Atomic Bombs

Manhattan

The doctor observed that the bomb caused widespread destruction and significant injuries among the population, with many individuals suffering from severe burns and trauma. He noted the psychological impact on survivors, who were left in shock and distress. Additionally, the doctor remarked on the overwhelming number of casualties, which strained medical resources and highlighted the devastating consequences of such weaponry on human life.

Henry L. Stimson, the U.S. Secretary of War during World War II, supported the use of the atomic bomb primarily to expedite Japan's surrender and bring a swift end to the war, potentially saving countless lives on both sides. He believed that using the bomb would demonstrate overwhelming military power, thus compelling Japan to capitulate without the need for a costly invasion of the Japanese mainland. Stimson also thought that the bomb's deployment would strengthen the U.S. position in post-war negotiations and deter future aggression from other nations.

U.S.A. United States of America.

Technologies such as timers, remote detonation devices, and incendiary accelerants can make arson and bomb crimes easier to accomplish successfully because they allow perpetrators to set off the devices from a distance and with precise timing, reducing the risk of being caught in the act. Additionally, advancements in online resources and tutorials make it easier for individuals to access information on constructing and deploying such devices.

People were optimistic at the start of the Atomic age. They thought all power generators would be atomic from then on.

accoutibility

Yar bana kr kya krogy ?pakory banana seekh lo !

The first military bomb disposal robot, known as the "PackBot," was developed in the late 1990s by iRobot. It was specifically designed for the U.S. military to safely disarm explosives and was first deployed in combat in 2003 during the Iraq War. Prior to the PackBot, various other robotic systems were experimented with, but this marked a significant advancement in bomb disposal technology.

The atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki? That was the Enola Gay. If your question was something else then I don't know the answer.

Operation Logic Bomb was created on 1993-04-23.

U.S. Bombs was created in 1993.

All of the following material is readily available from pubic sources. - B Sentry

The nuclear weapon age gives us an incredible capacity to change this world, for better or worse, as technological developments tend to do. Since World War II nuclear combat has been planned for in all major warfare doctrines. Russia, it should be noted, makes no distinction between regular, biological, chemical or nuclear weapons combat. They have no top echelon inhibitions in their training doctrines to make the use of nerve gas, lethal plagues, or nuclear weapons restrictive in use, or only as a last resort, as many claim their chemical weapon use during their previous extended military invasion of Afghanistan demonstrated. Their stockpile of nuclear weapons is what forces us not to intervene. Allow me some further elaboration.

Nuclear combat is obviously much different than the other two

'illegal by treaty' forms of non regular combat. Nuclear warfare doctrine, and nuclear age politics, have not just altered our perception of war winning strategies. It has altered the worlds methods of taking over defenseless and weaker countries, by richer more powerful ones. First a little should be said about the history of nuclear weapons to give a point of reference.

In world war II Hitler had a Heavy Water project, which meant collecting deuterium and tritium (Water molecules of Hydrogen and Oxygen with some Hydrogen atoms with 2 or 3 Neutrons, instead of the usual one) into a concentrated mass to experiment with radiation. Radiation physics work would teach about heavy elements, such as uranium. America began its own studies, because Albert Einstein sent a letter to the president warning of the potential war changing use of a nuclear powered bomb, in which atoms from heavy elements might be split, releasing massive energies. Thus, an 'atomic' bomb. In time this included the use of an atomic bomb as a trigger to power the fusion process for a Hydrogen bomb, which can have a thousand times the power of the earlier atom bombs. Instead of splitting large radioactive atoms, it involved putting hydrogen atoms together, thus taking advantage of natural physics that required less 'nuclear glue' per atom, releasing the excess as unconfined plasma energy.

In the U.S. efforts, named the Manhattan Project, America eventually built centrifuges and collected enough of the less common Uranium (weight 235) to produce 2 atomic bombs. In 1945 the warhead components were carried by the U.S. Navy heavy cruiser Indianapolis to be assembled into a warhead for the attack on Japan. First on Hiroshima and a few days later, the city Nagasaki. U.S. General Douglas MacArthur was against the use of these bombs, but seemingly the British crown convinced president Truman to use both weapons, to imply that we had an unlimited number of these bombs, but two was enough to make our point.

The horror of the blast, from the utter destruction to he radiation effects upon the populace, permanently changed the world view of large scale warfare. No longer could armies collect in massive nation destroying formations, because one bomb could destroy them all. Naval fleets could be destroyed if even one nuclear warhead got thru the defenses. The doctrine known as Mutual and Assured Destruction (MAD) was quickly foisted upon the world by various think tanks, led in a large part by the public 'arguments' of the British 'philosopher' and mathematician Bertrand Russell, and the doctrine became the standard balance of power. The argument was, if Russia attacks America, we will both be 'wiped out. The same Bertrand Russell had earlier campaigned for 'Operation Dropshot', wherein America was to preemptively 'nuke' Russia, but that was before Russia was given the secrets to building their own nuclear weapons. Historically Russell was now the 'father of the Peace Movement' and thus the 'cold war' began. Russia pushes here, European powers push there, each taking over control of pieces of the world, but no one willing to seriously provoke a hot war against the other.

This insanity was to be eliminated by President John F. Kennedy at his speech in Dallas, Texas wherein he was to call upon the nations scientists to design a defense against nuclear attack. That speech was never made.

In March 1984 however, U.S. President Reagan made such a speech which included a plea for the world's scientists and engineers to develop a laser defense system to shoot down all incoming missiles. The Strategic Defense Initiative (SDI) was led by Lt. General Abrahamson in the Pentagon, and was nicknamed Star Wars by the media. The media severely suppressed its highly successful tests and many alleged experts declared it to be impossible to construct. These 'experts', such as Dr. Hans Bethe, had in earlier years used the same mathematical skills to 'prove' that ICBMs were impossible to construct as a successful weapons system. The U.S. Department of State toured Europe claiming the SDI would only protect America, although President Reagan repeatedly insisted it was to destroy any missile headed for any country. Russia was intensely upset by the chance that America might be able to stop a nuclear attack, and immediately riled against it through every conceivable route, though themselves massively increasing their own laser defense efforts.

Stopping all out nuclear war. The SDI research proved that Particle Beam weapons could be immensely capable in the anti-missile capacity, as opposed to the the exceedingly dubious HIgh Frontier orbiting hand grenades approach of the retired General Danny Graham group. The difference in the approach is essentially: Rather than trying to intercept a missile with another missile, once you find the target, a beam weapon instantly strikes it, and you will never run out of beam pulses, and they cannot be intercepted or tricked. Yet 30 years later the 'political destruction' of the Beam Weapons program seems complete. America has no significant defense against ICBMs, and the world still lives under the doctrine of nuclear combat, and pretends Russia will never take the risk of nuclear war. Treaties are expected to protect the free world, just as the British ambassador Chamberlain's treaty with Hitler protected Europe until the invasion of Poland.

How secure are we?

Regarding the Strategic Arms LImitation talks, which were designed to maintain the MAD doctrine: Russia made massive bombs in 20 megaton categories, and America made smaller more accurate weapons. Russia constructed many thousands of nuclear warheads, even greatly exceeding American numbers. Russia consistently violated the Strategic Arms LImitation Talks fronted by then U.S. Secretary of State Henry Kissinger. It is also a fact that Russian arms talks personnel have zero authority to make the Russian leadership stick to ANYTHING in the treaties, and so the talks were always a waste of time, and just for political show. A really important fact is that while Russia practiced massive Civill Defense, and anticipated surviving a full scale nuclear attack given some weeks for civil defense preparation, America in the same time frame spent a total of $50,000 for the total annual national Civil Defense program. It's obvious American leadership was ignoring the risk.

This current circumstance has led to a new world changing political structure.

Lesser Developed Nations (LDC's as per the U.S. State Department acronym) have, since the nuclear weapon age, become aware of the fact that America can not be depended on to intervene against Russia, nor more recently against China, for fear of triggering a war between the major powers. China has for decades been building a nuclear arsenal to get in the game. As far back as the 1970's China was sending students to American universities to learn about atomic theory and engineering.

So the overall result seems to have been, The weak countries are at the mercy of powerful ones, and have no real hope of the major powers stopping each other from irrational treaty breaking invasions. America will no longer assist a country that has been claimed by an enemy nuclear power. With the MAD doctrine in effect, the world powers have often turned to economic destruction of LDC's, having no fear that America will intervene in their defense. The claim that a country might build nuclear warheads, is even used as a White House excuse to invade and destroy the industrial and economic capacity of 'Lesser Developed Countries'. No LDC will be allowed to have nuclear power to electrify their nation, thus ensuring they will be severely crippled in attempts to produce their own capital industrial base, and will be forever forced to rely on the developed countries for technology, and oil. The major world banks will continue to enforce the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and World bank policies that starve developing nations into submission and guarantee their poverty and enslavement. The prevention of capitalization in the form of industries, the restriction of electrical capacity by eliminating safe modern nuclear power plant construction, the 'appropriate technologies' as defined by the ethics of the United nations food programs, and the suppression of technological advances in general including even such things as the artificial heart and the manned exploration of other planets, have created a static world power structure. With the threat of nuclear retaliation. there is no recourse for the human race but to sit under the oppression we have today. We let evil empires push the boundaries, because we won't dare to confront them with more than words. Militarily confronting a new version of 'Hitler with nuclear bombs' would be unthinkable.

That seems to be the overall result of how nuclear weapons have altered the course of the world.

"That decapitalization, slavery, depopulation and death travel always together is a fact whose proof is to be found in every page of history … By forbidding the application of labor, talent, or capital to any thing but agriculture - forbade advance in civilization." - Henry Carey 1858

The cast of The Last Atomic Bomb - 2006 includes: Sakue Shimohira as herself Koichi Wada as himself

The author H. G. Wells in his book The World Set Free, published in 1914 before the outbreak of World War 1.

1. August 6, 1945 the MK-I Little boy bomb was dropped at 8:15:15 AM from an altitude of about 33,500 feet and exploded 44.4 seconds later at about 1970 foot altitude above Hiroshima, missing its AP (the T-shaped Aoi bridge) by 1200 feet.
2. August 9, 1945 the MK-III Fatman bomb was dropped at 11:01:17 AM from an altitude of about 31,200 feet and exploded 43 seconds later at about 1650 foot altitude above the Urakami Valley adjacent to Nagasaki, missing its AP by 1.9 miles.
3. July 1, 1946 the MK-IIIA Gilda bomb was dropped at 9:00:00 AM from an altitude of about 19,000 feet and exploded 34 seconds later at about 520 foot altitude above Bikini Atoll lagoon, missing its AP by 2130 feet.
4. January 27, 1951 the MK-4 bomb was dropped at 5:44:51.0 AM and exploded at about 1060 foot altitude above Frenchman Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
5. January 28, 1951 the MK-4 bomb was dropped at 5:52:04.5 AM and exploded at about 1080 foot altitude above Frenchman Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
6. February 1, 1951 the MK-4 bomb was dropped at 5:46:39.5 AM and exploded at about 1080 foot altitude above Frenchman Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
7. February 2, 1951 the MK-4 bomb was dropped at 5:48:48.0 AM and exploded at about 1100 foot altitude above Frenchman Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
8. February 6, 1951 the MK-6 Freddy bomb was dropped at 5:46:55.0 AM and exploded at about 1435 foot altitude above Frenchman Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
9. October 28, 1951 the MK-4 LT bomb was dropped at 7:02:08.9 AM and exploded at about 1118 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
10. October 30, 1951 the MK-4 PC bomb was dropped at 7:00:29.8 AM and exploded at about 1132 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
11. November 1, 1951 the MK-4 NF bomb was dropped at 7:03:01.6 AM and exploded at about 1417 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
12. November 5, 1951 the TX-7E (a MK-7 prototype) bomb was dropped at 8:29:58.2 AM and exploded at about 1314 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
13. November 16, 1952 the MK-18F prototype "Super Oralloy bomb" was dropped at 11:30:00.0 AM and exploded at about 1480 foot altitude above Runit (Yvonne) island in Enewetak Atoll, missing its AP by 570 feet.
14. April 6, 1953 the MK-5D bomb was dropped at 7:29:38.4 AM and exploded at about 6022 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site, missing its AP by 600 feet.
15. May 8, 1953 the MK-6D bomb was dropped at 8:29:23.4 AM from an altitude of about 19,000 feet and exploded 32 seconds later at about 2423 foot altitude above Frenchman Flat at the Nevada Test Site, missing its AP by 950 feet.
16. June 4, 1953 the MK-7 bomb was dropped at 4:14:56.7 AM and exploded at about 1334 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site, missing its AP by 320 feet.
17. February 18, 1955 the MK-12 bomb case (with a new compact/light test device inside) was dropped at 11:59:59.2 AM and exploded at about 762 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
18. March 29, 1955 the MK-5 bomb case (with a new compact/light test device inside) was dropped at 9:59:54.8 AM and exploded at about 737 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
19. April 6, 1955 the MK-5 bomb case (with a new compact/light test device inside) was dropped on a parachute at 10:00:04.1 AM and exploded at about 36,620 foot altitude above Yucca Flat at the Nevada Test Site.
20. May 21, 1956 the TX-15-X1 (a MK-15/MK-39 prototype) bomb was dropped at 5:50:38.7 AM and exploded at about 4350 foot altitude above the ocean northeast of Namu (Charlie) island in Bikini Atoll, missing its AP by 4 miles.
21. June 16, 1956 the MK-7 bomb case (with an experimental XW-25 air defense missile warhead inside) was dropped at 1:13:53.1 PM and exploded at about 670 foot altitude above Runit (Yvonne) island in Enewetak Atoll.
22. April 25, 1962 xxx 15:45G
23. April 27, 1962 xxx 16:01G
24. April 27, 1962 xxx 18:00.00.16G
25. May 2, 1962 xxx 18:01G
26. May 8, 1962 xxx 18:01G
27. May 9, 1962 xxx 17:01G
28. May 11, 1962 xxx 15:37G
29. May 12, 1962 xxx 17:02G
30. May 14, 1962 xxx 15:21G
31. May 19, 1962 xxx 15:36G
32. May 25, 1962 xxx 16:08G
33. May 27, 1962 xxx 17:02G
34. June 8, 1962 xxx 17:02G
35. June 9, 1962 xxx 15:37G
36. June 10, 1962 xxx 16:01G
37. June 12, 1962 xxx 15:37G
38. June 15, 1962 xxx 16:00G
39. June 17, 1962 xxx 16:00G
40. June 19, 1962 xxx 15:01G
41. June 22, 1962 xxx 16:00G
42. June 27, 1962 xxx 15:19G
43. June 30, 1962 xxx 15:21G
44. July 10, 1962 xxx 16:33G
45. July 11, 1962 xxx 15:37G
46. October 2, 1962 xxx 16:17G
47. October 6, 1962 xxx 16:02G
48. October 18, 1962 xxx 16:01G
49. October 27, 1962 xxx 15:46?
50. October 30, 1962 xxx 16:01G

Only one man invented the atomic bomb: Leo Szilard, a Hungarian Jew. He did it in 1933 while crossing a London street while trying to think of more efficient ways to transmute elements. He patented it in 1934. But it took 12 more years, several discoveries, millions of calculations using both sliderules and electromechanical punchcard machines, and the work of thousands of men and women from dozens of nations to construct the massive industrial infrastructure needed to begin making them.

Yes, every pilot of every plane that has ever dropped either atomic or hydrogen bombs either in combat or as a test survived! Some have died since then though on missions unrelated to nuclear weapons, accidents, or old age.

The Manhatten Project was the orginization that developed the atomic bomb.

Szilard favored the course of action to deploy the atomic bomb as a demonstration of its power to the Japanese leadership in order to compel their surrender, rather than dropping it on a populated city like Hiroshima or Nagasaki.