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US President Harry Truman never published or set in place an organized set of policy restrictions and presidential privilege doctrine on information it deemed to be confidential for the benefit of the USA as a whole. It, instead, handled various requests for information by Congress on a case by case situation. With that said, in 1949, a member of the US Department of Justice, attorney Herman Wolkinson, writing on his own published a detailed and historical set of arguments on the overall policy concerning executive privilege. In his treatise, Wolkinson did not set forth a policy that separated presidential power to withhold information as opposed to presidential rights, meaning lawful rights protected by the US Constitution. Rights and power of discretion are clearly two different types of policy on presidential withholding of information. Because of this, Wolkinson's work never became official doctrine of the Truman administration. Further to this point, Wolkinson's treatise was examined internally by the Department of Justice and found it to be lacking and unsupported by case law. Thus, without such support, it was discarded as being of no value.

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