Submarines

The USS Holland

It was intended as a simple children's song, but people continue to read way too much into it.

Yes

USS Nautilus (SSN-571) weighs approximately 2,980 tons light, and 3,520 tons full.

Diesel-electric submarine batteries have become pretty sophisticated and efficient - during WWII, only a couple of days or less between battery charges was the norm. Today, DE boats can go well over 20 days or more between charges, assuming there's no significant battery loading (flank speed maneuvers, etc.)

Destroyers, aircraft, and the convoy system.

7,636 tons

Germany had a weak navy (weak battlefleet). Nations with strong navies could conduct Guerre de Escadre (fleet actions); nations with weak navies had to revert to Guerre de Course (merchant warfare).

K-222 was laid down on December 28, 1963 and commissioned on December 31, 1969, at Severodvinsk. She was assigned to the Soviet Red Banner Northern Fleet for the duration of her career. She was the world's fastest submarine, reaching a record submerged speed of 44.7 kn (51.4 mph; 82.8 km/h) on trials.

Scientist use Sonar to map the ocean floor. Scientist use Sonar to map the ocean floor.

The whale is flexible. The submarine is not, and is therefore subject to crushing from the pressure.

eggs!!!!

Introduced undersea warfare.

They were used by the Germans to destroy British ships.

No but they may be provided for the helmsmen who control the steering and ballast wheels as these things do (mooovvve) around under tension! They do have metallic strap hangers akin to subway cars for officers and crew to hold onto during tight maneuvers, etc. By the way many Naval vessels have Bannisters on the bulkheads-walls for similar reasons, in some cases even in the wheelhouses. in damage control situations, this can be a life-ladder indeed! glug glug hope you never have to use it, but there are bannisters on the walls in many ships.

The first submersible was planned. but never built by Englishman William Bourne in 1578. The first practical one built was David Bushnell's 'Turtle' in 1766.

Submariners don't get paid hazardous duty pay for nothing; submarines are more dangerous places to work than their surface counterparts. Toxins, carcinogens, close quarters, conventional and nuclear weapons, and the unlikelihood of quick response from fleet resources in the event of a major casualty all add to the problems crews face.

I know of only 1 person I served with (my cousin, who was in the same squadron as myself) in the submarine force who left the Navy without any health problems. Everyone else I served with (including myself) wound up with some type of health problem, some serious, some deadly, some that will be a part of their lives forever. This is the reason that the submarine force is all-volunteer, and you must sign up to the fact you're volunteering for hazardous duty. Of course the caveat is that they don't tell you how hazardous until you volunteer and they process you through training.

The submarine force doesn't suffer idiots; simple mistakes can get everyone killed, as the tight spaces and limited oxygen while submerged make fires and flooding difficult to suppress. Tests on underwater hulls have shown that temperatures can approach several hundred degrees within a minute in a closed space on board a boat, and if you're in an area where you can't surface quickly (e.g., under the ice or in a sensitive area).

Radiation isn't usually a problem, but everyone is constantly monitored for exposure to ionizing radiation. Although the U.S. Navy hasn't had any problems, Russian submarine reactors were notoriously infamous during the Cold War for causing severe radiation exposure to their crews.

The chemicals used in submarine systems are toxic and in some cases carcinogenic. Over time they can take their toll. That's in addition to the normal dangers of shipboard life.

The lack of any real way of knowing the time of day (save for the meal the cooks are serving) makes for sleep issues. It's been 25 years and I still have sleep problems related to those days.

The high-stress environment and conditions also get to some, though others do well in such cases. Zero tolerance for critical mistakes (especially in engineering) makes the pressure to get it right extremely high. I've seen officers' careers ended due to a simple clerical mistake that was caught by Naval Reactors.

The list goes on, and is long and varied. You can check the link below to the Naval Submarine Medical Research Lab to see some of the health studies on submarine environments.

All boats have different dimensions, but in general Attack Submarines tend to be around 300' long, and Ballistic Missile Submarines a bit longer. The width of each boat is typically at least 30 feet or more.

There is little that can be done to actually protect undersea cables. However, as they cables come on shore they are more heavily armored with steel outer layers than the portions that are deep under the sea.

Large international cable operators expect that cables will be damaged from things like ship anchors, landslides and earthquakes. To protect against these things they install redundant cables on entire different routes. In the event of a failure the undamaged cable carries all of the traffic until repairs are made to the damaged section.

It should be noted that a number of smaller cable systems do not have redundant paths and will therefor be down until repairs are made.

Argentina had diesel-electric submarines while the British had nuclear-powered submarines.

There has never been any 'dhow submarine'

The proper term is a Fairwater or Sail. It houses the main/secondary periscopes, radio masts, snorkel mast, and diesel exhaust manifold.

Submarines would need thick, strong walls because They would have to withstand the pressure of the water that would increase the deeper they go, to do this they would need stronger and thicker materials to cope with the force (This would help keep the people safe).

3000