Prior to the 1500s, the Church was looked to as the authority on knowledge. Unlike today, where thousands of Christian sects exist, prior to the 1500s and Martin Luther's Reformation, there was only one Christian Church in existence, led by the Pope, whom Christians all over Europe understood to possess infallibility, which was why they had authority on knowledge. Only with the secession of Martin Luther and the rise of Protestantism did confusion begin to flourish as to who or what was the final authority of knowledge. But from the 1st to 15th century AD, it was understood to be the Church.
Most knowledge and education was administered by the Church prior to A.D. 1500, and even rulers bowed to the Church as they realized that their final destination was not on this earth. So final authority rested with the Bishops and the Holy Father in Rome, at least in the Western world from roughly A.D. 340-1500.
The states.
the constitution
Who had the final authority over the colonists, royal governors, colonial legislatures, citizens themselves, the English monarch
they had to try all of the other 'Solutions', hence the Final in the 'Final Solution'.
either the house of senate or the speaker of house because those the ones who speak the most.
The church was considered the final word of knowledge and the rudimentary science they allowed to take place.
The final authority in the federal system is the Supreme Court.
The final authority over what? The answer to this question depends on the subject under discussion.
the Congress has the final authority to determine the number of seats for each state.
You do. The pilot in command always has final authority, and when you're flying solo You Are It.
The Supreme Court has the final authority to determine the number if seats for each state.
When the Supreme Court issues a ruling, there is no further avenue of appeal. That makes them the final authority.
Yes, in football, the referee has the authority to make the final call.
Sovereignty
The states.
the constitution
the president