Zama
He was a citizen of Carthage, on the African coast, who spent years fighting against the Romans and who occupied northern Italy for a time seeking a truce with the Romans. The Romans were tricky and thought if they attacked Carthage that Hannibal would be forced to leave Italy and return to North Africa to defend is homeland. The trick worked and Hannibal returned to North Africa. He left his elephants in the care of several Zoos in Italy.
Hannibal returned to Africa from Croton (present day Crotone) in Calabria (the toe of Italy). He established his winter camps in this city during the three years he was stuck in Calabria. Hannibal also inscribed a record of his expedition in bronze tables in Greek and Phoenician at the temple of Juno of this city.
Hannibal returned to Africa from Croton (present day Crotone) in Calabria (the toe of Italy). He established his winter camps in this city during the three years he was stuck in Calabria. Hannibal also inscribed a record of his expedition in bronze tables in Greek and Phoenician at the temple of Juno of this city.
After the Second Punic War Hannibal was elected leader of Carthage. He weakened the power of the council of judges which had become a dictatorial force, fought corruption and the privileges of the aristocracy and restored the economy of Carthage. Some aristocrats accused Hannibal of planning an alliance against Rome with Antiochus III the king of the Seleucid Empire which was centred on Syria who was planning a war against Rome. The Romans set up a commission of enquiry. Hannibal went into voluntary exile and fled to the court of Antiochus. He became his military advisor during the Roman-Syrian War. He commanded the Seleucid flee in two naval battles in which he was defeated. When Antiochus seemed prepared to hand him to the Romans in the course of peace negotiations, Hannibal took refuge at the court of Prusias I, the king of Bithynia (in north-western Turkey), who was engaged in a war with King Eumenes II of Pergamon (in western Turkey) a Roman ally. Hannibal won a naval battle and two land battles against Pergamon. The Romans threatened Prusias into handing over Hannibal. Rather than facing this fate, Hannibal poisoned himself. His words before dying were: "Let us relieve the Romans from the anxiety they have so long experienced, since they think it tries their patience too much to wait for an old man's death."
Zama
He invaded North Africa, threatening Carthage. Hannibal had to return from Italy threatening Rome to defend Carthage.
Roman Scipio Africanus had shipped an army to North Africa to threaten Carthage.
By invading North Africa, Rome forced Hannibal to pull out of Italy so he could defend Carthage.
He was a citizen of Carthage, on the African coast, who spent years fighting against the Romans and who occupied northern Italy for a time seeking a truce with the Romans. The Romans were tricky and thought if they attacked Carthage that Hannibal would be forced to leave Italy and return to North Africa to defend is homeland. The trick worked and Hannibal returned to North Africa. He left his elephants in the care of several Zoos in Italy.
Scipio Africanus undertook a campaign in what the Romans called Africa (Tunisia and western Libya), Carthage's homeland. The purpose was to force Hannibal out of Italy. It worked because Carthage recalled Hannibal to fight Scipio, who defeated him at the battle of Zama. After initial stunning victories Hannibal got bogged down in southern Italy and was confined there by the Roman legions. When his brother Hasdrubal, who was bringing reinforcements and siege machines from Spain (the power base of Hannibal), was intercepted and routed in central Italy, Hannibal withdrew to the easily defensible mountains of Calabria (the toe of Italy). He was stuck there for four years.
Hannibal returned to Africa from Croton (present day Crotone) in Calabria (the toe of Italy). He established his winter camps in this city during the three years he was stuck in Calabria. Hannibal also inscribed a record of his expedition in bronze tables in Greek and Phoenician at the temple of Juno of this city.
Hannibal returned to Africa from Croton (present day Crotone) in Calabria (the toe of Italy). He established his winter camps in this city during the three years he was stuck in Calabria. Hannibal also inscribed a record of his expedition in bronze tables in Greek and Phoenician at the temple of Juno of this city.
It is his duty
Mark Twain moved to Hannibal, MO in 1839. Hope this helps :)
After the Second Punic War Hannibal was elected leader of Carthage. He weakened the power of the council of judges which had become a dictatorial force, fought corruption and the privileges of the aristocracy and restored the economy of Carthage. Some aristocrats accused Hannibal of planning an alliance against Rome with Antiochus III the king of the Seleucid Empire which was centred on Syria who was planning a war against Rome. The Romans set up a commission of enquiry. Hannibal went into voluntary exile and fled to the court of Antiochus. He became his military advisor during the Roman-Syrian War. He commanded the Seleucid flee in two naval battles in which he was defeated. When Antiochus seemed prepared to hand him to the Romans in the course of peace negotiations, Hannibal took refuge at the court of Prusias I, the king of Bithynia (in north-western Turkey), who was engaged in a war with King Eumenes II of Pergamon (in western Turkey) a Roman ally. Hannibal won a naval battle and two land battles against Pergamon. The Romans threatened Prusias into handing over Hannibal. Rather than facing this fate, Hannibal poisoned himself. His words before dying were: "Let us relieve the Romans from the anxiety they have so long experienced, since they think it tries their patience too much to wait for an old man's death."
If Hannibal would have won the Battle of Zama, this would not have made a big difference to the outcome of the Second Punic War. Hannibal's campaign in Italy had already come to a dead end. He has already lost two main cities in the south of Italy which had allied with him (Capua) or conquered by him (Tarentum). He had been further weakened by the Roman legions and got stuck in southern Italy. The army of his brother (Hasdrubal) which was bringing reinforcements and siege machines from Spain, had been destroyed in central Italy. As a result, Hannibal withdrew to the easily defensible mountains of Calabria (the toe of Italy). Scipio's Afircanus' victory against the Carthaginians in southern Spain led to the loss of the Carthaginian territories there (which were Hannibal's power base), which mean that Hannibal could no longer hope for further reinforcements from there. Hannibal had been confined to Calabria for four years. The point of Scipio Africanus taking the war to Africa (Tunisia), Carthage's homeland, was to force Hannibal to leave Italy. Carthage recalled Hannibal to Africa to to defend the city. Therefore, even if Scipio had lost the Battle of Zama, he would have still achieved his objective of getting Hannibal out of Italy. He would have probably just returned to Sicily.