Sickle cell hemoglobin differs from normal hemoglobin primarily due to a single amino acid substitution in the hemoglobin protein chain. In sickle cell disease, a person inherits two copies of an abnormal hemoglobin gene, usually referred to as HbS.
In normal hemoglobin (HbA), the amino acid glutamic acid is present at a specific position in the beta chain of the hemoglobin protein. However, in sickle cell hemoglobin (HbS), this glutamic acid is replaced by valine due to a genetic mutation. This change causes the hemoglobin molecules to stick together under certain conditions, forming long, rigid structures that distort red blood cells into a sickle or crescent shape.
The condition is called sickle cell trait. This occurs when an individual inherits one sickle cell gene and one normal hemoglobin gene, resulting in milder symptoms compared to sickle cell disease.
rr since sickle cell is a recessive trait.
Hemoglobin SS disease (Hb SS)
People who are heterozygous for sickle cell disease possess one normal hemoglobin gene and one sickle hemoglobin gene, which allows them to produce enough normal red blood cells to prevent symptoms of the disease. This condition, known as sickle cell trait, provides some protection against malaria, as the presence of sickle hemoglobin can interfere with the parasite's life cycle within red blood cells.
A person with one sickle cell gene and one normal hemoglobin gene has sickle cell trait, which can provide some protection against malaria. This advantage makes them more capable of surviving in regions where malaria is prevalent compared to someone with no sickle cell genes, who would be more susceptible to severe malaria infection.
Sickle-cell anemia
The pro of sickle cell hemoglobin is that if you have only one allele for sickle cell hemoglobin and the other allele is normal, then you are immune to malaria.
Hemoglobin
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It is Hemoglobin
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The condition is called sickle cell trait. This occurs when an individual inherits one sickle cell gene and one normal hemoglobin gene, resulting in milder symptoms compared to sickle cell disease.
because of the change of AA- in normal cell- from Glutamic acid (negativity charged) to Valine (uncharged) -in sickle cell- the charge will be missing in the sickle cell that why the electrophoresis will become slower because of the missing charge
There are several types of sickle cell disease, including sickle cell anemia, sickle beta thalassemia, and sickle cell-hemoglobin C disease. These types differ based on the specific genetic mutations that affect the hemoglobin protein in red blood cells. Sickle cell anemia is the most common and severe form, where individuals have two copies of the sickle cell gene. Sickle beta thalassemia and sickle cell-hemoglobin C disease are milder forms that result from different combinations of genetic mutations. Symptoms and complications can vary among the different types of sickle cell disease.
because of the change of AA- in normal cell- from Glutamic acid (negativity charged) to Valine (uncharged) -in sickle cell- the charge will be missing in the sickle cell that why the electrophoresis will become slower because of the missing charge
Sickle cell disease is a mutation in the gene that codes for hemoglobin, which causes the hemoglobin and the cell to become elongated and look like a sickle rather than its normal disc shape.
rr since sickle cell is a recessive trait.