Hemophilia is a X linked recessive disorder. Usually the mother is an unaffected carrier and her son unfortunately receives the X chromosome in which hemophilia is linked to.
The X Chromosome
The genes associated with Hemophilia A and B are located on the X chromosome, which is one of the 2 sex chromosomes. For males, who have only 1 X chromosome, 1 altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause hemophilia. In females, who have 2 X chromosomes, a mutation would have to occur in both copies of the gene to cause hemophilia. Since it is unlikely that females will have 2 altered copies of this gene it is therefor very rare for females to have hemophilia.
Sex-linked genes
the X chromosome
The genes associated with Hemophilia A and B are located on the X chromosome, which is one of the 2 sex chromosomes. For males, who have only 1 X chromosome, 1 altered copy of the gene in each cell is sufficient to cause hemophilia. In females, who have 2 X chromosomes, a mutation would have to occur in both copies of the gene to cause hemophilia. Since it is unlikely that females will have 2 altered copies of this gene it is therefor very rare for females to have hemophilia.
The X chromosome. That's why it's more common in males; females have 2 X chromosomes, but males only have 1. So if a woman has the hemophilia mutation on one of her chromosomes, she probably won't be affected by it.
when does the duplication of chromosomes occur?
hemophilia
A carrier for hemophilia refers to a female that has the genetic mutation for the disorder on one of her two X chromosomes. This means that she can pass the mutation on (with a 50% chance) to her children.
The gene for hemophilia A is found on the X chromosome (it is a sex-linked recessive disorder). Women have two X chromosomes and men have one X chromosome. A woman with hemophilia (very rare) would have the mutated gene on both of her X chromosomes. This means that all of their children, both male and female would have hemophilia.
Since Hemophilia A is an "X Chromosome" disease and women have two "X" Chromosomes, women with only one "X" Chromosome with the disorder would be carriers of the disease but not affected by it. Women with both "X" Chromosomes with the disorder would be very rare.
waht changes in the chromosomes occur during meiosis
Chromosomes normally occur as homologous pairs in a diploid cell. These refers to matching pairs of chromosomes which are found in the cell.