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Stone Castles
Questions about the stone castles that were built in the 11th century just after the motte and bailey castles. The stone castles still exist today.
543 Questions
Why did they stop building motte and bailey castles and start building square keeps?
A stone keep castle is stronger than a motte and bailey castle because motte and bailey castles were made out of wood. Stone is stronger than wood for these reasons: * Wood rots quickly (stone dosn't) * Wood burns (stone dosn't) * Wood isn't as strong as stone
Are stone keep castles the same as square keep castles?
A Square Keep castle usually sits on a hill. It only has 1 wall of defence, whereas a concentric castle usually has about 3 thick walls. Concentric's also have a keep in the middle that has a wall 2.5 metres thick!
Who built the first concentric castle?
When gunpowder and cannons were invented, castles where more used for homes and less for defence.
What is the main weaknesses of a stone keep castle?
As the square keep was Square, the corners could be easily undermined. They'd usually send some men down a hole, make them tunnel until they reached a corner of the keep, put a pigs bladder under the corner, set fire to it. It would explode/catch fire taking away the corner of the castle and could make it crumble away. Also because the keep had straight corners, your attacker would have the advantage, because you might not have been able to spot them until it was too late.
What are the pros and cons of Norman keep castles?
Here are some of the pros of Norman stone keep castles:
- They are strong
- They are big, allowing many defenders to fit inside it
- There were tall towers so attackers can't shoot up but the defenders can shoot down
- They were usually built near rivers enabling them to have a fresh water supply
Here are some cons of Norman stone keep castles:
- They were expensive to build
- They were heavy for the builders to build
- Even though the walls were tall, they attackers could still fire arrows over them
Who worked in a stone keep castle?
Castles were occupied by anyone who could afford to build one. A king might have a massive stone castle, while a lower level aristocrat might have a smaller, wooden one.
What is the difference between motte and bailey and stone keep castles?
Motte and Bailey Castles are created on a raised mound which is either natural in formation or built. At the top perimeter of the mound a wooden post fence is built and within this enclosure there is usually a watch tower built. The design probably dates back as far as the neolithic period when hill forts were constructed to protect towns.
These type of castles are temporary in nature unlike the stone keep castle which as its name implies is made of more permanent materials and is surrounded by a stone wall. Later versions of stone walled castles employed such structures as gatehouses, moats keeps and watchtowers, including the grander ones having both inner and outer courtyards.
Why is windsor castle built of stone?
It was built as defensive outpost for the Tower of London about a days
march away in 1070. Henry II converted in to stone 100 years later.
let me know if this helped
When was the shell keep castles built?
Shell Keep castles were built in the year 1172!
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Not sure where the adjective "shell" comes from, but castles with a keep - the central building in the complex, and the main accommodation - were built mainly in the few centuries of the Mediaeval period , not just in one arbitrary year.
In what periond of time were castles built?
I think castles are from 55 BC (the first crusade) to 2700 AD (Almost the end of the second crusade). Got it from http://www.languedoc-France.info/120510_timeline.htmand http://www.cardiffcastle.com/picvieworiginal.asp?Image_ID=297&language=
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You can't have a crusade in 55B.C. because Christianity didn't exist yet. Oh and you can't have it end in 2700A.D. this is because we live in 2010A.D. so they can't end in the future i know that castle building went on during the middle ages for i time period idk.
stone walls around a castle are called curtain walls. they are built for defence.
Describe the defensive features of a motte and bailey castle?
The Motte was a defensive feature to a Motte and Bailey castle because By The Time The attackers got to the top Of The Motte (a big hill where the main castle was) They would Be KNACKERED!! (I Learnt this in my history lesson!)
What were different castles between 1066 and 1500?
In the year of 1066 during the invasions of Britain Scotland and Wales castles were built in every realm to defend the city or town there these realms are now called counties of england scotland and wales such as essex wessex sussex etc
What is the Difference between the Motte and Bailey Castle and The Concentric castle?
Motte and Bailey Castles, Concentric Castles and Stone Castles protect you when you are under attack. These type of castles where used by the Normans after they had taken control of England. They built castles all around the Country. The castles got most the English men under control. The few that they hadn't got under control led rebellians to try and destroy one of the Normans' castle. The castles were too powerful and always overpowered the rebellers.
Castles were usually cold, because there was only one fireplace. To be useful, this fireplace would have to be tended continuously. However, the heat was reserved for the lord and the lady, which had left very little heat for the others in the castle. The castles were dark at night, because the only two sources of light were few lanterns (which emitted small amounts of light) and windows (which would have been useless at night, since it was dark outside). Castles were damp because that is were they kept their dungeons in the cold, wet, and damp place!
Castles were cold and damp because they were built of stone, which would be porous and absorb the moisture from outside, transferring the cold through the walls from outside. The rooms of royalty and other wealthy people were generally lined with thick tapestries and had curtained doorways to prevent drafts. Even so, the castle would have been chilly much of the time, depending on the availability of firewood for the small fireplaces.A MOTTE AND BAILEY CASTLE IS:
Motte: A motte is french for a clod of earth. The castle is built on this. Bailey: A bailey is attached to the clod of earth, via some steps and is where the soldiers of the castle sleep, like a small cottage. The castle is made out of wood and has a keep. A keep is like the lookout of a ship, but a lookout for attackers on the horizon. It is usually the safest place in the castle.
How did castles change over the centuries?
over the years castles have changed from being made of wood , for its light weight , to stone for its sturdiness. castles have changed because of both advances in technology and the fact of the enemy's getting smarter and able to defeat the new castles after their advances. the shapes of the castles have also changed to . for example on the motte and bailey castles the shape of the keep changed from being a square shape to being a round shape . this changed because the corners on the square allowed less viewing , making it a circle allowed the people inside to view from all angles, being able to watch out for the enemy's. although the shape was good on the motte and bailey castles, the material was not very good as wood could be burnt and broken easily. they needed to find a new material that could overcome the enemy's effort's.
this is when stone castles came into use. the stone was good as it could not be burnt or broken easily, but they would have to change the shape of the castle as the workers would not be able to haul the large stones up the mound of earth on the motte and bailey castles.
castle development went in this order:
motte and bailey castles
stone keep castles
concentric castles
quadrangular castles
Why were square stone castles built?
Stone keep castles were built because it wasn't going to burn or rot like Motte and Bailey castles would. Also, it would keep it the castle standing for a long amount of time.Because the Motte and Bailey castles would just burn the stone keep castles were a brilliant idea. They lasted longer, they were better defence though the only down side was that they took a lot longer to build. The wooden Motte and Bailey castles only took a week or two but the stone castles would take months.
Square keep castle are quite strong castles, as for this they built lots of them for defence the stronger the castle the better defence because square castles have round towers in each corner the pressure spreads every where and not in one place so the castle does not collapse.
How are the guest bedroom and the main bedroom laid out in the castle?
The castle or keep didn't have bedrooms or guest rooms. There was a great room where at one end was a fireplace that provided some heat. The room was used for everything including sleeping by the people living there. In the middle ages there was very little privacy.
It was built on a hill, and then houses were built around it, the castle was built there to protect the village around it.
How do i make a fence on the motte and bailey castle?
There are 3 ways to attack any castle: Siege: you surround it and wait for the defenders to run out of food. Direct attack: Either by ramming the doorway or breaking a wall by artillery or undermining. Assault: A siege tower or scaling ladders over the wall. Or of course a combination of the above. But what a castle is, by and large, is a defensive fortification, its very design & location is there to make any attack as difficult as possible and keep its inhabitants safe from enemy attack. you can also defend a motte and bailey castle by staying on the high ground and rationing your food. people got very scared and frightened of these attacks and when that happened they killed themselves.And that's it.
How were motte and bailey castles improved?
Motte and Bailey castles could have been improved by making them bigger and stronger. In fact, they did improve Motte and Bailey castles to make them bigger and stronger. To make them stronger, they made them out of stone. These castles were called Stone Keep castles (Stone castles). Also, they were much bigger. Stone Keep castles still stand today because stone doesn't rot within a few years but will last for centuries. None of the Motte and Bailey castles still stand today because they were made out of wood and would have rotted within a few years.
they would rot because wood is crap
Are stone keep castles Medieval?
Top floor :-
Areas of the Lord's family and guests.
Lord's family sleeping quarters.
2nd :-
The Great Hall
Dinning Hall
Ground :-
Guard Room
Chapel
Underground :-
Dungeon
Storeroom
Cellar
More Dungeons
Somewhere in the castle :-
Spiral Staircase
Small, long windows
Medieval lords built castles for themselves, families, staff and to provide a secure haven in a time of need such as a seige\attack by an enemy.
They eventually became large enough to hold an entire small community in a war.
How were castles defended in Medieval Times?
castles were attacked with fire (when they were wood) they were also attacked by trunks of trees with had the branches and leaves taken off. They would also have arrows set a light that they would fire at the castle and would have dead body parts off the enemies body shot at the castle too.
The manner of attack is as many and varied as there are castles. Most attacks on castles were specific to the particular castle and surrounding land. However, generally speaking, most attacks began with the laying of siege. That is, attacking forces surrounded the castle as completely as possible, keeping those inside where they were. The purpose of this was attrition. Those inside the castle could keep only so much food, and so many armaments, and without an adequate clean water supply, a defended position would not be able to last more than a week or so. When attackers determined that defenders had been softened a bit by the siege, they might attack with catapults, trebuchet, and ballista, essentially ancient artillery. Some of these artillery pieces could launch projectiles of a hundred pounds or more, and repeated pounding by projectiles often breached walls and other defenses. On occasion other projectiles were launched into cities, for psychological as well as tactical purposes. Still other cities were poisoned.
In 256 AD, Persian troops attacking the Roman fort Dura-Europos in modern day Syria dug under the walls. When Roman troops discovered the attempt to breach the perimeter, they began digging in the opposite direction, only to spring the Persian trap. The troops of Shapur I of Persia engaged in the first known chemical weapons attack by burning sulfur and bitumen and pumping the fumes by bellows into the tunnel. When Roman soldiers dug through into the Persian tunnel, they were overcome by the fumes and died, allowing the besieging army to take the fort. Mongol, Turk, and even Tsarist Russian armies launched plague ridden corpses into cities they laid to siege. The result was often a new wave of the disease that typically spread well beyond the city being attacked.
As a rule, walled positions such as castles were rarely attacked directly. Doing so typically proved to be a strategic mistake. One of the best examples of this type of error is the 2nd Battle of Fort Wagner. Fought in South Carolina 18 July 1863 during the American Civil War, by the end of the battle, nearly every Union commander had died along with more than 1,500 troops, while the defending Confederates lost only 174.
Their supplies were cut off in a few-month long siege. Diggers tunneled under the wall. People broke through the wall. Dead bodies were flung into the castle to cause disease. Least often (almost never) ladders were used to climb over the wall. Timber castles were burned down.
you could use a battering ram to knock down the door. You could use a Siege tower to fire arrows or jump onto the castle , lastly you could dig underneath the castle and let the castle fall down.
They would often isolate the castle, then attempt to starve them out with a long siege. They could also use weapons such as trebuchets or catapults, or crossbows and longbows. They could try to mine the castle, which means they would dig under it to try and knock down the walls.
their are lots of way attacking castle like
HGF
The most common method of attacking any castle was the siege - a war of attrition, the attackers would seek to cut off the fortification from the outside world, hoping that starvation and disease would force the defenders into a surrender without a shot needing to be fired. Indeed, for some of the most highly evolved castles their defenses were so strong that this might have been the only type of attack that had a significant chance of victory.
Numerous weapons of war were constructed to combat the fortifications of castles, however. Simple catapults were often used to hurl boulders at the walls with the intention of knocking them down by brute force, and more evolved catapults such as trebuchets continued this tradition.
Assaulting a castle at close-range was often extremely dangerous, but when attempted it was common for battering rams to be used, either to force open the doors where possible, or even try to weaken the structure of the walls. Ladders were risky ways of trying to climb over the top of the castle walls to assault the defenders directly. Eventually such devices as siege towers came into play - simply, these were large wooden towers, often covered with leather to protect against arrows, which were moved into position next to the walls of the castle so that attackers could climb up the ladders inside in safety.
More complicated methods of attack included sapping, whereby a tunnel would be dug directly under the walls of the tower so as to cause them to become unstable and collapse. Moats deterred many of these methods of attack, and it was a risky endeavour indeed to try and fill them in.
Ultimately, the cannon became the ultimate weapon to use against castles. The age of gunpowder effectively killed the castle.
they probobly used catapults and many bowmen! I guess it also depends on where the castle is, eg: on a hill or in the middle of a lake.
