A schwann cell are supporting cells of the peripheral nervous system, they wrap themselves around nerve axons.
Based on historical records, the earliest written record of someone with MS-like symptoms was Lydwina of Schieden, Dutch patron saint of ice skaters, in 1400. However, it was Dr. Jean Martin Charcot who first categorized, described, and documented the disease in 1868. Charcot, professor of neurology at the University of Paris, wrote the first complete description of MS and the changes in the brain which accompany it.
No, there are 5. Benign Multiple Sclerosis Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis (RRMS) Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (SPMS) Primary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis (PPMS) Malignant Multiple Sclerosis (Marburg Variant)
This seems like a very complex issue. By following the the related link below (Relation Between Red Blood Cell Distribution Width and Inflammatory Biomarkers in a Large Cohort of Unselected Outpatients) more information can be found on this subject.
Symptoms of MS can include a range of physical manifestations such as fatigue, limb numbness, balance and gait issues, vision impairment, pain, emotional and cognitive changes, bladder/bowel troubles and spasticity to name a few. However, other medical conditions share similar symptoms, which makes self-diagnosis difficult.
If experiencing symptoms such as the ones above, a visit to a doctor can begin the process of elimination. Should MS be suspected, a general practitioner may order an MRI of the brain. If the report notes the presence of white matter, which can indicate that the immune system is stripping myelin (or the coating of nerve ending) which may be responsible for the patient's symptoms. A neurologist is typically consulted and will runs several tests that check the patient's visual/audio responses. The neurologist may order a lumbar puncture scan the spinal fluid for traits known to MS.
Based on previous medical history, current symptoms and test results, medical professionals will then make a determination as to what condition the patient has. While MS has no known cure, there are several proven treatments available to assist the patient in maintaining an active life. Keep in mind that every person with MS has a unique experience with the disease. There are many online and local support groups for persons with MS and communication with one's doctor, coupled with a positive outlook, is key.
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Fibromyalgia and Multiple Sclerosis have many similar symptoms and it is important that you see a doctor to rule out MS prior to receiving a diagnosis of Fibromyalgia. Common symptoms between the two include headaches, vision disturbances, numbness, tingling or weakness in the extremities, problems thinking, lack of coordination or clumsiness.
Multiple sclerosis is a progressive degeneration of the myelin sheath. Myelin sheath is grey matter which surrounds each nerve. It allows nerve impulses to travel at an accelerated rate. When this protective covering is degenerated the nerves become exposed and impulses do not travel as efficiently, or at all.
Sclerosis is the term used to describe where there has been wear & tear to a bone, and the body has attempted to make the bony area stronger by depositing new bone & calcium into the area. The area shows up as whiter that the rest of the bone in the area (because of the extra calcium)...
It is hardening, induration, or fibrous thickening of tissue. It can be hardening of different tissues such as those of arteries (arteriosclerosis/atherosclerosis), of the skin (scleroderma), of the muscles (one type is Multiple Sclerosis ~ MS), etc.
MS is an acronym for Multiple Sclerosis, a degenerative disease. It is not communicable, and one person cannot catch MS from another.
Multiple Sclerosis is the scientific name. MS causes many scars on the tissues of the nervous system, and so the name Multiple Sclerosis. The word sclerosis is derived from the Greek word skleros, which means hard.
TSC can affect many different systems of the body, causing a variety of signs and symptoms. Signs of the disorder vary depending on which system and which organs are involved. The natural course of TSC varies from individual to individual, with symptoms ranging from very mild to quite severe. In addition to the benign tumors that frequently occur in TSC, other common symptoms include seizures, mental retardation, behavior problems, and skin abnormalities. Tumors can grow in nearly any organ, but they most commonly occur in the brain, kidneys, heart, lungs, and skin. Malignant tumors are rare in TSC. Those that do occur primarily affect the kidneys.
Kidney problems such as cysts and angiomyolipomas occur in an estimated 70 to 80 percent of individuals with TSC, usually occurring between ages 15 and 30. Cysts are usually small, appear in limited numbers, and cause no serious problems. Approximately 2 percent of individuals with TSC develop large numbers of cysts in a pattern similar to polycystic kidney disease2 during childhood. In these cases, kidney function is compromised and kidney failure occurs. In rare instances, the cysts may bleed, leading to blood loss and anemia.
Angiomyolipomas-benign growths consisting of fatty tissue and muscle cells-are the most common kidney lesions in TSC. These growths are seen in the majority of TSC patients, but are also found in about one of every 300 people without TSC. Angiomyolipomas caused by TSC are usually found in both kidneys and in most cases they produce no symptoms. However, they can sometimes grow so large that they cause pain or kidney failure. Bleeding from angiomyolipomas may also occur, causing both pain and weakness. If severe bleeding does not stop naturally, there may severe blood loss, resulting in profound anemia and a life-threatening drop in blood pressure, warranting urgent medical attention.
Other rare kidney problems include renal cell carcinoma, developing from an angiomyolipoma, and oncocytomas, benign tumors unique to individuals with TSC.
Three types of brain tumors are associated with TSC: cortical tubers, for which the disease is named, generally form on the surface of the brain, but may also appear in the deep areas of the brain; subependymal nodules, which form in the walls of the ventricles-the fluid-filled cavities of the brain; and giant-cell tumors (astrocytomas), a type of tumor that can grow and block the flow of fluids within the brain, causing a buildup of fluid and pressure and leading to headaches and blurred vision.
Tumors called cardiac rhabdomyomas are often found in the hearts of infants and young children with TSC. If the tumors are large or there are multiple tumors, they can block circulation and cause death. However, if they do not cause problems at birth-when in most cases they are at their largest size-they usually become smaller with time and do not affect the individual in later life.
Benign tumors called phakomas are sometimes found in the eyes of individuals with TSC, appearing as white patches on the retina. Generally they do not cause vision loss or other vision problems, but they can be used to help diagnose the disease.
Additional tumors and cysts may be found in other areas of the body, including the liver, lung, and pancreas. Bone cysts, rectal polyps, gum fibromas, and dental pits may also occur.
A wide variety of skin abnormalities may occur in individuals with TSC. Most cause no problems but are helpful in diagnosis. Some cases may cause disfigurement, necessitating treatment. The most common skin abnormalities include:
TSC can cause seizures and varying degrees of mental disability. Seizures of all types may occur, including infantile spasms; tonic-clonic seizures (also known as grand mal seizures); or tonic, akinetic, atypical absence, myoclonic, complex partial, or generalized seizures.
Approximately one-half to two-thirds of individuals with TSC have mental disabilities ranging from mild learning disabilities to severe mental retardation. Behavior problems, including aggression, sudden rage, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, acting out, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and repetitive, destructive, or self-harming behavior, often occur in children with TSC, and can be difficult to manage. Some individuals with TSC may also have a developmental disorder called autism.
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There are many famous people with MS. See the related link below for a more comprehensive list, but here are a few off the top of my head that you might know:
yes, Multiple Sclerosis can affect vision. In fact, loss of vision, blurred vision, etc is an early symptom.
no difference, just the name. Same syndrome / disease
MS for most people is not fatal, and those diagnosed with it typically live normal life spans.
However, particularly amongst those with primary progressive MS, there is a less than 1% chance to die as a direct result of the disease. There have been rare cases where patients have died, for example, from the parts of the brain used to control vital processes such as breathing and swallowing have been affected.
Ultimately, sufferers of MS have a chance of about 10% to die of secondary symptoms that were caused by the disease. For example, liver function being affected by untreated bladder infections or depression.
MS is not a communicable disease. this is the type of disease that is not yet curable, however, great progress has been made to try and ease the suffering of patients.
what are the nursing consideration for MS?
Multiple Sclerosis is caused by an autoimmune response which causes the immune system to attack the myelin sheath surrounding nerve fibers in the central nervous system (CNS). The immune system will attack and destroy myelin, leaving in its place hard, plaque-like scars (called scleroses) where nerve signal transmission is decreased, causing the symptoms of the disease.
This explains the name "multiple sclerosis," which means "many scars."