Electronics Engineering

NTC is negative temp coefficient transducer,working with resistor while lm 35 is an IC type transducer

A: ABSOLUTELY but only in its function . To implement a change requires additional power requirements and design

Gunn Diodes are used in high frequency electronics. The advantages are increased efficiency and improved temperature stability while a disadvantage is the Gunn Diode can get burned out.

A magnet or electromagnet.

Bare PCB Board

In PCB terminology, the term “bare board” refers to the state of a PCB before it receives electronic components or through holes. A bare board consists of the PCB’s substrate, metal coating, conductive pathways and patterns. Some industry experts call a bare board a PCB and an assembled board a PCBA.

Benefits of Bare Board Testing

Bare board testing in the PCB design process can lead to:

Cost savings: Extensive testing in early design stages can help you save on the costs associated with faulty assembled PCBs.

Streamlined production: By identifying issues in the prototyping stage, you can save time in later phases of production.

Issue resolution: Bare board testing will help you identify potential issues early in production while narrowing down each problem’s source.

A: A buss is a voltage that supply all of the circuits involved into a particular electronics package. It really means the main source of power and it can be AC too. Englishmen call it the poke or rail in the States is BUSS

The yokogawa dcs or any other dcs consists of a minimum of one field control station and a human interface system.

In an FCS( Field control station) there are different nodes consisting of different cards to which the inputs are connected and outputs are taken out after processing. The selection of cards and the number of cards in each node depends on various parameters.

The selection of these cards and the loading of them in each node taken into account of all the parameters is called NEST LOADING. It depends on whether the input or output is digital or analog.. voltage or current... coming from a RTD or thermocouple or whether its a field-bus input etc.. and the CPU loading.

P = IV

Where: P = power in watts, I = Current, and V= Voltage

Using ohms law: V = IR where V=Voltage, I = Current, and R= Resistance

First solve for I,

I = V/R, 12/30 = .4

Then use the power equation:

P = .4*12 = 4.8 Watts

It is IC for logic AND gate.

A: Is clearly evident if thevenin theorem are applied since it show that circuit no matter how complex it can be reduced to two components eventualy by reducing each part to equivalent circuit

The sub-micron CMOS technology has channel length less than 1 micrometer

To calculate the DG set current, you need the load current and the load voltage. To convert it into kilowatts it is divided by 1000.

It is a circuit that behaves the same way if it is connected in the opposite direction. The term is typically used for components in electrical circuits. For example, a resistor behaves the same way no matter if it's connected left-to-right ot right-to-left. In contrast, a diode is not a bilateral component, because it conducts current in one direction, and does not conduct in the other.

A: Refers two two diodes connected as it say back to back for gates applications.

200

A: 1111111111 Learn with me first number is a 1 second is 2 third is 4 forth is 8,16,32,64.128.256.512,1024 and so forth if you add this numbers it will get the decimal equivalent, any zero along the way their number is not added but is skipped to the next number which is added as as its own value.

For long values engineering uses octal notation group of 3 111=7 next 7,7,1 There is also hexadecimal notation group of 4 as 1111

to avoid the high reluctance. joint are eliminated in the layers (butt joints)

The 3 wires on a Thyristor are colour coded in order not to connect the wrong wire to the incorrect part of the circuit. The three wires are called: anode (OV), cathode (output) and gate (input signal). Sorry I don't know the colours but I hope this helps.

In order to connect four 2 microfarad capacitors such that the total capacitance is still 2 microfarads, connect two pairs of capacitors in series, and then connect the pairs in parallel. It does not matter, since all four capacitors are equal in value, if the center point is connected together or not.

no transformer is not necessary for rectification today most of power supplies have been made without using transformer in order to reduce weight and size of power supply.for example SMPS(switch mode poqwer supply)

A diode has a fixed voltage drop (c), and if the voltage is less than that, no (or very little) current flows. Once the voltage increases above the voltage drop, the current increases exponentially as the voltage increases. A function that models this is:

I = exp(b*(V-c))

where V is the voltage, I is the current, c is the voltage drop and b is a parameter that determines how fast the current increases; the value of b varies from one diode to another

DRLC (Different Room Link Control) which lets you setup an optional remote control receiver in another room, and connect it to an input jack (that doesn't exist on my unit).

If the receiver is played at maximum volume, it will go into protect mode. Heat has something to do with it, as does the output capacitors. If both A and B speakers are turned on, the surround sound must be turned off. If protect mode occurs when operating with a DVD, the sampling frequency may be set too high (which probably isn't the issue with our stone-age DVD)

This problem also occurs on my STR-D790. The problem occurred for us in the winter, and the house was 69 degF. The unit is in an enclosure that gets warm, but not hot, and the configuration has been the same for a long time. We don't operate the unit at high volume, and only the A speakers were on.

I'm guessing that the problem is that the unit contains aluminum electrolytic output capacitors, and that they are drying out with age and losing their capacitance. The problem is intermittent now, but likely to get worse. These devices are known to have a limited lifespan.

I have not attempted to repair it yet, but if you wish to give it a shot try the following:

1) Unplug the unit (duh) and take your time getting it apart so the capacitors have a chance to discharge. Remove the internal circuit boards that have large cylindrical aluminum things with markings that include "uFd" (microfarads). If any of those have tops that look like they have ballooned out, they are shorted and definitely bad, but that isn't likely in this case.

2) Short across the terminals of each capacitor for a few seconds to discharge them. They are like little batteries. If it isn't there already, mark the circuit board with which side is the "+" terminal, based on the marking on the side of the capacitor.

3) Unsolder one or both leads, and measure the capacitor with that setting of a DMM if you have one available that does that. If it measures to its rated value, its probably okay...for now. If in doubt or you don't have the equipment to measure them, replace all the big ones.

4) Take the board to Radio Shack or an electronics parts store and get replacement parts. Newark Electronics or Digikey is good too. The voltage rating of the new part can be greater, the uFD rating can be a little greater, but it still has to fit in the location.

This is obviously pretty deep DIY.

The two resistor voltage divider is used often to supply a voltage different from that of an available battery or power supply. In application the output voltage depends upon the resistance of the load it drives.

A: Depends on meter leads voltage polarity and the diode itself orientation to these polarity. One way is should show a low impedance + to anode Reverse the diode it should be hi impedance

selective fading