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Mitochondria
Mitochondria are eukariyotic cell organells.It is the site of aerobic respiration which generates energy stored in ATP's.They are also known as the power houses of the cell.
583 Questions
What substance combines with sugar in the mitochondria?
Sugar reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide and water and energy.
This energy is then used to combine adenosine-diphosphate and phosphate to produce adenosine-triphosphate.
Adenosine-triphosphate can then be used elsewhere in the cell to obtain energy by breaking it back down into adenosine-diphosphate and phosphate.
What has the same function as the mitochondria?
In eukaryotic cells the electron transfer chain of cellular respiration occurs in the inner membrane of the mitochondria however, prokaryotic cells lack a mitochondria and the electron transfer chain therefore occurs in the plasma membrane of the cell. One must remember that in prokaryotes 38 ATP are produced during cellular respiration. In eukaryotes 36 ATP are produced due to the loss of two ATP while traversing acrosst the mitochondrial membrane.
Mitochondria are organelles in the cytoplasm of cells that function in energy production.
Does the mitochondria produce ATP?
Yes, the mitochondria is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it is responsible for producing ATP through the process of cellular respiration. ATP is the primary energy source for cellular activities within the body.
Why does mitochondria have chloroplasts?
Mitochondria and chloroplasts play different roles in the cell. Mitochondria are responsible for producing energy in the form of ATP through cellular respiration, while chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis, converting light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose. The presence of both organelles in plant cells allows for a complementary relationship, where photosynthesis can provide the energy needed for cellular respiration and vice versa.
Why do the mitochondria have folded internal membranes?
Mitochondria has a membrane because it is an organelle inside a cell. All eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound organelles. There is a membrane inside the mitochondria that is folded and this allows for more space for the it ATP to be formed. A person's brain is folded so more brain can fit within the skull. These two things are the same idea.
What do both chloroplast and mitochondria have the same?
Both chloroplasts and mitochondria have double membranes and their own DNA.
The Golgi apparatus is part of the endomembrane system
What do chloroplasts and mitochondria form with their own genetic information?
No. they actually have their own dna, independent of the rest of the cell.
Where are chloroplasts believed to have come from?
There is a theory that chloroplasts and mitochondrias were once a free living bacteria that came inside a eukaryotic cell and started a mutual relationship with the eukaryotic cell. The bacteria got to have a shelter, and in return, the eukaryotic is able to create more energy by mitochondrias, or be able to convert from co2 to o2. It is only a theory though.
What does a mitochondria use to make energy?
The mitochondria has 3 proton pumps (intramembranous proteins) situated in the inner membrane of the mitochondria. This membrane is between the matrix and the intermembranous space. By the help of electrons passing through the pumps, donated by NADH and FADH2, protons can be pumped to the interstitial space of the two membranes. This will increase the electrochemical gradient of protons between that space and the matrix. This electrochemical gradient created, will force protons to pass through an additional protein called ATPase. This ATPase will procure the kinetic energy produced by the movement of protons through its channel and use it to make ATP. ATP is a high energy molecule used by the body later as "batteries". In other words the Mitochondria doesn't release energy, it packages it for the rest of the body.
Is glucose or chlorophyll the simple sugar broken down in mitochondria?
Glucose is the main substrate used for respiration.So it can be considered as the 6C sugar.
Why do muscles have large number of mitochondria?
Because they are metabolically very active.They need a huge amound of energy for their activites.
Do chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own DNA?
Yes. They are thought to be bacteria that were captured by a plant cell early in the evolution of plants and they still contain some of their own DNA. Most of the genes that the chloroplast uses is now coded for by the plants nuclear DNA.
Does mitochondria function to manufacture proteins?
Not anymore. Many of the mitochondrial genes have been in-cooperated into the cells genetic material. So the mitochondria would not be able to synthesize all the proteins it needed to be viable on it's own.
Why is the mitochondria good at its job?
A mitochondria is special because of it's ability to produce a lot of energy, in the form of ATP. The process that creates all of this energy is called glucose metabolism and happens in 2 main stages:
1) Glycolysis
2) Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis creates roughly 2 molecules of ATP, whereas the Electron Transport Chain creates roughly 36 molecules of ATP. This means that around 38 molecules of ATP are produced from one molecule of glucose. Pretty good really.
How do plant cells need both chloroplasts and mitochondria?
Chloroplasts are for photosynthesis.Mitochondria are for respiration.
What happened if a cells mitochondria stopped working?
ATP production will be decreased critically. Cell will run out of energy
What chemical substance produce by the mitochondria?
Main product is ATP.Waste products are CO2 and water.
Is mitochondria surrounded by the double membrane?
Mitochondria have an inner membrane which is highly convoluted (called cristae and is known to increase the surface area of this organelle, therefore providing more space for ATP (energy) production). This inner membrane contains pores that enable substances to pass through them, almost serving like a shortcut so that these molecules don't have to make their way around the 'maze' (the cristae). Mitochondria also have an outer membrane.
