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Science Experiments
Experiments often conducted by students to test different scientific theories and hypotheses
11,111 Questions
What is a good title for a science fair project with energy drinks and plants?
The Effects of Different energy drinks on Plant Growth
What is wrong with the steps of Corey's experiment?
He didn't measure the weight of the log before it was burned study island
a prediction about outcome that is predited. Such as weather forecast
How do you classify the difference between a physical and chemical change?
Physical changes occur when objects or substances undergo a change that does not change their chemical composition. A physical change involves a change in physical properties. Examples of physical properties include melting, transition to a gas, change of strength, change of durability, changes to crystal form, textural change, shape, size, color, volume and density.
In theory, an infinite number of images is formed.
Now, you would notice that the images keep becoming smaller and smaller. At a certain image, due to the inaccurate position of the mirrors(it is impossible to place them exactly parallel to each other in practice), the small image will be distorted and not detected by the eye.
Another factor is that real mirrors are not actually perfect reflectors... With each reflection, a bit of light is lost, so the reflected object becomes dimmer and dimmer until it can no longer be seen.
Are air particles of sound far apart or close together?
high sound particles are near, and low sound as far apart particles.
Did anyone do a science fair project on wrestling?
Yeah I did one on if kneepads create quicker shots
So that no extra moles of NaOH were present in the flask.
What happens if you pour water into a jar full of marbles?
When you poor water into a jar full of marbles, the water will fill the spaces between the marbles; bubbles will also appear.
Whether a therapy cat has visited the patients would be the independent variable. A secondary independent variable, not as readily noticeable in this question, is whether the patients saw, touched, or otherwise interacted with a therapy cat or cats.
For example, 6 patients out of 100 patients visited by the cat were sleeping; those 6 patients never saw, touched, or interacted with the cats. The sample could not include those 6 patients.
Further, other variables would also be independent and need to be accounted for, including:
- the patient's mobility; the benefits would be harder to assess with a paralyzed patient
- the patient's mental state; the benefits would be harder to assess with a patient who is having active hallucinations or severe dementia
- the patient's medications; a patient given sedative medications would not be alert to see or interact with a therapy pet
- And, the exact behaviors being studied need to be pre-defined in order to properly assess the "outcomes".
Do all grade 6 students make a space project with planets on sticks?
no some go even farther and they get extra credit
If 159.8 ml of carboxcylic acid is reacted with 83.4 ml of alcohol whici is the limiting reagent?
To determine the limiting reagent, you need to compare the amount of each reactant in terms of moles. Convert the volumes of carboxylic acid and alcohol to moles, using the molarity of each solution. Whichever reactant produces fewer moles is the limiting reagent.
Write few lines on Sun -The Ultimate source of energy?
I don't intend to write your essay for you, but the sun created the fossil fuels we rely on, and it continues to drive our weather for wind power, as well as provide solar power.
At 93 million miles from Earth, our sun is a middling star that provides nearly all the energy on Earth. The only energy sources we have on Earth which do not come from the sun are the tides caused by the moon's gravity, radioactive materials and geothermal energy. The sun provides everything else. All the energy embodied in fossil fuels and biomass is actually the sun's energy stored as carbon.
Each minute of every day, enough sunlight falls on the Earth's surface to meet the world's energy demand for an entire year; and it's free. There are two types of solar energy that enter our atmosphere: light energy and thermal energy (or heat). We can use both types of solar energy to improve our energy efficiency.
Determination of wavelenght of sodium light using newton rings?
EXPERIMENT: 1
Object: To find the wavelength of Sodium light by Newton's ring.
Apparatus required: A Plano convex lens of large radius of curvature, optical arrangement for
Newton's rings, plane glass plate; sodium lamp and traveling microscope.
Formula used: The wavelength of light is given by the formula
λ =D n
2
+p -Dn
2 / 4pR
Where D n+p = diameter of (n+p)th ring
Dn = diameter of n th ring,
P = an integer number,
R = radius of curvature of the curved face of the Plano- convex lens.
Procedure:
(1) If a point source is used only then we require a convex lens otherwise while using
an extended source, convex lens L1 is not required.
(2) Before starting the experiment the glass plates G1 and G2 and the plano convex
lens should be thoroughly cleaned.
(3) The centre of lens L2 is well illuminated by adjusting the inclination of glass plate
G1 at 45.
(4) Focus the eyepiece on the cross-wire and move the microscope in the vertical plane
by means of rack and pin on arrangements till the rings are quite distinct. Clamp the
microscope in the vertical side.
(5) According to the theory, the centre of the interference fringes should be dark but
sometimes the centre appears white. This is due to the presence of dust particles
between glass plates G2 and plano-convex lens L2. In this case the lens should be
again cleaned.
(6) Move the microscope in a horizontal direction to one side of the fringes. Fix up the
crosswire tangential to the ring and note this reading. Again the microscope is moved in the
horizontal plane and the cross wire is fixed tangentially to the successive bright fringes noting
the vernier readings till the other side is reached. This is shown in fig. (2)
(7) The radius of curvature of the plano-convex lens is determined by Boy's method as
discussed below:
If an object is placed at the principal focus of convex lens placed over a plane mirror,
its image is formed at same point and the distance from the lens is equal to the focal length
f of the lens as shown in fig. (3i).
If the mirror is removed and the object is moved along the axis, a position will come
where the image of the object formed by the lens coincides with object as shown in fig.
(3ii). If the direction of a ray starting from O is such that it is incident normally on the
spherical surface, the ray returns to its previous path and forms the images at the same
point. Since the refracted ray is normally incident on the surface, it appears to come from the
centre of curvature C. Hence in this case TO=u and TC=v=R we have
.
Knowing the value of u, the value of R can be calculated because the value of f is already known
with the help of fig. (3i).
The radius of the curvature can also be determined by the using a spherometer. In this case
Where l is the distance between the two legs of the spherometer as shown in fig.(4). H is the
difference of the readings of the spectrometer when it is placed on the lens as well as when
placed on the plane surface.
RESULT: The mean wavelength λ of sodium light = …0 A
Standard mean wavelength λ= …0 A
Percentage Error = …%
SOURCES OF ERROR and PRECAUTION:
(1) Glass plates and lens should be cleaned thoroughly.
(2) The lens used should be of large radius of curvature.
(3) The sources of light used should be an extended one.
(4) Before measuring the diameter of rings, the range of the microscope should be properly
adjusted.
(5) Crosswire should be focused on a bright ring tangentially.
(6) Radius of curvature should be measured accurately.
VIVA- VOCE
Q.1. What is Newton's ring?
Q.2. Why are these rings circular?
Q.3. Why do you an extended source of light here?
Q.4. Why do the rings get closer as the order of the rings increase?
Q.5. On what factors does the diameter of ring depend?
Q.6. Do you get rings in the transmitted light?
Q.7. Why Is the centre of the ring dark?
Q.8. Sometimes the centre is bright. Why?
Q.9. What will happen when the glass plate is silvered on its front surface?
Q.10. What will happen when sodium lamp is replaced by white light source?
Q.11. What will happen if a few drops of a transparent liquid are introduced
between the lens and plate?
Q.12. Why do we make the light fall on the convex lens normally? What will happen
if the light incident obliquely?
Q.13. How can you determine R?
Figure1
Figure 2 Figure 3
OBSERVATION: Value of one division of the main scale=…cm.
No of division on the vernier scale=…
Least count of the microscope = …cm.
Table for determination of (D2
n+p - D2
n) :
No.
Of
The
rings
Micrometer
reading
Diameter
D=(a-b)
cm.
D2
=(a-b)2
cm2
(D2
n+p - D2
n)
cm2
Mean
Cm2
p
Left
End
a cm.
Right
End
b cm.
20
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
12
11
10
9
8
7
6
5
….
…
….
….
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
….
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
.
….
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
….
….
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
8
Table for determination of R:
S.No Position of Position of f. cm Position of
object lens placed
on plane
mirror
lens in
absence of
plane
mirror
u R = uf /f-u
.cm
1
2
3
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
Using spherometer method:
S.No Spherometer Reading
h =(b-a)
cm.
Mean h
cm.
Zero reading on plane
surface
Reading on lens
M.S V.S Total
cm.
M.S V.S Total
cm.
1
2
3
…
…
…
…
…
…
(a)
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
(b)
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
…
Distance between the two legs of spherometer l = …cms.
Calculations:
Using Boy's method:
R = uf /f-u = …cms
Using Spherometer method:
R = (l2 / h ).+ (h / 2)
The wavelength of sodium light is given by:
λ = (D2
n+p - D2
n)/ 4pR = …0 A
The value of (D2
n+p - D2
n) can also be obtained using a graph as shown in fig.(5). The graph is
plotted between the square of diameter of the ring along Y-axis and corresponding number of ring
along X-axis.
Figure 4 Graph
Practical application of marcet boiler experiment?
the dry steam produced is used in companies to dry finish products
Sample picture of soft and loud sound?
loud sound- a dog barking
soft sound- the turning of a book page
It is called the dependent variable because it depends on what the independent variable is doing.
How does air resistance affect the height of a bottle rocket?
The vertical components of the air resistance acts vertically down on it. This adds to the effect of the gravitational force. Therefore net force is increased - it slows down more rapidly and so does not rise as far.
