What languages are related to Hebrew?

Answer 1

Hebrew has more than 100 related languages, but most are extinct. The languages that are related to Hebrew (with their current status) are:

1. Akkadian - extinct
2. Amorite - extinct
3. Aramaic, Jewish Middle Palestinian - extinct
4. Aramaic, Samaritan - live descendants
5. Aramaic, Christian Palestinian - extinct
6. Aramaic, Biblical - extinct
7. Aramaic, Hatran - extinct
8. Aramaic, Jewish Middle Babylonian - now extant only in Talmud-study
9. Canaanite languages Ammonite - extinct
10. Eblaite - extinct
11. Ugaritic - extinct
12. Moabite - extinct
13. Edomite - extinct
14. Hebrew, Biblical - Used in the study and public reading of the Torah.
15. Hebrew, Mishnaic - Used in the study of Talmud and other Rabbinic writings.
16. Hebrew, Medieval
17. Hebrew, Samaritan - Used by the Samaritans in Holon, Tel Aviv and Nablus.
18. Hebrew, Ashkenazic
19. Hebrew, Teimani - Spoken mainly by Yemenite Jews.
20. Hebrew, Modern - Spoken mostly in Israel. Mizrahi Hebrew - Modern Hebrew with accent influence of Sephardi and Teimani Hebrew - Spoken in Israel, Yemen, Iraq, Puerto Rico, New York etc.
21. Phoenician - extinct
22. Punic - extinct
23. Nabataean - extinct
24. Syriac - live descendants
25. Chaldean Neo-Aramaic - live descendants
26. Assyrian Neo-Aramaic - live descendants
27. Senaya - live descendants
28. Koy Sanjaq Surat - live descendants
29. Hertevin - live descendants
30. Turoyo - live descendants
31. Mlahso - extinct
32. Mandaic - live descendants
33. Judaeo-Aramaic - live descendants
34. Ancient North Arabian - extinct
35. Arabic Fus'ha - (اللغة العربية الفصحى literally "eloquent"), the written language, divided by specialists into: Classical Arabic - the language of the Qur'an and early Islamic Arabic literature,
36. Arabic, Middle - a generic term for premodern post-classical efforts to write Classical Arabic, characterized by frequent hypercorrections and occasional lapses into more colloquial usage. Not a spoken language.
37. Arabic, Modern Standard - modern literary (non-native) language used in formal media and written communication throughout the Arab World, differing from Classical Arabic mainly in numerous neologisms for concepts not found in medieval times, as well as in occasional calques on idioms from Western languages.
38. Arabic, Numerous Modern spoken dialects - roughly divided by the Ethnologue into: Eastern Arabic dialects Arabian Peninsular dialects Dhofari Arabic - Oman/Yemen
39. Hadrami Arabic - Yemen
40. Hejazi Arabic - Saudi Arabia
41. Najdi Arabic - Saudi Arabia
42. Omani Arabic
43. Sana'ani Arabic - Yemen
44. Ta'izzi-Adeni Arabic - Yemen
45. Judeo-Yemeni Arabic
46. Bedouin/Bedawi Arabic dialects Eastern Egyptian Bedawi Arabic
47. Peninsular Bedawi Arabic - Arabian Peninsula
48. Central Asian dialects Central Asian Arabic
49. Khuzestani Arabic
50. Shirvani Arabic- extinct
51. Egyptian Arabic dialects - Egypt, Palestinian territories Sa'idi Arabic - Upper Egypt
52. Gulf Arabic dialects - includes speakers in Iran Bahrani Arabic - Bahrain
53. Gulf Arabic - Persian Gulf (all bordering countries)
54. Shihhi Arabic - United Arab Emirates
55. Levantine Arabic dialects Cypriot Maronite Arabic
56. North Levantine Spoken - Lebanon, Syria Lebanese Arabic
57. South Levantine Spoken - Jordan, Palestinian territories, Israel Palestinian Arabic
58. Iraqi Arabic - Iraq Judeo-Iraqi Arabic
59. Sudanese Arabic
60. Maghrebi Arabic dialects Algerian Arabic
61. Saharan Arabic
62. Shuwa Arabic - Chad
63. Hassānīya Arabic - Mauritania and Saharan area
64. Libyan Arabic Judeo-Tripolitanian Arabic - spoken by Libyan Jews
65. Andalusian Arabic Old Iberian Arabic - extinct
66. Siculo-Arabic - Sicily, extinct Maltese language - a genetic descendant of the extinct Siculo-Arabic variety.
67. Moroccan Arabic Judeo-Moroccan Arabic
68. Tunisian Arabic Judeo-Tunisian Arabic
69. Old South Arabian - extinct, formerly believed to be the linguistic ancestors of modern South Arabian and Ethiopian Semitic languages (for which see below) Sabaean - extinct
70. Minaean - extinct
71. Qatabanian - extinct
72. Hadhramautic - extinct
73. North Ge'ez (Ethiopic) - extinct, liturgical use in the Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo and Eritrean Orthodox Tewahedo Churches
74. Tigrinya - Language of Ethiopia and Eritrea
75. Tigré- Language of Eritrea
76. Dahlik language - "newly discovered"
77. South Transversal Amharic-Argobba Amharic - national language of Ethiopia
78. Argobba language of Ethiopia
79. Harari-East Gurage Harari language of Ethiopia
80. East Gurage language of Ethiopia Selti (also spelled Silt'e) language of Ethiopia
81. Zway (also called Zay)
82. Ulbare
83. Wolane
84. Inneqor
85. Outer n-group: Gafat - extinct
86. Soddo (also called Kistane)
87. Goggot
88. tt-group: Mesmes - extinct
89. Muher
90. West Gurage Masqan
91. CPWG Central Western Gurage: Ezha
92. Chaha
93. Gura
94. Gumer
95. Peripheral Western Gurage: Gyeto
96. Ennemor
97. Endegen
98. Bathari
99. Harsusi
100. Hobyot
101. Jibbali (also called Shehri)
102. Mehri
103. Soqotri - on the islands of Socotra, Abd el Kuri and Samhah (Yemen) and in the UAE.