Galileo

Aristotelian philosophers of Galileo's day railed at such a mathematical approach to physics, on the grounds that mathematicians pondered immaterial concepts, while Nature consisted entirely of matter. They looked down on mathematicians and denigrated the study of mathematics as inferior-even irrelevant-to natural philosophy. Nature, in their view, could not be expected to follow precise numerical rules.

But Galileo correctly envisioned the experimental, mathematical analysis of Nature as the wave of the future: "There will be opened a gateway and a road to a large and excellent science," he predicted, "into which minds more piercing than mine shall penetrate to recesses still deeper." Among the first to bear out this prophecy was Sir Isaac Newton, born within a year of Galileo's death, who codified mathematical laws of motion and universal gravitation.

Posterity agrees that Galileo's great genius lay in his ability to observe the world at hand, to understand the behavior of its parts, and to describe these in terms of mathematical proportions. For these achievements, Albert Einstein dubbed Galileo "the father of modern physics-indeed of modern science altogether."

In the early 17th century

Galileo is known for his contributions to the understanding of motion, as well as his improvements to the telescope that allowed him to observe celestial bodies. Newton is known for his laws of motion, universal gravitation, and development of calculus, which fundamentally changed the understanding of the universe and laid the foundation for classical mechanics.

Galileo Galilei feared persecution by the Catholic Church for his support of the heliocentric model of the solar system proposed by Copernicus. He was tried and convicted of heresy in 1633 for advocating this view, which contradicted the Church's geocentric teachings. As a result, he was placed under house arrest for the remainder of his life.

Galileo was born on February 15, 1564. He went to the University of Pisa in 1581, His father died in 1591, In 1609 he heard about the telescope and later invented one of his own. In 1610 he observed Jupiter's moons and proved that Venus orbited the sun. In 1616 he wrote the theory of tides, proving the Earth moves around the Sun. Kepler died in 1630. In 1633 he was arrested and imprisoned. Soon it was house arrest for life. In 1637 or 1638 he lost his eyesight, but continued working. On January 8, 1642, Galileo Galilei died.

This website is very good. http://galileo.rice.edu/chron/galileo.html

Galileo used inclined planes to study acceleration due to gravity because it allowed for a slower and more controlled observation of free fall. By tilting the plane at different angles, he could manipulate the acceleration of a rolling ball and observe how its motion changed. This approach helped him develop his understanding of uniform acceleration and the relationship between distance and time during free fall.

Galileo Galilei discovered that the Earth revolves around the Sun, not the other way around. This was a groundbreaking finding that supported the heliocentric model of the solar system proposed by Copernicus. Galileo's observations through his telescope also led to discoveries such as the moons of Jupiter and the phases of Venus.

Philosophers like René Descartes and David Hume have contributed to the modern understanding of the self, though their ideas are not directly reflected in current psychological or cognitive science models of the self. Modern psychology emphasizes the integration of various aspects of self, including cognition, emotions, and behavior, rather than focusing solely on rationality or perception.

Yes, Galileo's contributions to the fields of physics and astronomy revolutionized our understanding of the natural world. His advancements helped pave the way for the scientific revolution and shaped modern scientific inquiry. While he faced challenges from the authorities of his time, his work ultimately changed the course of scientific thought and laid the foundation for many of the discoveries and technologies we take for granted today.

No, he did not.

The widely regarded "father of quantum mechanics" was Planck, although at the time he did not understand his contirubtion, and it was unintentional.

It is almost impossible, however, to realisticaly choose a founder of quantum mechanics, as many people many many small contirbutions, many not udnerstanding their significance at the time, throughout the history of the field.

Galileo did not discover that the Earth is a sphere; this fact was already known by ancient Greek astronomers. However, Galileo's observations through his telescope, including the phases of Venus and the moons of Jupiter, provided further evidence to support the heliocentric model of the solar system proposed by Copernicus, which implied that Earth was also a sphere.

Isaac Newton is the great mathematician and physicist who brought together the theories and discoveries of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo under his theory of motion, known as the laws of motion and universal gravitation. His work laid the foundation for classical mechanics and revolutionized our understanding of the physical world.

Galileo was stubborn in his belief in heliocentrism, even in the face of strong opposition from the Catholic Church and prevailing scientific beliefs. He continued to advocate for the Copernican theory despite the risks it posed to his reputation and safety. Ultimately, his stubbornness led to conflict with the Church and his trial for heresy.

Galileo was often referred to by his classmates as "the philosopher" due to his interest and knowledge in various fields of study.

The dialog concerning the two chief world systems, Ptolemaic and Copernican, addresses the debate over the structure of the universe and the position of Earth within it. Galileo's support for the Copernican system, which placed the Sun at the center of the universe with Earth and other planets orbiting around it, challenged the longstanding belief in the geocentric model proposed by Ptolemy. This dialog reflects the clash between traditional views and new scientific discoveries during the Scientific Revolution.

He was too scared to publish his work because he was afraid of being caught by the Church, which strongly believed in the geocentric theory. Copernicus didn't publish his work until he was on his deathbed. Even when he did published it, it wasn't under his own name, instead under the name of 25-year-old George Rhetis.

Galileo made his first telescope in 1609, modeled after telescopes produced in other parts of Europe that could magnify objects three times. He created a telescope later that same year that could magnify objects twenty times. With this telescope, he was able to look at the moon,

Galileo analyzed his problems by breaking them down into smaller components, applying mathematical principles and experimentation to understand them better. He used observation, experimentation, and logical reasoning to challenge existing ideas and develop new theories. His meticulous and systematic approach to problem-solving paved the way for modern scientific methods.

Galileo was not a moral relativist; he believed in objective truths and tried to reconcile his scientific findings with his faith in God. While he did face opposition from the Catholic Church due to his findings, he did not reject God or his faith.

Galileo Galilei died on January 8, 1642 at the age of 77.

Galileo was convicted in 1633 because he went up against the Roman Catholic Church. He disagreed with their beliefs, so the Church took him to court, found him guilty of heresy --going against a religion-- and then sentencing Galileo to house arrest, but for the rest of his life.

About 99% of the population believed that the Earth was at the center of the universe. One major reason was because it had been the main belief since the time of Aristotle. Some people heard about Heliocentrism, but refused to accept it because they just didn't care. It didn't affect them in anyway if the earth was at the center or not. This society was very agrarian, so as long as the fields were good it didn't matter. The Scientific Revolution was a movement of the elite, a small percentage of the population which shared ideas in books that were meant to be read by intelligent people, not the laity.