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Database Programming

Databases are collections of tables that maintain and display information, often collaboratively; this information can be used for interaction with an application or gaining general knowledge. Questions about database engines and modifying or using them belong in this category.

8,803 Questions

What is database practitioners?

Computer Science Professionals those who design, manage, maintain & develop Databases (Information Storage Houses) are Database Practitioners. The roles of Database Practitioners are well diversified such as Database Administrators, Database Analyst, Database Designers (Database Modelling) etc.

What are the constraints of a flat-file database?

Flat file databases are not considered as Databases, rather they are files that are used as Databases.

Some constraints with Flat File Databases:

1. Slow access to information.

2. Less reliability (prone to corruption).

3. Doesn't offer scalability as Information size grows.

4. Adding new categories id difficult

What is offline database?

Offline database refers to the database that is available locally and not located in a remote location. There are also embedded databases that are available locally to the application. Sqllite is an embedded database.

E-R Diagram for Net banking?

Refer to " saiful islam saif rashida aamir qureshi data base management systems-A challenge simplified"

What is the explanation for the role of the database administrator?

A database administrator oversees all aspects of the database. He/she will be the person who has the ability to make anything happen with the management of the database.

Describe the purpose of normalizing data and also list out the dependencies involved in the process of normalization?

The purpose of normalizing data in DBMS is to reduce the data redundancy and increase the consistency of data.

a) Partial dependency: non-prime attribute ( field) depends on other non-prime attributes

b) Functional dependency

c) Transitive dependency

What are the advantage of displacement step diagram of pnumatic control system?

To illustrate the sequence of events in the movement of the actuators. The cylinder movements are classified 1s and 0s (on and off) and the change in state is the difference between the steps. This aids in the programming or wiring of the actuators to perform the required operations.

  1. The overall block diagram of a system can be easily drawn by connecting the blocks according to the signal flow. It is also possible to evaluate the contribution of each of the components towards the overall performance of the control system.
  2. Block diagram helps in understanding the functional operation of the system more readily than examination of the actual control system physically. It may be noted that a block diagram drawn for a system is not unique, that is, there may be alternative ways of representation of a system in block diagram form.

What are the characteristics of interactive data processing?

1. Batch Processingo Batch programming allows an end-user or supervisor to execute a series of programs without human intervention. These programs are scheduled to start a computer system by using an automated routine created to let programs run in batches. Batch programming allows for the sequential processing of data. Batch processing can update records after the last record in the database is reached. Real Time Processingo Real time processing is a dynamic data processing ability which allows instant updates of database records due to a transaction being performed on a record. Real time processing keeps databases updated with instant access to the latest record changes through query, inquiry or exception report. On-Line Processingo On-Line processing allows for the processing of information on the system at the same time through two or more systems. For example, a banking institution has an on-line system. Tellers can service different accounts at the same time, check balances and perform inquiries. The different between on-line processing and real-time processing is that online processing provides only query and payment services and not the reporting function. Distributed Data Processingo Distributed processing is the dissemination of centralized databases and programs across various networks and servers which may not be located in the same work area, building or even geographical region. Regardless of where centralized applications are in the grand scheme of the network, distributed data processing allows for applications to be accessed by end users.

Advantages and disadvantages of a MySQL database?

PRO:

fairly easy syntax

good management tool (phpmyadmin)

easy to integrate and use with PHP, Ruby etc.

very common therefore lots of tutorials and howtos

CONS:

performance

bad or missing RDMS features (like postgreSQL or other systems have)

limited capacities storage-wise

Is availability timely reliable access to data and information services for authorized users?

Not necessarily. Availability is the ability to access data when required but it says nothing about "timely", which is a vague concept.

In other words, FALSE.

What are the Advantages of a manual inventory system?

Simplicity

For a very small business that carries a limited amount of inventory or that turns over inventory slowly, a mechanized inventory system is unnecessary. The business owner can easily keep track of how much merchandise is on hand with a manual system, or simply by applying the "eyeball test" to see if it is time to order more. The owner won't need to spend money on inventory software or take the time to learn how to operate it.

Sense of Control

A manual system gives a small business owner a greater sense of control. Rather than relying on a computer to indicate when it's time to reorder, the owner can manage the process on his own. The need to view his merchandise on a regular basis, such as when counting stock before placing an order, gives him the opportunity to assess the condition of his merchandise, reducing the chance of a customer receiving damaged goods.

What is the primary purpose of a report in database?

The purpose for the reports is so that it will show you how many reports you have.

How is the decimal number 7 written in binary?

This is my own way of finding a binary of a number. We all know that binary is in base 2 (it only have 2 values - 0 and 1). Here is how I do it:

Steps:

1) Divide the number by 2. If there is a remainder, then write the number 1 as the first binary number otherwise write 0.

Ex:

7/2 = 3.5 ---> Since there's a remainder write 1.

8/2 = 4 ---> If there's no remainder write 0.

2) Repeat the first step using the value that was derived on the first one. Continue doing so until the number is not less than 1

Ex:

3/2 = 1.5 ---> Our binary now is 11.

4/2 = 2 ---> Our binary here is 00.

Repeat:

1/2 = 0.5 ---> Since the number is less than zero, just write the final result. Our binary now is 111.

2/2 = 1 ---> Again here we write 000.

1/2 = 0.5 ---> Now we write it as 0001.

3) After getting the final value, reverse your answer and it will now be the binary form.

Answer:

710 = 1112

810 = 10002

Note: Please edit my answer if you are a bit confuse with the steps.