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Fluid Dynamics
The study of the motion of fluids (liquids and gases) and the forces causing this motion, Fluid Dynamics has several subdisciplines, including hydrodynamics and aerodynamics. To ask and answer questions about Fluid dynamics and its subdisciplines, come on in to the Fluid Dynamics category.
621 Questions
Does water evaporate - or condense - to become water vapour?
Water Vapour is water in a gaseous state, so it has to evaporate to become a gas.
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When matter gains enough energy, it changes state, from a solid to a liquid or a liquid to a gas.
In rare cases it can change from a solid to a gas also.
How hydraulic lift uses pascal's law?
Hydraulic systems use a incompressible fluid, such as oil or water, to transmit forces from one location to another within the fluid. Most aircraft use hydraulics in the braking systems and landing gear. Pneumatic systems use compressible fluid, such as air, in their operation. Some aircraft utilize pneumatic systems for their brakes, landing gear and movement of flaps.
Pascal's law states that when there is an increase in pressure at any point in a confined fluid, there is an equal increase at every other point in the container.
A container, as shown below, contains a fluid. There is an increase in pressure as the length of the column of liquid increases, due to the increased mass of the fluid above.
For example, in the figure below, P3 would be the highest value of the three pressure readings, because it has the highest level of fluid above it.
If the above container had an increase in overall pressure, that same added pressure would affect each of the gauges (and the liquid throughout) the same. For example P1, P2, P3 were originally 1, 3, 5 units of pressure, and 5 units of pressure were added to the system, the new readings would be 6, 8, and 10.
Applied to a more complex system below, such as a hydraulic car lift, Pascal's law allows forces to be multiplied. The cylinder on the left shows a cross-section area of 1 square inch, while the cylinder on the right shows a cross-section area of 10 square inches. The cylinder on the left has a weight (force) on 1 pound acting downward on the piston, which lowers the fluid 10 inches. As a result of this force, the piston on the right lifts a 10 pound weight a distance of 1 inch.
The 1 pound load on the 1 square inch area causes an increase in pressure on the fluid in the system. This pressure is distributed equally throughout and acts on every square inch of the 10 square inch area of the large piston. As a result, the larger piston lifts up a 10 pound weight. The larger the cross-section area of the second piston, the larger the mechanical advantage, and the more weight it lifts.
The formulas that relate to this are shown below:P1 = P2(since the pressures are equal throughout).
Since pressure equals force per unit area, then it follows thatF1/A1 = F2/A2
It can be shown by substitution that the values shown above are correct,
1 pound / 1 square inches = 10 pounds / 10 square inches
Because the volume of fluid pushed down on the left side equals the volume of fluid that is lifted up on the right side, the following formula is also true.V1 = V2
by substitution,A1 D1 = A2 D2
- A = cross sectional area
- D = the distance moved
orA1/A2= D2/D1
This system can be thought of as a simple machine (lever), since force is multiplied.The mechanical advantage can be found by rearranging terms in the above equation to
Does density of water increase or decrease the surface tension of water?
The surface tension of water is due to cohesive forces between water molecules. Density does not directly affect surface tension, but impurities or additives can alter it. Essentially, the surface tension of water remains constant regardless of its density.
What does Piano mean in dynamics?
"Piano" in dynamics refers to playing music softly or quietly. It is often indicated in sheet music by the letter "p" marking.
What is computation fluid dynamics?
Computational fluid dynamic uses computers to analyze and solve problems with the way that fluids flow. The computer uses algorithms which simulate varying conditions in order to optimize fluid flow performance.
How does projectile motion compare with Magnus effect?
Projectile motion refers to the motion of an object moving through a gravitational field, such as a ball thrown in the air. The Magnus effect, on the other hand, is a phenomenon where a spinning object experiences a sideways force perpendicular to its direction of motion, affecting its trajectory. In essence, projectile motion is a general term for the motion of objects in a gravitational field, while the Magnus effect is a specific effect caused by rotation.
What is bluff body in fluid mechanics?
A bluff body is an object that disrupts the flow of a fluid, creating turbulence and drag. It is characterized by having a large cross-sectional area relative to its length, which leads to separation of flow and formation of vortices around the object. Bluff bodies are commonly used in fluid mechanics research to study aerodynamics and flow characteristics.
What are the damage of friction?
All energy ultimately ends up as heat, thus, all physical processes' ultimate 'waste' products is heat Friction always creates heat, and an increase in friction always creates an increase in (waste) heat...remember Second Law of Thermodynamics, right? Thus: Friction increase increases heat; increases waste and thereby decreases efficiency, without even considering the damage that the increased heat can create
Since volume is an extensive property, there is no particular constant associated with it - indeed, by virtue of being an extensive property, it is not constant unless the mass, temperature, pressure, phase, and composition remain constant.
There are, of course, conversion factors between different volume units - and the conversion factors are constants.
"Kinetic head" is not a common term in physics or engineering. It may refer to the kinetic energy of an object traveling with a certain velocity or the energy associated with the movement of fluid in a system. Clarification would be needed to provide a more specific answer.
What is centripital force and how it works is a dishwasher?
Centripetal force is the force that keeps an object moving in a circular path. In a dishwasher, this force is responsible for keeping the water and detergent mixture moving in a circular motion to effectively clean the dishes by preventing them from sliding around and ensuring they are thoroughly washed.
What is the coefficient of friction of frac sand?
The coefficient of friction of frac sand varies depending on factors like particle size, shape, and moisture content. On average, the coefficient of friction for dry frac sand on steel surfaces is around 0.6 to 0.8. However, this value can change based on specific conditions and test methods used.
Yes, if its in the right form.
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Just about any substance can be made to float on water by displacement. Extremely small masses can also be supported by the surface tension of water. Depending on the mass and form, graphite can do either.
White exhaust usually means that there is water in the combustion chamber and there is a crack somewhere. Pull out the dipstick and see if the oil is a milky white. If it is then you have either a cracked head or a cracked block. Heads cam be replaced somewhat affordable by a reputable mechanic, cracked block the engine is toast needs to be replaced.
Fire demand refers to the amount of water required to extinguish a fire. It is calculated based on factors such as the size of the fire, the type of materials burning, and the fire's intensity. Understanding fire demand is crucial for ensuring that fire protection systems, such as sprinklers, are designed to effectively control and suppress fires.
What is the significance of knowing the specific gravity of fluids?
Knowing the specific gravity of fluids is important for various reasons such as determining their density, comparing different fluids, and aiding in the identification of unknown substances. It also helps in designing and operating equipment like pumps and pipelines and is essential in various industries including oil and gas, chemical engineering, and medicine.
What is the density of glycerol at 50 degrees Celsius?
It is 1244.3 kg per cubic metre (= 1.2443 grams per ml).
How do you find a surface tension by dripping silicone oil from a needle inside the water?
i am doing this experiment to find the surface tension. as i am using silicone oil and water. the needle is dipped in the water and produced silicone bubble and took images. i found the angle but i don't know which equation to use. please if anyone can help me out with the equation. thanks
What are characteristics of a fluid?
Fluids have the ability to flow and take the shape of their container. They have low shear modulus and can exert pressure in all directions. Additionally, fluids are unable to sustain a shear stress for long periods of time.
What is the water pressure at the titanic site?
The water pressure at the Titanic site is approximately 6,000 pounds per square inch (psi) due to the depth of around 12,500 feet where the shipwreck lies. This extreme pressure makes it difficult for deep-sea exploration and poses challenges for any human diving missions.
Which spreads faster on the floor water or kerosene?
Water spreads faster on the floor compared to kerosene. This is because water has lower surface tension and higher adhesion properties, allowing it to cover a larger area quickly. Kerosene, on the other hand, has higher viscosity and lower adhesion properties, causing it to spread more slowly.
What is the importance of knowing the volumetric flow rate in a pipe?
Knowing the volumetric flow rate in a pipe is important because it helps determine the amount of fluid passing through the pipe per unit time. This information is essential for designing piping systems, calculating process efficiencies, and monitoring fluid delivery in various industries such as manufacturing, oil and gas, and water treatment.
Can airplane be static in air?
Theoretically, yes. The force in which balances gravity and keeps the plane in air is produced by the relative speed between the air and the plane's wings. When the air is still, the plane has to move (fast!), relative to the air. If the planes is to be static, then the air has to move: really fast. However, winds of such strengths are rather unlikely concerning passanger jets and large planes. For small (model planes, etc), it is hightly possible.
When does an object have positive buoyancy?
An object has positive buoyancy when it weighs less than the fluid it displaces. This causes the object to float in the fluid, as the buoyant force pushing upward is greater than the force of gravity pulling downward. Objects with positive buoyancy will naturally rise to the surface of a fluid.
