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How did the Arabic language and Muslim leaders help preserve and advance the world's knowledge?
Wiki User
∙ 7y ago
In the early days of Islam, while there was a certain priority on lesser jihad, which is the spread and protection of the faith, by violent means if necessary, the primary focus was on greater jihad, or the internal struggle with oneself. Part of that was the gaining of "ilm", "knowledge".
When Islam spread to a new land, it was common for the new Muslim rulers to gather the texts of that land, translate them into Arabic, and disseminate that information to all his Islamic brethren, protecting that knowledge. This knowledge was also furthered by the application and connection of concepts learned from ancient documents. For instance, Muslim mathematicians applied Indic numerals, the decimal system, and the concept of "zero" (from India) to Euclid's Geometry (from Greece) and created the science of algebra. They were also among the first to scientifically study the heavens, based on observations made by ancient astrologers, astronomers, and geographers, which is why many of the stars carry Arabic names.
Later, during Late Medieval and Renaissance periods in Europe, these texts were translated back into European languages (which is why, where many historical texts are concerned, there is some controversy about mistranslation. At the point that some of these texts came back to Europe, they were on their 3rd, 4th, or 5th translation between languages.)
Lesly Jaskolski
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