Genocide

The Young Turks in 1915 had very nationalistic ideas in spreading the Ottoman Empire and creating a Pan Turkic nation by removing the Armenians, taking their belongings and land. While the rest of the WORLD was busy with WWI, they achieved what they set out to do by first executing any of the men that were of any importance in the community. These included lawyers, judges, doctors - the educated and somewhat powerful. Once the powerful were gone, it was time for the males in the family to be eliminated. This was done once again either by quick execution OR immediate "draft" into the Turkish army whereby they were marched to death camps and executed by the thousands, not even bothering to march them for at least a day's distance. Word came back that these executions were taking place and some areas tried resistance. In the meantime, with most of the men (by men, I am referring to boys of the age of 13 and up) gone, executed in front of their families, or killed in march - the women, children and elderly were told they had less than an hour to pack their belongings to "meet" their husbands, fathers, brothers, etc. Of course if you are told you have to leave immediately as a woman with young children or you will be executed OR you can join your husband, etc - they basically took the latter choice, not knowing that their husbands were already dead and they would be marched in exactly the opposite direction, into the Syrian desert. After several weeks of walking with literally the clothes on their back and no food, they began dying of starvation and disease. The Euphrates River along their death march was littered with bodies floating down - children were left orphaned or died of starvation, too. The young turks released hundreds of hardened criminals from their jails in return for enlistment into their gendarme regime. These criminals were enlisted into accompanying the women, children and elderly into the desert and given free reign to do as they pleased with them as long as they would not be able to come back to their goods, their property or their homeland. Armenia was reduced to approximately 20% of her original size and over 1.5 million Armenians were killed. There is not a single Armenian family that was not affected by the genocide in one way or another. Armenia was an ancient country that dates back over 8,000 years. Armenia even has Karahounge, the Armenian Stonehenge that outdates the English Stonehenge by over 5,000 years. Her original borders were the Caspian Sea, the Black Sea and the Mediterranean Sea. Because of Armenia's location in the middle of Asia and Europe it has always been in the middle of conflict, but it wasn't until the Ottoman Turks in 1915 that most Armenian lives were gone and her borders shrunk by over 80%. To this day, the Turkish people vehemently deny there was ever a genocide. Not a single reparation has ever been made to any Armenian who lost their valuables, their homes, their families. Not only are Turks not allowed to admit the genocide but if any of them ever even questions the denial, they would be arrested by the Turkish government and charged with being non-Nationalistic and for the past almost 100 years their denial has been responsible for genocide being repeated in several other cultures throughout the world. As a matter of fact, the denial by the Turks is so vehement and their hatred of Armenians is so vehement that when Hrant Dink (a famous Armenian journalist & Armenian newspaper publisher who lived in present day Turkey)was assassinated in broad daylight, the shooter was hailed as a hero!

The genocide took place in the context of the Rwandan Civil War, an ongoing conflict beginning in 1990 between the Hutu-led government and the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), which was largely composed of Tutsi refugees whose families had fled to Uganda following earlier waves of Hutu violence against the Tutsi. Most of the dead were Tutsis and most of those who perpetrated the violence were Hutus. The genocide was sparked by the death of the Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, when his plane was shot down above Kigali airport on 6 April 1994.

Here is the short version.

The Contracting Parties,

Having considered the declaration made by the General Assembly of the United Nations in its resolution 96 (I) dated 11 December 1946 that genocide is a crime under international law, contrary to the spirit and aims of the United Nations and condemned by the civilized world,

Recognizing that at all periods of history genocide has inflicted great losses on humanity, and

Being convinced that, in order to liberate mankind from such an odious scourge, international co-operation is required,

Hereby agree as hereinafter provided:

Article I: The Contracting Parties confirm that genocide, whether committed in time of peace or in time of war, is a crime under international law which they undertake to prevent and to punish.

Article II: In the present Convention, genocide means any of the following acts committed with intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a national, ethnical, racial or religious group, as such:

(a) Killing members of the group;

(b) Causing serious bodily or mental harm to members of the group;

(c) Deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part;

(d) Imposing measures intended to prevent births within the group;

(e) Forcibly transferring children of the group to another group.

Article III: The following acts shall be punishable:

(a) Genocide;

(b) Conspiracy to commit genocide;

(c) Direct and public incitement to commit genocide;

(d) Attempt to commit genocide;

(e) Complicity in genocide.

Article IV: Persons committing genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III shall be punished, whether they are constitutionally responsible rulers, public officials or private individuals.

Article V: The Contracting Parties undertake to enact, in accordance with their respective Constitutions, the necessary legislation to give effect to the provisions of the present Convention, and, in particular, to provide effective penalties for persons guilty of genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III.

Article VI: Persons charged with genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III shall be tried by a competent tribunal of the State in the territory of which the act was committed, or by such international penal tribunal as may have jurisdiction with respect to those Contracting Parties which shall have accepted its jurisdiction.

Article VII: Genocide and the other acts enumerated in article III shall not be considered as political crimes for the purpose of extradition.

The Contracting Parties pledge themselves in such cases to grant extradition in accordance with their laws and treaties in force.

Article VIII: Any Contracting Party may call upon the competent organs of the United Nations to take such action under the Charter of the United Nations as they consider appropriate for the prevention and suppression of acts of genocide or any of the other acts enumerated in article III.

Article IX: Disputes between the Contracting Parties relating to the interpretation, application or fulfilment of the present Convention, including those relating to the responsibility of a State for genocide or for any of the other acts enumerated in article III, shall be submitted to the International Court of Justice at the request of any of the parties to the dispute.

Article X: The present Convention, of which the Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish texts are equally authentic, shall bear the date of 9 December 1948.

Article XI: The present Convention shall be open until 31 December 1949 for signature on behalf of any Member of the United Nations and of any nonmember State to which an invitation to sign has been addressed by the General Assembly.

The present Convention shall be ratified, and the instruments of ratification shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

After 1 January 1950, the present Convention may be acceded to on behalf of any Member of the United Nations and of any non-member State which has received an invitation as aforesaid. Instruments of accession shall be deposited with the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Article XII: Any Contracting Party may at any time, by notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations, extend the application of the present Convention to all or any of the territories for the conduct of whose foreign relations that Contracting Party is responsible.

Article XIII: On the day when the first twenty instruments of ratification or accession have been deposited, the Secretary-General shall draw up a proces-verbal and transmit a copy thereof to each Member of the United Nations and to each of the non-member States contemplated in article XI.

The present Convention shall come into force on the ninetieth day following the date of deposit of the twentieth instrument of ratification or accession.

Any ratification or accession effected, subsequent to the latter date shall become effective on the ninetieth day following the deposit of the instrument of ratification or accession.

Article XIV: The present Convention shall remain in effect for a period of ten years as from the date of its coming into force.

It shall thereafter remain in force for successive periods of five years for such Contracting Parties as have not denounced it at least six months before the expiration of the current period.

Denunciation shall be effected by a written notification addressed to the Secretary-General of the United Nations.

Article XV: If, as a result of denunciations, the number of Parties to the present Convention should become less than sixteen, the Convention shall cease to be in force as from the date on which the last of these denunciations shall become effective.

Article XVI: A request for the revision of the present Convention may be made at any time by any Contracting Party by means of a notification in writing addressed to the Secretary-General.

The General Assembly shall decide upon the steps, if any, to be taken in respect of such request.

Article XVII: The Secretary-General of the United Nations shall notify all Members of the United Nations and the non-member States contemplated in article XI of the following:

(a) Signatures, ratifications and accessions received in accordance with article XI;

(b) Notifications received in accordance with article XII;

(c) The date upon which the present Convention comes into force in accordance with article XIII;

(d) Denunciations received in accordance with article XIV;

(e) The abrogation of the Convention in accordance with article XV;

(f) Notifications received in accordance with article XVI.

Article XVIII: The original of the present Convention shall be deposited in the archives of the United Nations.

A certified copy of the Convention shall be transmitted to each Member of the United Nations and to each of the non-member States contemplated in article XI.

Article XIX: The present Convention shall be registered by the Secretary-General of the United Nations on the date of its coming into force.

Historians will almost always say millions; but no one will ever know for sure. The US kept a fairly accurate body count...and yet that was flawed. There was instances in which GI's counted less than a dozen communist (enemy) bodies on the battlefield, but the written or over-heard verbal radio count was higher (an example of a flawed system). If the US can make such exaggerations, so can other nations (countries).

The period of Nazi rule was characterized by rapidly intensifying radicalization. This may have been partly a result of Hitler's style of government: in many areas of policy he tended to let his subordinates guess what he wanted, and of course they competed to outdo one another. In particular the 'terror lobby' round Himmler and Heydrich became a major power within Germany, second only to the armed forces.

The Nazis' Jewish policy was, it seems, not very carefully thought out. In 1933-39, the Jews in Germany were very largely expelled from society and reduced to a position where they were unable to earn a living and unable to contribute much to society.

The Nazi invasion of Poland added large numbers to the Nazis' self-inflicted Jewish problem ... Heydrich ordered the occupation forces to move the Jewish population into ghettos situated near railway stations. Largely isolated in ghettos, most Jews in Poland were unable to contribute much to the economy.

At this stage it seems that the Nazi regime was still thinking of a 'territorial solution', that is dumping the Jews in Madagascar or (after the expected victory over the Soviet Union) east of the Urals.

Exactly what prompted the decision to commit genocide is not altogether clear. It may have been the realization that there was to be no quick victory over the Soviet Union or it may have been built into the wider campaign against "Jewish Bolshevism".

the darfur genocide is occurring in the western region of the country of Sudan along the border with chad.

It was the Pol Pot goverment as he turned into a extremist Darwinian, he took the "Survival of the fittest" motto to heart as Hitler and Stalin did. Surviving the Pol Pot genocide was next to impossible. Once a group was rounded none of them was ever released. After torture and interrogation, sometimes stretching over several months, all of these men, women and children were brutally put to death. The Khmer Rouge in retreat had some help from American relief agencies - 20,000 to 40,000 guerrillas who reached Thailand received food aid -and the West also ensured that the Khmer Rouge (rather than the Vietnam-backed communist government) held on to Cambodia's seat in the United Nations: the Cold War continued to dictate what allegiances and priorities were made.

The genocide took place in the context of the Rwandan Civil War, an ongoing conflict beginning in 1990 between the Hutu-led government and the Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), which was largely composed of Tutsi refugees whose families had fled to Uganda following earlier waves of Hutu violence against the Tutsi. Most of the dead were Tutsis and most of those who perpetrated the violence were Hutus. The genocide was sparked by the death of the Rwandan President Juvenal Habyarimana, a Hutu, when his plane was shot down above Kigali airport on 6 April 1994.

he only country or region in Africa where genocide is still going on is Darfur, Sudan. Rwanda had there's in 1994 and has since stopped, so I don't know where you are getting your sources from. No other African country is going through genocide except Sudan, particularly Dar-Fur but if you mean civil war then you can include Sudan, and add countries like Somalia, democratic republic of Congo, Burundi, but that's it. When it comes to genocide though only one country fits into that, so there is no wide spread genocide going on in all countries in Africa.

No.

Genocide

While the technical term is genocide, it is also sometimes referred to as "ethnic cleansing" when a group of people (usually rebels), and sometimes even that country's government, kills groups of people simply because of their race, origin, nationality, etc., in order to take over a certain area.

The contry of Rwanda Africa in 1994. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/africa/1288230.stm "Between April and June 1994, an estimated 800,000 Rwandans were killed in the space of 100 days."

Idi Amin committed mass killing against all people he considered ethnically, politically, and economically subversive. The total number killed is thought to be between 100,000 and 500,000.

Although in modern terms we could consider the Conquering of the North American continant as a genocide, it was not considered such by men of those times. They viewed it as a war like any other, with no intention of destroying an entire race. But it could be argued that the "Genocide" began around 1516 A.D. with the arrival of the first Conquistadors from Spain.

The Armenians and the Turks.

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What is known as Armenian genocide is skirmishes between Turkish and Armenian villages which was started by French and Russian support. In both sides villages burnt, women raped and slaughtered. Turks got pictures, Armenians got pictures. Wikipedia shows Armenian pictures only.

which isn't true, because my great grandmother was in it and she even survived it. it was planned and organized by the Turks ONLY, and had little help from the Germans

There was no Holocaust in World War I.

In World War II, the Nazis cold-bloodedly and quite efficiently murdered more than 6 million Jews and a like number of people from other ethnic groups they hated, including Roma (Gypsies), Slavs, and homosexuals. They were burned in gas chambers and any other ways the German killers felt was good for them at the time.

AND IT WAS SAD!!

You can start by doing something to raise money and awareness. If ur a student starting a fundraiser is easy and there are plenty of organizations around the war dedicated to stopping genocides. U can visit some of thoses to get a start.

It was the first victory for the Mexicans.

He didn't invade any country. With backing from the PRC (China), he overthrew the government of Cambodia. He was later ousted by an invasion by the Vietnamese.

In fact, very few of those murdered were shot. This was a situation where low-tech methods of killing were used; the most common weapon was the machete. They purchased thousands of machetes very cheaply from China. Another common weapon was a club studded with spikes/nails. Regardless of the "low-tech" nature of the genocide, it was incredibly lethal with a daily average of 10,000 dead.

To name like... I dunno ten really horrible ones;

1) Bengal Famine of 1943, 3 million people died from starvation and malnutrition due to man made famine. British army stored all grains in anticipation of Japanese invasion and exported food to allied forces in Middle east and Europe while local population starved.

2)...the Holocaust, death camps that killed millions upon millions of innocent human beings.

3) Holodomor, the WW2 era Ukrainian Famine also starving a ton of innocents.

4) 1937 Japanese slaughtered 200,000+ Chinese civilians and POWS in Nanjing, China.

5) 1944-45 Japanese slaughter apx 100,000 Philippine civilians in Manila, Philippines.

6) 1975-79 Mass murders of 2,000,000 people in attempt to install a Communist regime in Pol Pot, Cambodia.

7) Hiroshima and Nagasaki, destroyed major parts of Japan killing millions and even more afflicted with radiation poisoning and other maladies.

8) Rwandan Genocide killed apx 800,000 people.

9) In 1937, Parsley Massacre, Rafael Trujillo ordered the killings of Haitians living in the Dominican Republic killed apx 30,000 people in 5 freakin days!

10) 1947 partition of India, members of the opposite sects found each other on the wrong side of the border; Sikhs and Hindus killing Muslims and vise versa. Mobs hunted and killed almost 1,000,000 people.

Hope this helps you in your research.

Leaders in Darfur firstly was asking for autonomy and full control of their economy (having in mind abundance of gas and petroleum). This was not approved by Sudanese Govt. Years passed and at point Darfurians organized themselves and demanded freedom for their territory. Sudan at all not liked it. Started arresting and harrousment. Darfurians revolted, took some arms in their own hand. Then Sudanese Govt (President Umr Al Bashar), created and sponsored Janjaweed Militia. In 2003, having the support with arms and money the Janjaweed (also backed by Sudanese Army) launched attacks to kill the people indiscremenantly. This is the beginning of mass killing, diplacement of ordinary people, burning, raping..and more. This is genocide!

The Rwandan Genocide was the 1994 mass murder of an estimated 800,000 people. Over the course of approximately 100 days from the assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana on April 6 through mid-July, at least 800,000 people were killed.

The term Bosnian Genocide is used to refer either to the genocide committed by Bosnian Serb forces in Srebrenica in 1995, or to the ethnic cleansing campaign that took place throughout areas controlled by the Bosnian Serb Army during the 1992-1995 Bosnian War. According to the ICRC data, 200,000 people were killed, 12,000 of them children, up to 50,000 women were raped, and 2.2 million were forced to flee their homes.

The Khmer Rouge period (1975-1979) refers to the rule of Pol Pot, Nuon Chea, Ieng Sary, Son Sen, Khieu Samphan and the Khmer Rouge Communist party over Cambodia, which the Khmer Rouge renamed as Democratic Kampuchea. The four-year period saw the deaths of approximately 2 million Cambodians through the combined result of political executions, starvation, and forced labor.

The Darfur Conflict is an ongoing guerrilla conflict or civil war centered on the Darfur region of Sudan. Casualties have been estimated to range from 50,000 to 400,000 people.

Finally, perhaps the most well known genocide in the last 100 years is the Holocaust in Nazi Germany. The Holocaust was the genocide of approximately six million European Jews during World War II, a programme of systematic state-sponsored extermination by Nazi Germany. Two-thirds of the population of nine million Jews who had resided in Europe before the Holocaust were killed.

Some scholars maintain that the definition of the Holocaust should also include the Nazis' systematic murder of millions of people in other groups, including Romani, Soviet prisoners of war, Polish and Soviet civilians, homosexuals, people with disabilities, Jehovah's Witnesses and other political and religious opponents, which occurred whether they were of German or non-German ethnic origin. By this definition, the total number of Holocaust victims would be between 11 million and 17 million people.

These are just a few of the more well known examples of genocides that have occurred in the last 100 years.

The Armenian Holocaust happened because Turkish militia were ordered by their government to kill all people within Turkey that were Christians. This happened in 1915 and thousands of people were killed before this atrocity was halted.