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Usually a faulty startup capacitor.
yes you can but, the compressor may not run as well and the capacitor may smoke and break if the compressor runs for an extended period of time so, make sure you check it the first couple of time you use the compressor.
Common wire of the potential relay goes to the compressor contactor. (5) Start wire of the potential relay goes to compressor run capacitor. (2) Run wire of the potential relay goes to the start capacitor. (1)
the start relay helps the compressor start up then takes itself out of play when the compressor gets going. The older units will have a capacitor and a relay mounted in the control panel and the new ones are all in one...you just parallel the run capacitor.
You would do better looking on the compressor name tag than relying on an answer you`d get here.
It could be that the outdoor fan is not turning causing the compressor to overheat and shut down on overload or your outdoor unit may need to be hosed off. You could have a faulty run capacitor. If you do need a new compressor you have to consider the age of your unit, the need to replace the indoor unit, and your financial situation. The cost of a compressor is over 500.00 in my area, then you have the labor, refrigerant recovery, and misc charges. It could bring the total of the job to 1000.00. Complete change out could run between 5000 and 8000 depending on size of equipment and geographical locale.
Yes
bad clutches
Check to see if the capacitor is good. It is usually located inside the outdoor unit. It could be that the capacitor is bad and needs replacing. The outdoor fan will still run if you have a dual capacitor. One sure sign of a blown capacitor is that the top of the capacitor is bowed outward. If you have a multimeter you could also check the amp draw on the condensing unit. I would look at the capacitor first though
No
The run capacitor is used when the load is functional while the start capacitor is used to produce the initial torque to drive the load.
It won't hurt the engine, But it can cause it not to run are even start.