Laboratory Testing

A clinical trial is one of the final stages of a long and careful cancer research process. Studies are done with cancer patients to find out whether promising approaches to cancer prevention, diagnosis, and treatment are safe and effective.

All of our cells have protein "identifier" tags (proteins) on them that assist the function of the immune system. We start off with an immune system that can recognise almost every type of protein that can be made.

This is attenuated while we are developing in the womb because we do not want our immune systems to recognise and begin attacking self. So any immune cells that do recognise us while we are developing are destroyed. When we are born we have an immune system that can recognise pretty much everything but self.

There are 4 main blood groupings (but actually many more) - A, B, AB, and O. Blood cells of the A type have a the A protein on them. B's have B protein, AB have both, and O have neither.

So if you are have blood type A, your immune system will not recognise your blood cells, but will mount an attack on blood type B, or AB because they have the foreign, never encountered B protein on them (and vice versa).

O type blood does not elicit an immune response in anyone because the body's immune system does not recognise it as being foreign because it does not have foreign proteins on it, thus it is Universally accepted. People who are AB type are lucky as they can take anyones blood - their immune system will not respond to A proteins or B proteins and O +ve is called universal donor ,AB is called universal recepeint

There is no scientific evidence to support specific fruits being better for a certain blood type. The key is to consume a variety of fruits to ensure a well-rounded nutrient intake that aligns with general healthy eating guidelines.

A white blood cell count of 13.6 x 10^9 cells/L is slightly elevated, which can indicate infection, inflammation, or other conditions like stress or certain medications. Further evaluation by a healthcare provider may be needed to determine the underlying cause.

People with type A blood have A antigens on their blood cells and anti-B antibodies floating throughout their blood. People with type B blood however have B antigens and anti-A antibodies. When the type A person receives a transfusion from the type B person, the anti-B antibodies will attack the incoming B antigen laced blood cells, marking it for removal by the rest of the immune system.

I'm not familiar with the term "blood segmenter." It may refer to a medical instrument or device used for segmenting blood samples into smaller portions for testing or analysis. However, without more context, it's difficult to provide a specific answer.

The term "lymphocyte" can be translated to "white blood cell"--lymphocytes are just one of a few different types of white blood cells in the body. The normal lymphocyte count for an adult is between 1000 and 4800 cells per microliter; lymphocytopenia is a lymphocyte count lower than the norm. Lymphocytes are important to the human immune system, so a low lymphocyte count may mean you're more vulnerable to infection or other problems.

Ellipsoid joints are synovial joints found in the body that allow for movement in two planes. They consist of an oval-shaped convex surface that fits into a concave depression on another bone. This type of joint allows for flexion and extension movements, as well as some rotation and side-to-side movements.

Phase IIB is specifically designed to study efficacy (how well the drug works at the prescribed dose(s)). Drug efficacy was usually studied in Phase III trials but the pressure to cut costs during the clinical trials process has increased the use of Phase IIB trials that can already give clues as to how effective the drug will be at treating a certain condition.

There is no widely recognized concept or term called "endocadia" in the field of science or medicine. It may be a misspelling or a term with limited usage. Can you provide more context or details so I can further assist you?

One example of a test taken from a dermal puncture is a blood glucose test. Dermal punctures are preferred for this test as they are less invasive, cause minimal discomfort, and can be easily performed on individuals with difficult-to-access veins such as infants or elderly patients.

Yes, parents with blood types A and B can have a child with O blood type if both parents are carriers of the O allele. This is because the parents can pass on the O allele to their child, resulting in the child having blood type O.

A stool sample is a small amount of feces collected for medical testing. It is used to diagnose various conditions such as infections, gastrointestinal disorders, and parasites by analyzing the presence of bacteria, blood, parasites, or other substances in the stool.

O positive blood type can be transfused to individuals with O positive and O negative blood types. It is considered a universal donor for Rh positive blood types, but is not suitable for those with Rh negative blood type.

No - this is not possible. The child must inherit one allele from each parent. This means that at least one parent must have a B allele in order for the child to have B-type blood.

The only possibilities with B- X AB are B, A or AB.

You can ask your healthcare provider to order a blood type test for you, which involves a simple blood draw. Alternatively, there are at-home blood type testing kits available that you can use to find out your blood type without having to give blood at a medical facility.

Yes parents who are both B blood group can have a child with O negative. This is because B blood group only requires one parent gene to be B to have B blood group - they may also have one O gene. People have two blood group genes, one from both parents. B gene is "dominant" as is A gene. O gene is "recessive". AB blood group means a person has one A gene and one B gene B blood group means a person has either one B gene and one O gene or two B genes A blood group means that a person has either one A gene and one O gene or two A genes O blood group means that a person has two O genes Rhesus positive or negative is similar - positive is dominant and therefore a person with one positive gene and one negative will be rhesus positive. A person who is rhesus negative has both negative genes, and received one negative gene from both parents, both who may be rhesus positive ( with one positive and one negative gene each). Importance of O negative blood - O negative blood group is called the "universal donor" because the blood is least likely to cause transfusion reactions so is safest to use in an emergency before blood groups can be identified and matched.

If both parents are A+ can a child be B+?

Rh factor is a protein found on the surface of red blood cells. If a woman who is Rh-negative is carrying an Rh-positive baby, her body may develop antibodies against the Rh factor, which can lead to complications in future pregnancies. This can cause hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN), where the mother's antibodies attack the baby's red blood cells, potentially resulting in anemia or jaundice in the baby.

ORH positive refers to a person's blood type being Rh-positive, which means they have the Rh antigen present on the surface of their red blood cells. This is an important factor in blood compatibility for transfusions or during pregnancy.

Gram positive cocci can be isolated and identified through Gram staining, which involves using a series of dyes to distinguish between different types of bacteria based on their cell wall composition. Once isolated, additional tests such as catalase test, coagulase test, and biochemical tests can help further identify specific species of gram positive cocci such as Staphylococcus and Streptococcus. Additionally, molecular techniques like PCR and sequencing can be used for precise identification.

Acid washing it should do. I assume you are in a lab...in which case a 1:1 Hydrochloric Acid solution can be poured into the flask. DON'T FORGET TO PUT GOGGLES AND GLOVES ON. Put the lid on. Shake the flask and turn it to ensure all surfaces of the glass inside are being washed with the acid. Then, give it a good triple rinse with de-ionized water.

If you are just at home, pour in some white vinegar and let it sit for a while. That should break up anything that's inside.

Lead tests can typically be conducted using a yellow test tube. Make sure to follow the specific instructions provided with the lead test kit you are using, as colors may vary depending on the manufacturer.

Blood type O can donate to blood type B because blood type O lacks A and B antigens on the surface of red blood cells, and blood type B does not have antibodies against blood type O. This means there is no reaction when blood type O is transfused to blood type B.