Photosynthesis

Any green coloured surface that is exposed to light with photosynthesize.

The same goes for brown coloured surfaces on Kelp,

red coloured surfaces on red algae.

gold coloured surfaces on golden algae

etc etc.

Photosynthesis generally takes place in the chlorophyll of a plant.

The opposite of photosynthesis is cellular respiration. Photosynthesis stores up energy in the form of complex sugars while cellular respiration breaks down these sugars in order to harvest their energy. The fact that they are opposites are reflected in their chemical equations, as shown below.

Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O + light energy --> 6C6H12O6 + 6O2

Cellular respiration: 6C6H12O6 + 6O2 --> 6CO2 + 6H2O + 34ATP

Photosynthesis is a process used by plants, which is done to make food (glucose/sugar). Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide (CO2), sunlight, and water (H2O) which would create glucose (sugar), and oxygen (O2). A compound is a group of 2 or more different atoms combined chemically. The compounds that is included for photosynthesis is carbon dioxide and water.

Glucose is a product of photosynthesis. It is a type of sugar that provides energy for plants and is also used as a building block for other organic molecules in the plant. It can be stored for later use or transported throughout the plant for various metabolic processes.

The wavelength most effective in conducting photosynthesis is 420nm.

^^ Actually, 420nm is on the blue side of the spectrum, which makes up between 1 and 10% of the light needed for photosythesis. There is a plateau on the blue side when comparing blue wavelength effects on photosynthesis, and 420nm is right on the edge of it. 430nm would be more in the middle of the plateau, making it the safer bet.

Plants need red light, and lots of it. Red light contributes to over 90% of photosynthesis. You can't grow plants on just blue light. Seems to be the most efficient wavelength of red light, for photosynthesis, is between 660nm and 680nm, and not higher. Unlike blue, there is no plateau when comparing red wavelength effects on photosynthesis, so there is a more broad answer, depending on the plant.

It seems though, if working with LEDs, that 630nm are more mass produced (cheaper). So you can just use those instead, or couple them with far red light (infrared), 730nm, to stimulate PFR, germination. Far red light depends greatly on what you are growing though, read up on it.

I'm no expert, but the first answer wasn't very good.

^^ Overall, I would agree with this answer. However, it is possible to grow a plant using only blue light. Blue light is required for the vegetative growth of plants. I have been able to grow basil using blue LED lighting on a 20 hour cycle. This is fine for herbs. If you wish for your plant to flower you will need red light at the wavelength described in the previous answer. It is also possible to grow plants using only a red wavelength. Although, from what I hear the plants will look a little thinner than normal but the quality of tast should be the same.

The main variables which affect photosynthesis are light, CO2 concentration and temperature. You should be able to explain how each of these has their effect on the rate of photosynthesis. Although water is needed as a raw material for photosynthesis, if water is short, it will cause the plant to wilt (and thereby lose its ability to capture sunlight) long before it limits photosynthesis at the biochemical level. On a deeper level, other factors like amount of chlorophyll, availability of nutrients (eg Mg is needed for chlorophyll synthesis) will also affect the rate of photosynthesis, though these are rarely covered in discussion of this topic. John Hewitson
water, temperature, and light intensity

The three main parts of photosynthesis are light-dependent reactions, Calvin cycle (light-independent reactions), and electron transport chain. In the light-dependent reactions, light energy is converted into chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle then uses ATP and NADPH to convert CO2 into glucose, while the electron transport chain helps in the production of ATP.

Plants store little food when there is insufficient sunlight for photosynthesis, limiting their ability to produce glucose. Similarly, plants may store little food if they are experiencing drought conditions, which can limit water uptake and hinder nutrient absorption for growth and storage. Additionally, environmental stress factors like extreme temperatures or nutrient deficiencies can also reduce a plant's ability to store food efficiently.

splitting of water molecules

The product of photosynthesis is Glucose and O2 is a byproduct.

Oxygen is a gaseous product of photosynthesis, produced when plants use sunlight to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. This process takes place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.

Glucose production occurs in the 2nd stage of photosynthesis, the Calvin-Benson cycle. The first stage of photosynthesis captures much of the energy from light in order to store that energy in the glucose.

Green plants produce their own food through photosynthesis, using sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to make glucose. In contrast, animals obtain nutrients by consuming other organisms or feeding on organic matter. Plants are autotrophic, while animals are heterotrophic.

An intact chicken egg? It will get wet...you are probably supposed to answer something to indicate you know that distilled water is hypotonic and the osmotic differential would cause water to move into the egg to dilute the greater concentration of solute inside and then state that 20% salt water is hypertonic and will cause water to move out of the egg...in that short of a period of time, you won't observe any water movement through the shell. Additionally, you might consider that, to get a 20% sodium chloride solution, you will have to heat the water to the point that it will cook the egg.

The products of photosynthesis are glucose (sugar) and oxygen. Glucose is used as an energy source by the plant for growth, reproduction, and maintenance. Some of the oxygen produced is used by the plant for respiration, while the rest is released into the atmosphere as a byproduct.

Photosynthesis is the process whereby a green plant gains energy. To do so, it uses solar energy (absorbed through the leaves) combined with nutrients from the soil, water and carbondioxide.

This allows the plant to bond and store energy, and produces oxygen as a result.

Oxygen is a product of photosynthesis that is used by plants and animals for respiration.

Plants have been growing on Earth for millions of years, so it is difficult to attribute their discovery to one specific individual. However, early humans and agricultural societies would have observed how plants grow and reproduce in nature, leading to the development of agriculture and horticulture practices over time.

Light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, and temperature are the main environmental factors that directly influence photosynthesis. Adequate levels of all three factors are necessary for optimal photosynthetic activity in plants.

Thylakoid disks are structures found within the chloroplasts of photosynthetic organisms. They contain the pigments and protein complexes responsible for capturing light energy and converting it into chemical energy during the light reactions of photosynthesis. The interconnected thylakoid disks form the grana, where the photosynthetic reactions take place.

The cyclic pathway of ATP formation primarily functions to transfer electrons between electron carriers in order to generate a proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane. This proton gradient is used by ATP synthase to produce ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate.

Geraniums appear green because they contain the pigment chlorophyll in their chloroplasts. Chlorophyll is responsible for absorbing sunlight, which is necessary for the process of photosynthesis that allows the plant to produce energy. This pigment reflects green light, giving the plant its characteristic green color.

Plant cells are made of long chains of protein which are made of long chains of amino acids. Each amino acid has an 'r' group which defines it's own special properties. It's the 'r' group attractions to each other that make them clump up and form these long strands of cell wall (fiber) which defines the plant cells. As they are heated, the 'r' group attractions break apart. Therefore denaturing it and forming new molecules.

Hope I answered your question! :D

-IB Biology Teacher