The Radical Republican

Answer 1

The Radical Republicans were that part of the Congress who gainsaid with the Reconstruction Plan of President Lincoln in the aftermath of the American Civil War. However after the assassination of Abraham Lincoln, his Vice President Andrew Johnson took over as the next President of the United States. His viewpoints and strategies were more in sync with the Radical Republicans, according to whom the South should be punished severely for being responsible for all the catastrophes that took place during the American Civil War.
Radical Republicans during the middle of the 19th century in the United States were called "radicals" for two main reasons:

1. They were insistent that Catholicism and slavery were a threat to freedom in the United States; and

2. They were religious Protestants who believed that all other religions were not viable.

Answer 2

The Radical Republicans were a faction of American politicians within the Republican Party from about 1854 until 1877. They called themselves "radicals" and were opposed during the war by moderates and conservative factions led by Abraham Lincoln and after the war by self-styled "conservatives" (in the South) and "liberals" (in the North). The Opposed Slavery and distrusted the South after the Civil War.

They Attempted to pass the Wade-Davis Bill which made re-admittance to the Union for former Confederate states contingent on a majority in each Southern state to take the Ironclad Oath to the effect they had never in the past supported the Confederacy. Lincoln Vetoed it.