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Colligative propertiesDissolving something in water which does not evaporate easily will make the mixed solution less likely to evaporate than pure water. The more stuff you add to it, the less likely it will evaporate.

Adding salt to water makes ions in solution and these ions reduce the vapor pressure of the solution compared to pure water. The lower the vapor pressure of a liquid or solution, the slower it will evaporate. This effect is also related to boiling point elevation and freezing point depression.

The following is taken from the site listed to the left of this answer, but that page has a lot of additional information, and this is the most important part. This is the real reason the vapor pressure of salt solutions are decreased:

"The reason dissolved solutes (such as salt) increase boiling point is that the solute must come out of solution in order for the water to boil. This costs entropy (the entropy of solution). Boiling is entropically driven, hence the reduction in the net entropy gain of boiling results in a higher temperature needed for the reaction to go. To put it without jargon: for a little packet of water with dissolved salt to turn to steam the salt atoms must, in the course of their random zooming about, ALL simultaneously leave the packet. This is not a likely event. It becomes more likely as the temperature (i.e. the average speed of zooming about) becomes higher, though, and at a certain temperature above the ordinary boiling point it becomes sufficiently likely to allow boiling in spite of the handicap. You can also see that the effect will naturally increase with the concentration of dissolved solutes (i.e. the number of salt atoms per packet that must simultaneously leave)."

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14y ago

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