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Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis or TB (Tubercles Bacillus) is an infectious disease and is caused by several strains of mycobacteria. All questions concerning signs and symptoms, causes, transmission, risk factors, treatments and medications can be found here.
654 Questions
Scurvy is actually a vitamin c deficiency. Sailors often suffered from this due to lack of fresh oranges or lemons on board. Tuberculosis was a bacterial infection of mostly the lungs. Tumors would grow in the lungs. Back in the day around 1920 doctors use to remove ribs to deflate the lungs to help them heal. But back then they did not have the medicine so over a million people died.
Is there a vaccines for Tuberculosis?
Yes, there is but it's not given in all countries. The vaccine usually leaves a red bubbly mark 4 weeks after it has been given and then disappears into a faded area on the skin around 6 to 7 months later.
If you have been recently exposed, you will not be infectious for some time, if you become infectious at all. The bacteria will take a long time to grow and cause disease, and you're only infectious when you start coughing bacteria into the air. Depending on how recently you've been exposed, the test may not yet be positive if you're infected, so you can go to work, and follow up with your doctor, who will be able to tell you if and when you should limit contact with other people.
It may come under either Health and Safety or even assault laws.
ailments of respiratory system
How many died from Tuberculosis?
over 3 million people die and 8 million people develop the disease world wide
Ineffective airway clearance of pulmonary tuberculosis?
Ineffective airway clearance related to thick secretions or blood secretions, weakness, poor cough effort, edema, tracheal / pharyngeal.
Goals :
After a given airway hygiene nursing actions effectively, with the result criteria:
- Maintain the patient's airway.
- Removing secretions without help.
- Demonstrate behaviors to improve airway clearance.
- Participate in treatment programs as needed.
- Identify potential complications and appropriate action.
Read More : http://all-nurses.blogspot.com/2012/05/ineffective-airway-clearance-related-to.html
Is it possible to have mutations on the fingers due to tuberculosis in childhood?
Tuberculosis is a cover name for many diseases caused by types of mycobacteria It is possible to have mutations on fingers and hand due to tuberculosis. ie mycobacteria leprae is the mycobacteria that causes leprosy which disfigures. ie mycobacterua chelonei is the mycobacteria that can cause disfigurement of skin tissue.
What are the symptoms of tuberculosis?
- Common Cough
- Coughing up blood
- Fever
- Loss of appetite
- Weight Loss
- Night Sweats
The general symptoms of TB disease include feelings of sickness or weakness, weight loss, fever, and night sweats. The symptoms of TB disease of the lungs also include coughing, chest pain, and the coughing up of blood. Symptoms of TB disease in other parts of the body depend on the area affected.
The classic symptoms are a chronic cough with blood-tinged sputum, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. Infection of other organs causes a wide range of symptoms.
When the disease becomes active, 75% of the cases involve infection in the lungs (pulmonary TB). Symptoms include chest pain, coughing up blood, and a productive, prolonged cough for more than three weeks. Systemic symptoms include fever, chills, night sweats, appetite loss, weight loss, pallor, and fatigue.
- prolonged cough
- weight loss
- fever
- night sweats
- fatigue
- A bad cough that lasts 3 weeks or longer
- Weight loss
- Loss of appetite
- Coughing up blood or mucus
- Weakness or fatigue
- Fever
- Night sweats
What is the anatomy of tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis is caused by mycobacterium tuberculosis.
It is an acid-fast bacilli which means that it is rod-shaped and acid-fast because it retains the fuschin (pink) dye even after acid-alcohol decoloration. Histologically it will appear blue because as said it retains the fuschin stain and not the counterstain methylene blue.
The pathophysiology is due to the chronic activation of T helper and macrophages.
1. Inhalation of the MTB into the alveoli
2. Alveolar macrophage phagocytosis but NOT activated because the phagosome does not fuse with the lysosome (-> no phagolysosome formed!) This means that the MTB can continue to replicate intracellularly
3. DTH is initiated (Th1 recognize MHC of alveolar macrophage -> Th1 activation -> Release IFN-gamma -> Activate macrophage to kill it intracellularly) -> PPD test becomes positive
4. But still many inactivated - continue to replicate and the chronic activation of macrophage and Th1. Specifically, the macrophage differntiates to become epitheloid cells which walls off the pathogen
5. Now there is necrosis within the granuloma
6. When immunity is low, the tubercle liquifies and this releases MTB and its antigens, resulting to miliary TB
What body systems does tuberculosis affects and how it affects it?
the most common system it effects is the respiratory system.it is a communicable disease spread by droplets.
Strep throat and tuberculosis both are caused by contact with infected?
These illnesses are spread by contact with infected mucus.
Has tuberculosis been eradicated?
No. It still exists in all populations, but it has been controled in more advanced countries
The small points of the instrument are either coated with dried tuberculin or are used to puncture through a film of liquid tuberculin. The test is read by measuring the size of the largest papule.
What was the deadliest out of Typhoid tuberculosis smallpox and cholera in the Victorian times?
Cholera
Are pleurisy and tuberculosis the same?
No.
Pleurisy a condition where you get sharp chest pains, usually limited to a relatively small area of the chest, that is worse when you take a deep breath. It is thought to usually arise from inflammation of the lining of the lung (aka the pleura).
Tuberculosis is a specific infection that commonly affects the lung (although it can spread elsewhere). Tuberculosis is one of many causes of pleurisy.
What happens when TB spreads to the abdominal cavity?
Tuberculous peritonitis may cause pain ranging from the vague discomfort of stomach cramps to intense pain that may mimic the symptoms of appendicitis.
XDR or extremely drug resistant tuberculosis is at a form of tuberculosis which does not respond to usual tb treatment.
When was Tuberculosis serious?
TB is still a very serious disease. Before antibiotics, Tuberculosis was fatal and almost everyone who contracted it died. but now, we have special antibiotics to help treat it. However, TB is an extremely difficult bacterium to get rid of, and it is still considered a serious disease.
