Biotechnology

Goodwin Biotechnology was created in 1992.

InNexus Biotechnology was created in 2001.

Biotechnology has improved farming in modern agriculture by enabling the development of genetically modified crops that are more resistant to pests and diseases. These crops also have improved yields and nutritional content, helping to feed a growing global population. Additionally, biotechnology has led to the development of sustainable agricultural practices that reduce the environmental impact of farming.

insert genes that produce anti-insect chemicals into the plant !

Bacterial DNA is more interesting

One reason scientists use bacteria DNA in biotechnology rather than human DNA is that bacteria have simpler genetic structures and are easier to manipulate. Bacteria also reproduce quickly, allowing for rapid genetic modifications and testing. Additionally, using bacteria helps prevent potential ethical concerns associated with altering human DNA for scientific purposes.

Some key issues society will need to resolve regarding developing biotechnology like recombinant DNA technology include ethical considerations surrounding genetic modification of organisms, potential environmental impacts, regulatory oversight to ensure safety, and access to the benefits of biotechnology for all populations. Balancing innovation with ethical, environmental, and social concerns will be crucial in moving forward sustainably.

A biotechnology researcher conducts scientific experiments and studies in the field of biotechnology to develop new technologies, products, and solutions. They typically work in laboratory settings, analyze data, and publish research findings. A biotechnology technician assists researchers by conducting experiments, maintaining laboratory equipment, preparing samples, and recording data. They play a critical role in supporting research activities in the lab.

Gene therapy can be administered using viral vectors, which are genetically modified viruses that are used to deliver therapeutic genes into the patient's cells. These vectors can be injected directly into the target tissue or administered intravenously to reach various organs in the body. Another approach is ex vivo gene therapy, where cells are removed from the patient, genetically modified, and then infused back into the patient.

The principle role in DNA isolation that sodium docdecyl sulphate (or SDS for short) provides is in the break down of the cell wall/membrane of a bacterial cell.

The long hydrocarbon chain on the end of SDS is extremely hydrophobic, while its sulphate head is very hydrophilic. Because of this SDS will tend to stick itself into the cell membrane (because the inner part of the membrane is hydrophobic, and the outside is hydrophilic). However, SDS does not exactly fit into the membrane well, and will disrupt it, eventually causing the membrane to collapse.

Additionally, SDS's hydrophobic tails will tend to surround integral membrane proteins in the membranes of the cells (because the proteins are largely hydrophobic as well), and because of this surround of hydrophilic SDS heads, the protein will forceably be removed from the cell membrane. Once again, this contributes to the breakdown of the cell membrane.

Osmosis plays a crucial role in maintaining proper water balance within cells and tissues. It helps in the uptake of water and nutrients by cells and the removal of waste products. Osmosis also contributes to the regulation of cell volume and pressure, which are essential for cell function and overall physiological processes in biological systems.

Proteins are separated by SDS-PAGE based on their molecular weight. SDS denatures the proteins and gives them a negative charge, allowing them to be separated solely based on size as they migrate through the gel matrix towards the positive electrode. Smaller proteins move faster through the gel, while larger proteins migrate more slowly, resulting in separation based on size.

The optimal temperature for most proteases is around 37°C, which is the typical temperature inside the human body. However, optimal temperatures can vary depending on the specific type of protease and the organism it comes from. It's important to consider each protease's individual temperature requirements for maximum activity.

1- Genetic engineering

2- Stem cell therapy

3- Detection of various disease by using southern blotting,ELISA,PCR

4- Forensic sciences

5- DNA fingerprinting

5- Transgenic plants and animals

Since some biotech plants are pest resistant by design, they do not require the use of many pesticides or herbicides. When less herbicides are used, the soil is not damaged as much, and there is also less erosion.

The PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique is used to amplify a specific DNA sequence in a sample. By utilizing a cycle of heating and cooling, PCR replicates the targeted DNA region exponentially, generating millions of copies for further analysis in applications such as genetic testing, forensics, and disease diagnosis.

1. Always wear appropriate personal protective equipment, such as gloves, lab coats, and safety goggles, when handling biological materials or chemicals in the laboratory.
2. Ensure that all experiments are conducted in a designated area with proper ventilation and containment facilities to prevent contamination and accidental exposure to hazardous materials.

This depends on the habitat in which they live if they live in an area with low rainfall then they would have tap root to penetrate deep down in the soil for water and in areas with high rainfall they would have fibrous roots.

Forensic science plays a crucial role in biotechnology by providing tools and techniques for analyzing biological evidence found at crime scenes. It helps in identifying and analyzing DNA, proteins, and other molecules to assist in criminal investigations, paternity testing, and human identification. Forensic science in biotechnology also contributes to the development of methods for DNA sequencing, genotyping, and other molecular techniques.

6.30-6.50 may be optimum pH for the fungal diastase....

GM in science stands for genetic modification.

early method of getting insulin was from the pancreas of slaughtered cattle[mostly pigs]... However now a days it is prepared by the use of biotechnology.

insulin consists of two strands of peptide chains [A and B].. the DNA coding for peptide chain A and chain B were extracted and then were inserted in bacteria E.coli.... this bateria then replicates and forms multiple amount of chain A and B which are then extracted and joined by disulphide bonds....

this forms insulin.

Safety considerations with agricultural biotechnology include potential risks to human health, environment, and biodiversity. It is important to assess the unintended effects of genetically modified organisms (GMOs) on non-target organisms and ecosystems. Additionally, measures should be taken to prevent the development of resistance in pests and weeds to biotech traits. Regular monitoring and long-term studies are necessary to ensure the sustainable and safe use of agricultural biotechnology.

Restriction endonucleases are enzymes found in bacteria and archaea. They are part of the bacteria's defense mechanism against invading foreign DNA, such as viruses, by cutting it into smaller fragments. These enzymes are widely used in molecular biology for techniques like gene cloning and DNA fingerprinting.

Primers in PCR serve as starting points for DNA replication by binding to specific regions on the DNA template. They provide a free 3' hydroxyl group for DNA polymerase to extend from, initiating DNA synthesis. Primers are essential for amplifying the target DNA fragment during PCR.