CPR

You need to do 5 cycles of CPR in about 2 minutes. 2 breaths and 30 chest compressions constitutes a cycle. Chest compressions should be at a rate of about 100 compressions per minute - doing compressions in time to 'Nelly the Elephant' will be about the right speed.

Each cycle of CPR, 30 compressions and 2 breaths, should take 24 seconds. CPR is continued until the scene becomes unsafe, the person shows signs of life, more advanced medical personnel arrive to take over, an AED becomes available, or you become too tired to continue.

First, you lie the person down on a safe surface. Tilt their head back. Go through ABC ( airway-tilting the head back , Breathing-put your ear over their mouth to hear if they are breathing, Circulation- check their pulse.) If they are not breathing, skip the pulse and go straight to mouth to mouth. Check if they are breathing for two seconds, then give them two breaths. Make sure to breath in and out as you give them the breaths. Then, start CPR pumping. I can't really explain how to align your hands over the internet though, sorry. After pumping 30 times, check if they are breathing. Give them another 2 breaths and keep going until they start breathing or the ambulance arrives. :)

If I am not mistaken, first you should clear there air passage, then CPR.

Defibrillation also known as cardioversion.

* Assess the danger to the casualty and yourself. * Shout and shake to assess the casualty is unconscious. If yes, shout for help/call 911/999. * Open the airway using a head tilt/chin lift maneuver. * Bring your cheek to the casualty's mouth and watch for the chest to rise and fall with breathing and feeling the breath on your check. If breaths are felt, place casualty in the recovery position and await medical support. * If not, give 30 compressions in the midline between the nipples, using the heel of one hand with the fingers raised off the chest, and the other hand interlocking the fingers on top, at a rough rate of 100 compressions a minute. A good way to remember this is "Nelly the Elephant packed her trunk and said goodbye to the circus". If said correctly, every syllable should give a compression. Press down deeply, aim for 5-6 inches of compression. * Every 30 compressions, reopen the airway using the head tilt/chin lift, pinch the nose and give a breath until the chest expands fully. Remove mouth and let the chest deflate. Repeat once more.

* Continue with compressions and rescue breaths to a ratio of 30:2 (current British Resuscitation Council Guidelines) compressions to breaths until you are exhausted or until medical help arrives.

When people go into cardiac arrest, their body usually cuts off most circulation to their extremities to keep the core of their body alive. So, a patient could have a very weak or absent radial pulse but they may still have a carotid pulse. it is also used to compare the radial pulse to the carotid pulse.

You should check for a carotid pulse every few minutes, at the same time check for breathing, coughing, and moving. Don't check it more often than that as stopping chest compressions can waste precious time. Continue CPR if there is no breathing or pulse, ect.

The best is an Ambu Bag or sometimes called a Bag Valve Mask. It does 2 things; avoids cross infection and increases content of oxygen (air from ambient & not from lungs). Otherwise, only the mask which has a one way valve is the next best piece of equipment.

For recussitation you shall give 2 breathes and check for a pulse to see if they need comprrssions and you alternate from breaths to compressions (pushing on the chest)

Specifically, CPR (lay person) is performing a set of 30 compressions & 2 breaths. The only concept that has three stages is going through the complete process from the scene through caring for the victim. These three steps are Check, Call, and Care. Check: Check the scene for safety and the person for consciousness. Call: Call 911 or the emergency number for your location. Care: Care for the conditions found.

The most common problems on negative pressure respirators are easily corrected by checking filters and valves.

While there are first aid professionals, that are called in to help, ideally, everyone shoud know a little first aid. Knowing just a little can save a life, reduce suffering, etc. At a scene, the most experienced person should be directing the effort. However I'll often yield the floor and let someone else run it before I'll get into an argument with another rescuer at a scene. In that instance, I'll only intrude if the procedures being undertaken endanger the patient.

CPR is performed for three reasons:

1. To give the patient a chance of survival

2. The patient may be an organ donor and CPR is used to keep the organs Oxygenated

3. Practice - you may not resuscitate the patient but the next time you need to perform CPR you will be a little more experienced.

The rescuer should only stop CPR if one of three things happen:

1. The patient is resuscitated

2. Advanced Life Support takes over

3. When the rescuer is physically exhausted.

1. Approach the patient and ensure the scene is safe for both you and the patient
2. Give the patient a little shake or pull the earlobe (or similar), ask 'can you hear me' or similar
3. tilt the head back and open the mouth to check there is no obstruction
4. put your ear next to the patient's mouth, looking down their torso and look, listen and feel for breathing for no longer than 10 seconds
5. place one hand on top of the other, interlock your fingers, image a line drawn between the two nipples and place your hands on the centre of the chest in line with the nipples
6. press down about 4-5cm
7. repeat step 6 a further 29 times (so a total of 30 times)
8. if you feel up to it, give 2 ventilations by tilting the head back, pinching the nose and slowly breathing into the patient's mouth over about a second, checking that the chest rises
9. repeat from step 5 until additional help arrives or you are two tired to continue.

Note that in the recent guidelines, ventilations are considered optional. If you are performing chest compressions correctly, the rise of the chest when you lift your hands will draw air into the lungs.

Yes, but the success rate is not high with CPR alone. Typically a resuscitation is accomplished with defibrillation (such as from an AED), CPR is a stop gap measure to prevent the loss of heart and brain tissue while advanced care arrives in the form of Paramedics and Doctors. CPR success rates are higher in children than adults.

Do not stop CPR until one of the following conditions exist: * An AED becomes available, and you stop to install and allow it to analyze and further direct you * More advanced medical personnel arrive to take over (or another trained person) to continue CPR and to transport * The scene becomes unsafe, and you need to move the patient and yourself to safety; then continue CPR * The patient shows signs of life * You are too tired to continue.

Precautions before use of an AED on a child:

1. Confirm the absence of a pulse before attaching the AED

2. Confirm the AED has pediatric pads

3. Confirm placement of the pads on the child via the icons on the pads.

You can do this by:

1. Shouting or calling his/her name if you know it.

2. Gently (but firmly) pinching the earlobe, or piece of skin.

3. Tapping the shoulders and shouting "Hello, can you hear me" If unsuccessful, you must give first aid (if trained), if not, you must call for an ambulance immediately. Also remember that it is important to stay calm at all times.

Follow the 3 C's; Check, Call, Care. For an adult, Check: Check the scene for safety and check the victim for consciousness. Call: If unconscious call 911 (hopefully there is a bystander to make the call for you). Care: Care for the conditions you find. Airway; tip the head using head tilt chin lift method and check for breathing. Look, listen, and feel for breathing. Breathing; if no breathing, give 2 breaths. Circulation; give 30 compressions, followed by 2 breaths. Repeat cycles of 30 compressions and 2 breaths until help arrives.

You don't put your fingers anywhere unless you're rescuing an infant. for adults and children, place the heel of you dominant hand on the center of the victims chest and place your other hand on top of it, interlocking your fingers. Then, push with the weight of your body from your shoulders at a rate of 100 compressions per minute. For Infants, place 2-3 fingers on the chest, just below the nipple line at compress the chest 1/4 - 1/2 inches at 100 compressions per min.

The next step is to place the other hand on the forehead of the victim, and
push down on the forehead as you lift the jaw to bring the chin forward.

You would see the chest rise during breaths, which would ensure air is getting into the lungs. During compressions, someone could check the carotid artery to ensure blood is being circulated.

Well if you are counting compressions for an adult 5 to 1 for a child 10 to 1. That would be 5 compressions to 1 breath, 10 compressions to 1 breath. Some times the count is broken into groups, but the standards change every second year for some reason. I was trained to do adults 5~1 children 10~1 infants 15~1 Saint John's Ambulance 2005