UK History

He became a Tory MP (Member of Parliament) in 1826, and almost immediately became a leader of the movement for factory reform. He was responsible for promoting a plethora of reform causes, including the Factory Acts of 1847 and 1853, the Ten Hour Bill, as well as the Mines and Collieries Act 1842 and the Lunacy Act 1845. One of his chief interests was the welfare of children, and he was chairman of the Ragged Schools Union and a keen supporter of Florence Nightingale. He was also involved as patron and president in the field of model dwellings companies, which sought to improve the housing of working classes in England.

Shaftesbury was a proponent of the Restoration of the Jews to the Holy Land. In January 1839, Shaftesbury published an article in the Quarterly Review, which provided the first proposal by a major politician to resettle Jews in Palestine.

Lord Ashley Shaftesbury is honored together with William Wilberforce on the liturgical calendar of the Episcopal Church (USA) on July 30.

Very few: The great majority of the Empire is now the Commonwealth. Gibraltar is one example of somewhere which has, by self determination, retained British staus, the same applies to the Falkland Islands. Mozambique is the only member of the Commonwealth which was never a British colony.

The social change that occurred in Great Britain when the middle and working classes learned of the political freedoms granted to US citizens was an increase in demands for political reform and expanded rights. This led to movements advocating for greater democracy, voting rights, and better working conditions for the lower classes. It also contributed to the growth of labor unions and the eventual expansion of suffrage in Britain.

In British slang, a quid is equivalent to one pound sterling. It is a slang term commonly used to refer to money in the UK.

Oh, isn't that an interesting question! In the Victorian times, some people did try to escape from prisons, just like in any other time period. But remember, it's always better to face challenges head-on and work towards positive solutions. Let's focus on creating happy little moments instead of dwelling on the past.

During the Victorian era, it was considered improper to use the word "leg" in polite conversation, so terms such as "limb," "lower extremity," or even "limb of the body" were commonly used instead. This modesty was characteristic of the Victorian attitude toward discussing certain body parts openly.

Yes, women were indeed sent to prisons during Victorian times in the 19th century for various crimes. Women prisoners faced harsh conditions and were often housed separately from male prisoners. The prison system for women during the Victorian era aimed at carrying out moral reform and instilling discipline.

Policemen were called "bobbies" in Victorian times after Sir Robert Peel, the founder of the Metropolitan Police in London in 1829. The 'bobbies' were named after his first name, Robert, and this term eventually became synonymous with police officers in the UK.

Potholes are an increasingly common problem associated with roads. They have become a great source of irritation for most local councils and municipalities, as they do not generally have the people and materials to effectively fix them. Although it is easy to repair potholes, when repairs are made incorrectly the potholes quickly reopen and become a recurring problem, wasting valuable of resources.

Victorian Prisons and Workhouses were generally appalling places to be, and absolutely disgusting conditions. See the websites in the related links for examples.

This next one is a teacher resource sheet, and it has lots of information.

Crimes such as murder, treason, burglary, and arson were punishable by hanging during Victorian times in England. The laws were strict, and capital punishment was seen as a deterrent for serious crimes.

One of the worst Victorian punishments was transportation, where convicted criminals were sent to penal colonies in Australia. This punishment often meant being separated from family and enduring harsh conditions in a foreign land. Other severe punishments included public floggings and long periods of hard labor.

In Victorian times, prisoners were commonly employed in hard labor tasks such as breaking stones, quarrying, road construction, and other public works projects. They were also sometimes employed in manufacturing tasks within the prison walls, such as weaving, tailoring, and metalwork. Additionally, prisoners could be assigned to work on prison farms or in workshops making goods for sale.

Victorians had a fascination with savages as they were seen as exotic and primitive. They were often studied by anthropologists and were a source of fascination in literature and art during the Victorian era. The Victorians used these depictions of savages to reflect on their own society and values.

In the Victorian era, criminals could face harsh punishments such as imprisonment, transportation to penal colonies, or even execution. The criminal justice system emphasized deterrence and punishment to maintain law and order in society. Reforms later in the era led to the establishment of prisons focused on rehabilitation and reformation.

Amos Wilson passed away in 1995 from a heart attack. He was a prominent African-American psychologist, author, and social theorist known for his work on issues of race, education, and economic empowerment in the Black community.

Charles Dickens is a famous author who wrote about London in the 19th century. His novels, such as "Oliver Twist" and "David Copperfield," vividly depict the social conditions and character of the city during that time period.

Some famous Scottish Victorians include writer Robert Louis Stevenson, scientist Sir James Clerk Maxwell, and engineer Thomas Stevenson. They made significant contributions to literature, science, and engineering during the Victorian era.

Children in the Victorian era often sold items like matches, flowers, newspapers, and shoelaces on the streets. Some children also resorted to begging or engaging in petty theft to survive.

Victorian children in the evening would typically have dinner with their families, participate in indoor activities such as reading, playing games, or doing chores, and then prepare for bed. Some children may also attend evening social gatherings or events if their families permitted.

Victorians wrote articles on a wide range of topics in their newspapers, including news about politics, society, culture, and economics. They also covered local events, crime reports, editorials, serialized fiction, and advancements in technology and science. Additionally, newspapers contained advertisements, letters to the editor, and opinion pieces.

Their treatment in Shakespeare's day was better than it would be in later centuries, but not perhaps as good as it is now. Shakespeare gives a number of examples of bastards in his plays including Falconbridge in King John and Edmund in King Lear. Edmund clearly resents the lower status his bastardy gives him, but he is acknowledged and supported by his father. Their disadvantage was chiefly in their inability to inherit from their natural father, even if they were acknowledged.

In the late 19th century, there were changes in labor laws and increased awareness of child welfare that led to the gradual decline of child labor in Victorian England. The Education Acts of 1870 and 1880 also played a role in sending children to school rather than factories or mines.

There have been a number of different London Bridges over the past 2000 years. The one to which the nursery rhyme refers is the one started by engineer John Rennie in 1825 and finished in 1831. The design was superior, containing only five high arches, and constructed from strong Dartmoor granite. It was opened by King William the fourth in 1831. When it became necessary to widen the bridge some 70 years later, this process weakened the bridge's foundations to the point where it began sinking an inch every eight years. In 1968, it was auctioned and sold for $2,460,000 to Robert McCulloch who moved it to Havasu City, Arizona, where it was rebuilt brick by brick, and finally opened and dedicated on 10 October 1971.