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Computer Aided Design

Computer Aided Design (CAD) is the act of using computers to design an object. CAD techniques follow standard engineering design and drafting procedures, but use a computer to help speed up the process.

1,069 Questions

Cad is bri le an cre aspal?

Cre Aspal - creed of the Apostles (Irish)

State the imitation of ohm's law?

imitation of ohms law is that it can be applied only to linear devices it cannot be allowed to non linear devices...

What is the Difference between conceptual and technical design?

Conceptual Design

• written in customer's language

• explaining the observable external characteristics of

the system

• contains no technical jargon (If it does, define it.)

• describes the functions of the system

• is independent of implementation

• is linked to the requirements documents

Technical design

• describes of major hardware components and their

functions

• shows hierarchy (organization) and functions of the

software components

• shows data structures and data flow

• shows interfaces

What is a plane in auto cad terms?

Plane is the area provided to us for drawing in autoCAD. It may be of 2 types 2D plane or 3D plane, while viewing a 2D plane we can only see a 2D view of our drawing and on a 3D plane a 3D model created in autoCAD can be viewed.

What is Ramo's theorem?

it provides a way to calculate the time profile of charge collected on a electrode based on the geometry of the electrode and the motion of a charge distribution near the electrode. It basically determines the waveform (pulse shape) collected by an electrode due to the presence of a drifing charge, as would happen in, say, a solid state particle physics detector.

Design a Combinational circuit that has three input and one output the output is 1 when the binary value of the input is less than three the output is logic 0 otherwise?

If you are talking combinations, without binary number representations, then you are talking about a circuit that has a 1 output when any input is a 0. That is a 3 input NAND gate. If you are talking binary number representation, then you are talking about a circuit that has a 1 output when the inputs are 010, 001, or 000. Use a 3 to 8 decoder, with an OR gate on the low three outputs.

Define the efficiency of a rectifier?

The conversion efficiency n of a rectifier ckt is generally defined as

Na= dc power delivered to the load/ ac power input to the rectifier ckt. Or n = Pdc/Pac

What are the differences between quality of design and quality of conformance in software development?

Quality of design is the quality which the producer or supplier is intending to offer to the customer. When the producer is making the quality of design of the product, he should take into consideration the customer's requirements in order to satisfy them with fitness for use of the product. If the quality of design does not reflect the customer's requirements, the product which the producer offers him would not probably satisfy the customer, even if it does sufficiently conform to the design. Quality of design is usually indicated by completeness and correctness of specifications, drawings, catalogues, etc. and is measured with fitness for use.

Quality of conformanceis the level of the quality of product actually produced and delivered through the production or service process of the organization as per the specifications or design. When the quality of a product entirely conforms to the specification (design), the quality of conformance is deemed excellent.

Specifications are targets and tolerances determined by the designer of a product. Targets are the ideal values for which production is expected to strive; tolerances are acceptable deviations from these ideal values recognizing that it is difficult to meet the exact targets all the time due to variability in material, machine, men and process.

For example, if an engineering component manufacturer specifies the diameter of a steel pin as 2.525 + 0.005 mm, the value 2.525 is the target value and + 0.005 is the tolerance. In a similar way, in case of an Airline service, if on time arrival of a flight is specified as within 15 minutes of scheduled time, the target is scheduled time and tolerance is + 15 minutes.

Quality of design is meant to introduce a new product or upgrade an existing product to meet customer requirements whereas Quality of conformance is the measure which determines whether the product is being manufactured according the design without much deviation or dissimilarity.

Why doesnt the netstat command display any information about ICMP connections?

Netstat will display statistics for ICMP such as Packets Sent and Received

Try netstat -s

ICMP messages arent data packets that are usable by a computers user but by the OS itself, they indicated issues with connectivity in response to requests that are being sent from the computer. For example your computer requests a web page from a particular IP address, if your router is unable to establish a connection to that it will send an ICMP message back to your computer to let it know why.

Common messages that get sent are:

Echo reply (Ping)

Echo request (Ping)

Destination Unreachable

Netstat monitors TCP\UDP ports on the computer to monitor connections to the machine, ICMP is a lower level prototcol (IP) and hence doesnt maintain connections or actively listen for ICMP packets

How can you get your 3d skybox to work in Source SDK?

The method is relatively simple, but can be confusing, I recommend this tutorial to help you.

http://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/3D_Skybox

What has 3d modeling impacted on regular modeling?

3d modeling will soon take over and replace regular models with the use of 3d printing.

What is the difference Between under reinforced section and over reinforced section?

When the maximum stresses in steel and concrete simultaniously reaches allowable value the section is called balanced section when the %of steel in a section is less than that required for a balanced section it is under reinforced section when the %of steel in a section is more than that required for a balanced section it is over reinforced section

over reinforcement is as per section design I.e Ast1+Ast2>Ast Ast1+Ast2

An under-reinforced beam is one in which the tension capacity of the tensile reinforcement is smaller than the combined compression capacity of the concrete and the compression steel (under-reinforced at tensile face). When the reinforced concrete element is subject to increasing bending moment, the tension steel yields while the concrete does not reach its ultimate failure condition. As the tension steel yields and stretches, an "under-reinforced" concrete also yields in a ductile manner, exhibiting a large deformation and warning before its ultimate failure. In this case the yield stress of the steel governs the design.

An over-reinforced beam is one in which the tension capacity of the tension steel is greater than the combined compression capacity of the concrete and the compression steel (over-reinforced at tensile face). So the "over-reinforced concrete" beam fails by crushing of the compressive-zone concrete and before the tension zone steel yields, which does not provide any warning before failure as the failure is instantaneous.

What are the advantages and disadvantages of sky x technology?

One advantage of Sky X technology is it's ability to minimize the loss of data. A disadvantage to Sky X is the fact that everyone doesn't have access to it.

What are the advantages of autocad over manual drafting?

  • Three Dimensional Modeling: Creating 3D models manually is a very difficult and tiresome job. 3D CAD packages have many more powerful features for creating the 3D models easily.
  • Easy to Modify: Modifying the CAD geometry is easy; you will always have "copy", "cut", "paste", "delete", "move" or some similar editing options available with each of the packages.
  • Easy to Reproduce: Draftsmen used to take days to complete a drawing by manual drafting, and reproducing the drawing meant recreating the drawing from the beginning. But, in case of the CAD, you can reproduce the drawing in no time and make as many copies as you want.
  • Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM): The 3D CAD geometry is used as input for the CAM packages for generating NC codes. The manual drawings cannot be used for CAM packages.
  • Computer Aided Engineering (CAE): The 3D CAD geometry is used as input for the CAE packages. The CAE packages can simulate the loading conditions and tell whether the CAD geometry can withstand the real loading or not. The drawings created manually cannot be used for CAE.
  • Simulation of the Mechanisms: The 3D CAD geometry can be used for simulating the mechanism, thus you can check the functionality of a machine without investing in prototype building. Manual drawings cannot be used for mechanism simulation.
  • Database Creation: The CAD files can be used to create a PDM/PLM database. Once created, the CAD database can be accessed through a wide area network. The drawings created by manual drafting can only be stored locally.
  • Logical: CAD models or geometry entities are logically connected, or in other words you cannot create a CAD model which is not possible practically. The drawings created by the manual drafting method do not have such checks, and you can create anything.
  • Environment Friendly: Manual drawings are necessarily created on paper, but the CAD drawings can be stored and used electronically without using paper.
  • Access Control: Some of the drawings and design documents are very crucial for a company's business, and such drawings should not be accessible to all. Providing access controls of such drawings are easy for the CAD drawings, and the access level can be defined for each CAD drawings. Strict access control and maintaining confidentiality is difficult for the manual drawings.

What does cad mean in incoterms?

CAD is a self-made Incoterm like FOC (free of charge)
It doesn't exsist in Incoterms 2010.
The correct Incoterms 2010 are:
EXW ex works
FCA Free carrier
CPT Carriage paid to
CIP Carriage and insurance paid
DAT Delivered at terminal
DAP Delivered at place
DDP Deivered duty paid
FAS Free alongside ship
FOB Free on board
CFR Cost and freight
CIF Cost insurance and freight

Can it mean Cash Against Documents?

What is a CAD platform and how is it different than a CAD system?

A CAD platform is a program such as AutoCAD and a CAD sytem is a connection between CAD and CAM Products.

How can represent digital and analog information?

Digital quantized information and analog is just information. Like the letter "i" on your screen is digital and made up of a few pixels= quantized. The letter "i" drawn on a piece of paper is not quantized = analog.