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Toluene + HNO3/H2SO4 --> p-nitrotoluene (para directed nitration)
p-nitrotoluene + Zn/HCl --> p-aminotoluene (changing NO2 to NH2 by reduction)
p-aminotoluene +Br2 --> bromination ortho to NH2
Remove NH2 via diazonium salt and decomposition with 1) HONO (which is NaNO2+HCl), 2) H3PO2 for the final product.
Wiki User
∙ 14y ago
Wiki User
∙ 8y agoFirst toluene must be oxidized with potassium permanganate to obtain benzoic acid.
Benzoic acid is treated with soda-lime and sodium benzoate is formed.
Sodium benzoate react with sodium hydroxide and benzene is prepared.
Wiki User
∙ 10y agoBy the Friedel Crafts reaction of benzene with methyl chloride and anhydrous aluminium chloride.
Wiki User
∙ 12y agoOxidize the Toluene into Benzoic acid by using KMnO4 and then decarboxylation of benzoic acid with the help of Sodalime produces Benzene.
Wiki User
∙ 10y agoUsing Wurtz-Fittig reaction of chloro benzene with methyl chloride and sodium metal.
However, it is likely that there will be ethane and biphenyl as byproducts.
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Why does benzene have a lower boiling point but a much higher melting point than toluene?
Benzene has a lower boiling point than toluene because it has weaker intermoleclar forces. Benzene has a higher melting point than toluene because it is more symmetrical.
Why nitration of toluene is easier than benzene?
Hi ,As you know from the structures of both the compounds that toluene has a methyl group on the benzene ring which is electron releasing group and hence activate the benzene ring by pushing the elctrons on the benzene ring. On the other hand nitro group on the benzene ring is electron withdrawing group which deactivates the benzene ring by withdrawing the electrons from the benzene ring . Now in the nitration attack of the nucleophile ( NO2 +) takes place. Hence reaction will takes place on that benzene faster which have more electron density on its ring which is the case of toluene.
What is more volatile benzene or toluene?
Yes. The methyl group on toluene causes a shift in electron density making it polar. Benzene is non-polar and has uniform distribution of charge density and has no dipole moment. Toluene, though, would not be more polar than a phenol because the more electronegative oxygen atom (in the alcohol) pulls more electron density from the ring causing a larger dipole moment (separation of charge).
What products contain benzene?
Benzene is a natural component of fuels such as gasoline, and additional benzene is sometimes added to increase the octane rating of gasoline. Benzene was widely used as a solvent in chemical laboratories, but has mostly been replaced by toluene for this function in the years since the ability of benzene to cause cancer was demonstrated. For this reason it has also largely been removed from consumer products. Benzene continues to be used as a raw materials in the manufacture of other chemicals, such as styrene, phenol and cyclohexane. In these applications, when used efficiently, the finished product is essentially free of benzene. Benzene is also used in the manufacture of rubber, lubricants, dyes, detergents, drugs, explosives and pesticides.
How do air freshener emissions affect the indoor environment?
Air freshener can impact indoor air quality by adding potentially hazardous pollutants to the air. The use of Air fresheners is associated with elevated levels of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), such as formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, benzene, toluene, ethyl benzene, and xylenes, in indoor air.
Is toluene and benzene are soluble?
Yes. Toluene and benzene are each soluble in the other. Neither is soluble in water.
Where do Benzene and Toluene come from?
crude
Why does benzene have a lower boiling point but a much higher melting point than toluene?
Benzene has a lower boiling point than toluene because it has weaker intermoleclar forces. Benzene has a higher melting point than toluene because it is more symmetrical.
What is relationship among benzene Toluene and Xylene?
They are all homologues that contain a benzene ring
What are some examples of things that aren't solvents?
pentane, hexane, benzene, toluene, and octane
Does every solvent contain benzene or toluene?
Certainly not!
Are toluene and benzene polar or nonpolar?
nonpolar biatch
Does toluene contain benzene?
Less than 0.01%
Acidified potassium permanganate reaction with toluene equation?
toluene is benzene with CH3 reacting this with KMnO4 in acidic solution will produce a benzene with a carboxylic acid (CH3 will be oxidized)
Why is it that aniline has a high boiling point to phenol and phenol has a high boiling point than toluene and toluene has a high boiling point than benzene?
It s the structure and bonding of Aniline, Phenol, Benzene and Toluene that causes the differences in the boiling points.
Why nitration of toluene is easier than benzene?
Hi ,As you know from the structures of both the compounds that toluene has a methyl group on the benzene ring which is electron releasing group and hence activate the benzene ring by pushing the elctrons on the benzene ring. On the other hand nitro group on the benzene ring is electron withdrawing group which deactivates the benzene ring by withdrawing the electrons from the benzene ring . Now in the nitration attack of the nucleophile ( NO2 +) takes place. Hence reaction will takes place on that benzene faster which have more electron density on its ring which is the case of toluene.
What are non examples of polarity?
pentane, hexane, benzene, toluene, and octane
