Atoms and Atomic Structure

The atomic number of radon (Rn) is 86. Therefore, the atomic number of 222Rn is also 86, indicating that radon has 86 protons in its nucleus.

80Br is a bromine isotope with an atomic number of 35. To find the number of neutrons, subtract the atomic number from the mass number: 80 - 35 = 45 neutrons in 80Br.

No, Cyclohexane is a cyclic hydrocarbon with six carbon atoms arranged in a ring structure, not in a straight chain.

Transition metals are often referred to as "heavy metals" due to their high density compared to other elements. They have large atomic masses and many of them are toxic. However, it is important to note that the term "heavy metal" is also used to describe a group of elements with specific properties related to their electronic structure, not just their weight.

An element can have fractional valencies when it forms complex ions or compounds with multiple oxidation states. This occurs when the element shares electrons unevenly or when it exhibits variable oxidation states. For an element to have two integral valence states at the same time, it would need to exist in different chemical environments simultaneously, often in the form of different compounds or complexes exhibiting different oxidation states.

The substance that consists of only one type of atom is best exemplified by elements on the periodic table, such as gold (Au), oxygen (O), or carbon (C). Each element is made up of only one type of atom, which cannot be broken down chemically into simpler substances.

It depends on what scale you are considering. On a particle level, if two or more atoms are joined by covalent bonds, you have a molecule. If it's an ionic bond you have a set of ions. If you are thinking of the substance on a large scale it would be a compound.

sodium (Na)

Sodium atoms lose one electron when reacting with a nonmetal.

Chlorine atoms gain an electron when reacting with a metal, or share an electron when reacting with other nonmetals.

Aluminum loses three electrons when reacting with a nonmetal.

Assuming that ze is supposed to be Xe, which is the noble gas xenon, which undergoes very few reactions and definitely does not lose an electron when it does.

Helium has 2 positive protons in its nucleus.

When an atom breaks, it can split into smaller particles, undergo nuclear decay to form a different element, or release energy in the form of radiation. The process of an atom breaking can result in the release of subatomic particles or waves and can have various outcomes depending on the specific type of breakage.

1 atom of carbon refers to a single carbon atom, which is the basic unit of carbon element. 1 gram atom of carbon, in contrast, refers to the molar mass of carbon, which is approximately 12 grams per mole, representing Avogadro's number of carbon atoms. Essentially, 1 gram atom of carbon is equivalent to Avogadro's number of carbon atoms, which is a large number.

Yes, protons can absorb energy through interactions with high-energy photons or through collisions with other particles. When protons absorb energy, they can become excited and may transition to higher energy states. This energy absorption is important in various phenomena, such as particle interactions and nuclear reactions.

To find the configuration of a system, you typically need to identify the components, their properties, and their arrangement in relation to each other. This involves analyzing the system's structure, interactions, and constraints to determine the specific configuration. Software tools like simulation software or mathematical models can also be used to help in finding and analyzing the system's configuration.

No, electrons do not significantly contribute to the size of an atom. The size of an atom is primarily determined by the size of the electron cloud, which is the region around the nucleus where electrons are most likely to be found. Electrons themselves are tiny particles with negligible mass compared to the nucleus.

The H atoms in acetylene are slightly acidic because they are attached to a sp-hybridized carbon, leading to more s-character in the C-H bond, making it more polarized and thus easier to remove. In contrast, the H atoms in ethylene are attached to sp2-hybridized carbons, which have less s-character in the C-H bond, making them less acidic and not easily replaced by metals like Na or Ag.

To find the number of atoms in 64 g of sulfur (S), you need to first determine the molar mass of sulfur, which is approximately 32.06 g/mol. Then, use Avogadro's number (6.022 x 10^23 atoms/mol) to convert grams to atoms. In this case, you would have approximately 1.2 x 10^24 atoms in 64 g of sulfur.

When an electron jumps from a high energy state to a lower energy state, it emits electromagnetic radiation in the form of a specific wavelength or color of light. This emission produces a line spectrum, where only specific wavelengths are observed rather than a continuous range. This type of spectrum is characteristic of elements and can be used to identify them through spectroscopy.

An element that is a metal is more likely to give away its electrons because metals tend to lose electrons in chemical reactions to achieve a stable electron configuration. Sodium and potassium are common examples of metals that readily give away electrons.

The carbon atoms used to produce sugars during photosynthesis primarily come from carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Plants take in carbon dioxide through small openings in their leaves called stomata, and then use the energy from sunlight to convert the carbon dioxide into sugars through a series of biochemical reactions.

When an atom is of the same atomic number, atomic mass, etc. to the one on the periodic table (Lets use Boron for example) Then B is the regular atom. But if you change the number of neutrons (from 6-to-7 or whatever number) ; because the number of protons never changes; you will get a different atomic mass, so an isotope is the atom with a different atomic mass. You write an isotope atom with the elements symbol and to the left of it you script (In the top left corner really small like an exponent) the new atomic mass. So in this case B would now be 12B

Metals that lose electrons easily are called "reactive metals" or "electropositive metals." These metals have low ionization energies, which allow them to readily give up electrons to form positive ions.

Alkanes are hydrocarbons that have only single bonds between carbon atoms. They are saturated hydrocarbons with the general formula CnH2n+2, where n represents the number of carbon atoms in the molecule. Alkanes are relatively inert and have straight or branched chain structures.

At 12000 feet, the concentration of oxygen molecules in the air is the same as at sea level, which is about 21% of the total air composition. The total number of oxygen molecules present would depend on the total air pressure at that altitude.