before they could develop a clear war strategy and coordinated response.
What problems did the 2nd Punic War cause Roman Farmers?
The farmers were the backbone of the Roman army. While they were away, two things:
- They lost the produce of their land.
- Under Roman law anyone who held land without being challenged for a year gained ownership. Large landowners occupied the common land and as this is where the small-farmers fed their ploughing oxen (their farms were too small to support them) they were left unable to sustain them and plough their lands.
- The free availability of slaves provided cheap labour for the large landowners.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
Scipio was important to Rome because he chased, fought and defeated Hannibal and the threat Hannibal posed to Rome.
What was the role the Punic Wars played in the expansion of the Roman Empire?
They established Rome as the dominant power in the Western Mediterranean, and Rome's move to punish Macedonia for intervening on Carthage's side, after the Second punic War, enmeshed it in the Eastern Mediterranean.
What impact did the Punic wars have on the development of the Roman empire?
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
It could be said that the Punic wars were the beginning of the Roman empire. By winning, the Romans gained territory, trade routs, and more areas for both troop training and recruitment.
Which areas did Rome control after the Punic Wars?
Rome achieved full control of the Western Mediterranean Sea and the surrounding territory - most notably Spain and the western half of North Africa.
What animal did Hannibal use to try to invade the city of rome?
Hannibal did not attempt to attack the City of Rome - he defeated the Roman army three times in Italy.
The elephants he brought from Spain mostly died en route and so were not used in the battles.
Where did Hannibal lead his army after going over the alps?
Yes , during the second Punic War the Carthaginian General Hannibal Barca led an army through the Alps into Italy and waged war against the Romans .
What did the carthaginians and the Romans fight over in the 2nd Punic war?
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
Rome and
Rome and Carthage were fighting the Punic wars for power and to control of the Mediterranean trade.
What Hannibal use elephants in the punics wars?
Of about 40 elephants he took over the Alps, I believe all but one were smaller, Indian elephants with the one, larger, African elephant, being the exception.
Who commanded the Romans in the second Punic War?
The Romans had many commanders on land and sea, who mostly were losers.
The final winner was Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus who led the Romans to victory late in the war in Iberia and at Punic Africa
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Yes, Julius Caesar was a ruler among his other accomplishments. He ruled as a dictator, which was a legitimate position in the Roman republic.
Previously allies in the western Mediterranean, as Carthage attempted to assert dominance in Sicily, Rome ambitions to expand after dominating Italy brought it into confrontation and conflict with Carthage at Rhegium, and this escalated into the First Punic War. This led to two more wars until Rome captured Carthage and sold its people into slavery to eliminate its resilient rival.
Discharged soldiers were settled in Carthage, Spain and Macedonia.
Dispossessed landowners flocked to the cities for employment, with Rome population heading towards a million.
The expanded empire could not be controlled and defended by armies from the small landowners, and it became necessary to recruit from the non-propertied.
Rome's population became dependent on grain imports from North Africa, Egypt and Sicily as Italy could not cope.
