Speleology

The speed of a wave is a property of the medium, changing the speed would need a change in the medium itself. If the medium doesn't change as a wave moves, the wave speed is steady.

Formula: Speed = distance divided by time

That indeed is how caves develop in limestone. The solvent is rain-water weakly acidified by having absorbed atmospheric carbon-dioxide. This may be augmented by organic acids from the soil, but the Carbonic Acid is the primary reagent.

The presence of hydrogen sulfide gas in the cave can cause it to smell like rotten eggs. This gas is produced by the decay of organic matter in the absence of oxygen. It can be toxic in high concentrations.

Caves, their stalactite and stalagmite formations (calcite by precipitation & crystallising of the calcium carbonate) - and scale in kettles etc using water that has passed through the limestone uplands.

carbonic acid can react with minerals in rocks, leading to the dissolution of the minerals and erosion of the rock. This process is known as carbonic acid weathering and is a key component in the chemical weathering of rocks.

underwater caves are formed when over a period of time, tides smashes the rocks and erodes it. gradually, it forms an underwater cave.

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It's true that sea-caves, as the answer states, are formed by erosion by wave-action, and they can hold deep water, but I suspect the questioner is asking about true underwater caves. If so:

Undersea cavessuch as the Blue Holes are normal terrestrial karst caves formed in low-lying limestone at a time of depressed sea-levels (the glaciations), then drowned as sea-level rose when the ice-cover retreated.

Water-filledcaves on land areagain simply normal limestone caves, but the passages have formed vertically-sinuous profiles that trap water in "sumps",rather like the U-bend under the kitchen sink.

This type of landscape is likely a karst landscape, characterized by the presence of limestone bedrock that is easily eroded by water. Rainwater dissolves the limestone, leading to the formation of caverns, sinkholes, and deep valleys over time. Karst landscapes are common in regions with high levels of precipitation and are known for their unique topography and underground features.

Carlsbad Caverns National Park is located in the state of New Mexico, United States.

The taiga region is found only in the northern hemisphere because it thrives in colder climates, where the winters are long and harsh. The southern hemisphere lacks large landmasses at high latitudes with the necessary conditions to support a taiga biome.

Population maps are used to visualize and analyze the distribution, density, and demographic characteristics of a population in a given area. They are helpful in urban planning, resource allocation, market research, and disaster response planning. Population maps can also identify areas of growth or decline, helping policymakers make informed decisions.

Political maps are the usual term. there are many kinds, they can be color coded to delineate war boundaries- such as the extent of Nazi Occupied territories in World War 2, distribution of religious denominations (this was common in church bulletinsto exaggerate the spread of the Catholic church and avoiding deeper issues) political voting patterns Red and Blue in the recent Election, there are many applications beyond politics per se!

A cartographer is a person who makes maps.

Cave explorers are most vulnerable when they are in unfamiliar or unstable caves, or when weather conditions are extreme. Commuters are most vulnerable during peak travel times, such as rush hour, when there is increased traffic congestion and higher chances of accidents.

Caves provide shelter for animals and humans, offer protection from the elements, and can contain valuable mineral resources. They also serve as unique ecosystems with specialized species adapted to the dark and cool environment inside caves.

The process that hollows out limestone in caves is called chemical weathering. This occurs when rainwater combines with carbon dioxide in the atmosphere to create a weak carbonic acid, which gradually dissolves the limestone over time, resulting in the formation of caves and caverns.

Stalactites are formations that hang from cave ceilings. They are created when minerals in water dripping from the ceiling gradually accumulate over time, forming unique and often intricately shaped structures.

Richard Fisher faced challenges with limited light in the crystal caves, which made it difficult to capture detailed photos. Additionally, the extreme temperatures and humidity in the caves posed a threat to the delicate camera equipment he was using.

The landscape is called karst topography. This unique landscape forms when limestone bedrock is dissolved by acidic water over time, which leads to the creation of features such as sinkholes, caverns, and underground rivers. Karst topography is commonly found in regions with high levels of limestone, such as in parts of Kentucky, Florida, and China.

People used natural caves as habitation sites because they provided shelter from the elements, protection from predators, and were readily available. Caves also required minimal construction efforts compared to building structures from scratch.

Cave men and women typically did not create the caves they lived in. These early humans often sought out natural caves for shelter and protection from the elements. They may have occasionally made some modifications to the caves for their needs, such as adding fire pits or simple tools.

A totally cave-dwelling organism is called a troglobite. These species have evolved to adapt to life in complete darkness, deprived of natural light. Troglobites often have unique characteristics, such as reduced pigmentation and eyes, to suit their subterranean environment.

Some bats are capable of hanging upside down from cave ceilings using their feet. This adaptation allows them to rest or sleep in caves without needing to hold on using energy. Hanging from cave ceilings also provides bats with a vantage point for spotting prey or avoiding predators.

rock art

This type of landscape is called a karst landscape. Karst landscapes are characterized by unique landforms such as sinkholes, caves, and underground drainage systems that result from the dissolution of soluble rocks like limestone. These areas often have distinctive surface features and underground networks formed by the erosion of the limestone bedrock.

The type of landscape you're describing is a karst landscape. It is characterized by soluble bedrock such as limestone that dissolves over time to create features like caverns, sinkholes, and valleys due to the process of chemical weathering.