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Computer Aided Design
Computer Aided Design (CAD) is the act of using computers to design an object. CAD techniques follow standard engineering design and drafting procedures, but use a computer to help speed up the process.
1,069 Questions
What is Tab sequential format for CNC?
3.4.1 Structure of an NC Part Program
Commands are input into the controller in units called blocks or statements.
Block Format:
1. Fixed sequential format
2. Tab sequential format
3. Word address format
EXAMPLE:
Assume that a drilling operation is to be programmed as:
1. The tool is positioned at (25.4,12.5,0) by a rapid movement.
2. The tool is then advanced -10 mm in the z direction at a feed rate of 500 mm/min., with the
flood coolant on.
3. The is then retracted back 10 mm at the rapid feed rate, and the coolant is turned off.
1. Fixed sequential format
0050 00 +0025400 +0012500 +0000000 0000 00
0060 01 +0025400 +0012500 -0010000 0500 08
0070 00 +0025400 +0012500 +0000000 0000 09
2. Tab sequential format
0050 TAB 00 TAB +0025400 TAB +0012500 TAB +0000000 TAB TAB
0060 TAB 01 TAB TAB TAB -0010000 TAB 0500 TAB 08
0070 TAB 00 TAB TAB TAB -0000000 TAB 0000 TAB 09
3. Word address format
N50 G00 X25400 Y125 Z0 F0
N60 G01 Z-10000 F500 M08
N70 G00 Z0 M09
What is a reprogrammable microcomputer?
A microcomputer is a small, relatively inexpensive computer having a central processing unit (CPU) made out of a microprocessor.[2] The computer also includes memory and input/output (I/O) circuitry together mounted on a printed circuit board (PCB).[3] Microcomputers became popular in the 1970s and 1980s with the advent of increasingly powerful microprocessors. The predecessors to these computers, mainframes and minicomputers, were comparatively much larger and more expensive (though indeed present-day mainframes such as the IBM System z machines use one or more custom microprocessors as their CPUs).
A constant that multiplies a variable?
A constant that multiplies a variable is no longer a constant. By its very definition, a constant is something that can never be different. The result of variable multiplication is thus a variable, not a constant.
I would say that the above answer is not necessarily true. The common equation for the area of a circle is: area = pi * r2
The fact that you are multiplying the mathematical constant pi by a variable does not change the value of pi.
Agree with the second answer. Jsut to add, a constant that multplies a variable is called a coefficient.
Upstream data is data from process units upstream of whatever unit you are concerned with. Usually this includes such properties as temperature, pressure, density, composition, enthalpy, heat capacity, etc.
Does 10BaseT cable need terminators?
Every transmission line requires termination, either in the form of the ultimate load, such as an antenna, or in the form of some kind of resistor. 10BaseT is no different.
However, that termination is usually built in to the device in which the cable is plugged. This is different from older systems, such as ArcNet, where the coax cable requires termination on each of the far ends. This is because the 10BaseT system is a star system rather than a partial ring system, so the termination is not a function of the chosen topology.
The reason termination is required in a transmission line is that every step change in characteristic impedance encountered by the wave front as it propagates through the line results in some kind of reflection back towards the source. These reflections result in distortion, loss of power, even damage to the transmitter or circuit.
To reinforce this understanding, consider the 75 Ohm coax cable typically used in a television distribution system. In the simplest case, you connect a cable from the service entrance to the TV set, and you are properly terminated. If, however, you use a splitter, such as for a TV set and a VCR, you now have three transmission lines, one to the splitter and two from the splitter. Is the RF output of the VCR connected to something? It should be, either to a TV set or to a terminator, otherwise there will be problems due to ringing, interference, ghosting, etc.
The trimmer resistor is a calibration device used to correct (trim) the resistance of some other resistor. An example might be the feedback loop of an op-amp in common mode. If you wanted a gain of two, you might use a resistor divider with a two to one ratio. Resistors have tolerance, however, so the stated value will not be exact. You place a trimmer resistor in series with one of the other resistors, picking the value so that, if the two other resitors were exact, the trimmer is set to midpoint, and that the trimmer's range covers the expected tolerance of the other resistors. Then you calibrate the circuit to the expected gain using the trimmer.
How can your outline help you if you get stuck while drafting?
Your outline helps you see the organizational path that you have already set.
Your outline lets you review your original ideas.
While you are drafting what should you do if you get stuck?
Revisit your outline and use it to find a solution
options
State the imitation of ohm's law?
imitation of ohms law is that it can be applied only to linear devices it cannot be allowed to non linear devices...
What is the Difference between conceptual and technical design?
Conceptual Design
• written in customer's language
• explaining the observable external characteristics of
the system
• contains no technical jargon (If it does, define it.)
• describes the functions of the system
• is independent of implementation
• is linked to the requirements documents
Technical design
• describes of major hardware components and their
functions
• shows hierarchy (organization) and functions of the
software components
• shows data structures and data flow
• shows interfaces
What is a plane in auto cad terms?
Plane is the area provided to us for drawing in autoCAD. It may be of 2 types 2D plane or 3D plane, while viewing a 2D plane we can only see a 2D view of our drawing and on a 3D plane a 3D model created in autoCAD can be viewed.
it provides a way to calculate the time profile of charge collected on a electrode based on the geometry of the electrode and the motion of a charge distribution near the electrode. It basically determines the waveform (pulse shape) collected by an electrode due to the presence of a drifing charge, as would happen in, say, a solid state particle physics detector.
If you are talking combinations, without binary number representations, then you are talking about a circuit that has a 1 output when any input is a 0. That is a 3 input NAND gate. If you are talking binary number representation, then you are talking about a circuit that has a 1 output when the inputs are 010, 001, or 000. Use a 3 to 8 decoder, with an OR gate on the low three outputs.
Define the efficiency of a rectifier?
The conversion efficiency n of a rectifier ckt is generally defined as
Na= dc power delivered to the load/ ac power input to the rectifier ckt. Or n = Pdc/Pac
Quality of design is the quality which the producer or supplier is intending to offer to the customer. When the producer is making the quality of design of the product, he should take into consideration the customer's requirements in order to satisfy them with fitness for use of the product. If the quality of design does not reflect the customer's requirements, the product which the producer offers him would not probably satisfy the customer, even if it does sufficiently conform to the design. Quality of design is usually indicated by completeness and correctness of specifications, drawings, catalogues, etc. and is measured with fitness for use.
Quality of conformanceis the level of the quality of product actually produced and delivered through the production or service process of the organization as per the specifications or design. When the quality of a product entirely conforms to the specification (design), the quality of conformance is deemed excellent.
Specifications are targets and tolerances determined by the designer of a product. Targets are the ideal values for which production is expected to strive; tolerances are acceptable deviations from these ideal values recognizing that it is difficult to meet the exact targets all the time due to variability in material, machine, men and process.
For example, if an engineering component manufacturer specifies the diameter of a steel pin as 2.525 + 0.005 mm, the value 2.525 is the target value and + 0.005 is the tolerance. In a similar way, in case of an Airline service, if on time arrival of a flight is specified as within 15 minutes of scheduled time, the target is scheduled time and tolerance is + 15 minutes.
Quality of design is meant to introduce a new product or upgrade an existing product to meet customer requirements whereas Quality of conformance is the measure which determines whether the product is being manufactured according the design without much deviation or dissimilarity.
Why doesnt the netstat command display any information about ICMP connections?
Netstat will display statistics for ICMP such as Packets Sent and Received
Try netstat -s
ICMP messages arent data packets that are usable by a computers user but by the OS itself, they indicated issues with connectivity in response to requests that are being sent from the computer. For example your computer requests a web page from a particular IP address, if your router is unable to establish a connection to that it will send an ICMP message back to your computer to let it know why.
Common messages that get sent are:
Echo reply (Ping)
Echo request (Ping)
Destination Unreachable
Netstat monitors TCP\UDP ports on the computer to monitor connections to the machine, ICMP is a lower level prototcol (IP) and hence doesnt maintain connections or actively listen for ICMP packets
How can you get your 3d skybox to work in Source SDK?
The method is relatively simple, but can be confusing, I recommend this tutorial to help you.
http://developer.valvesoftware.com/wiki/3D_Skybox
What are the advantages and disadvantages of sky x technology?
One advantage of Sky X technology is it's ability to minimize the loss of data. A disadvantage to Sky X is the fact that everyone doesn't have access to it.
What are the advantages of autocad over manual drafting?
- Three Dimensional Modeling: Creating 3D models manually is a very difficult and tiresome job. 3D CAD packages have many more powerful features for creating the 3D models easily.
- Easy to Modify: Modifying the CAD geometry is easy; you will always have "copy", "cut", "paste", "delete", "move" or some similar editing options available with each of the packages.
- Easy to Reproduce: Draftsmen used to take days to complete a drawing by manual drafting, and reproducing the drawing meant recreating the drawing from the beginning. But, in case of the CAD, you can reproduce the drawing in no time and make as many copies as you want.
- Computer Aided Manufacturing (CAM): The 3D CAD geometry is used as input for the CAM packages for generating NC codes. The manual drawings cannot be used for CAM packages.
- Computer Aided Engineering (CAE): The 3D CAD geometry is used as input for the CAE packages. The CAE packages can simulate the loading conditions and tell whether the CAD geometry can withstand the real loading or not. The drawings created manually cannot be used for CAE.
- Simulation of the Mechanisms: The 3D CAD geometry can be used for simulating the mechanism, thus you can check the functionality of a machine without investing in prototype building. Manual drawings cannot be used for mechanism simulation.
- Database Creation: The CAD files can be used to create a PDM/PLM database. Once created, the CAD database can be accessed through a wide area network. The drawings created by manual drafting can only be stored locally.
- Logical: CAD models or geometry entities are logically connected, or in other words you cannot create a CAD model which is not possible practically. The drawings created by the manual drafting method do not have such checks, and you can create anything.
- Environment Friendly: Manual drawings are necessarily created on paper, but the CAD drawings can be stored and used electronically without using paper.
- Access Control: Some of the drawings and design documents are very crucial for a company's business, and such drawings should not be accessible to all. Providing access controls of such drawings are easy for the CAD drawings, and the access level can be defined for each CAD drawings. Strict access control and maintaining confidentiality is difficult for the manual drawings.
What does cad mean in incoterms?
CAD is a self-made Incoterm like FOC (free of charge)
It doesn't exsist in Incoterms 2010.
The correct Incoterms 2010 are:
EXW ex works
FCA Free carrier
CPT Carriage paid to
CIP Carriage and insurance paid
DAT Delivered at terminal
DAP Delivered at place
DDP Deivered duty paid
FAS Free alongside ship
FOB Free on board
CFR Cost and freight
CIF Cost insurance and freight
Can it mean Cash Against Documents?
What is a CAD platform and how is it different than a CAD system?
A CAD platform is a program such as AutoCAD and a CAD sytem is a connection between CAD and CAM Products.
