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Operating Systems
Operating systems, both proprietary and open-source, include those produced by Microsoft, Linux, and Apple Mac
4,423 Questions
How do you install a network operating system?
When you install a network operating system (NOS), you have to make some decisions about how you want the operating system and its servers to be configured. Most of these decisions aren't cast in stone, so don't worry if you're not 100 percent sure how you want everything configured. You can always go back and reconfigure things. This is an overview of a typical installation of Windows Server 2003. Although the details vary, the overall installation process for other network operating systems is similar.
The method you use to begin the installation depends on whether the computer already has a working operating system:
* If the computer already has a working operating system, simply insert the Windows 2003 Setup disk in the computer's CD-ROM drive. After a moment, a dialog box appears, asking whether you want to install Windows Server 2003. Click Yes to proceed.
* If you're installing Windows Server 2003 from a network drive, open the My Network Places window, navigate to the shared folder that contains the distribution files, and run Winnt32.exe.
* If the computer doesn't already have a working operating system but can boot from a CD-ROM disk, insert the distribution disk into the CD-ROM drive and restart the computer.
* If the computer doesn't have a working operating system and can't boot from its CD-ROM drive, insert a bootable floppy disk that has CD-ROM support into the A drive and restart the computer. When the MS-DOS command prompt appears, type d: to switch to the CD-ROM drive (assuming drive D is the CD-ROM), type CD \i386 and then type winnt.
As the Setup program proceeds, it leads you through five distinct installation phases: Collecting Information, Dynamic Update, Preparing Installation, Installing Windows, and Finalizing Installation. The following sections describe each of these installation phases in greater detail.
Phase 1: Collecting Information
In the first installation phase, the Setup program asks for the preliminary information that it needs to begin the installation. A wizard-like dialog box appears to gather the following information:
* Setup Type: You can choose to perform a new installation or an upgrade.
* License Agreement: The official license agreement is displayed. You have to agree to its terms in order to proceed.
* Product Key: Enter the 25-character product key that's printed on the sticker attached to the CD-ROM disk case. If Setup says you entered an invalid product key, double-check it carefully. You probably just typed the key incorrectly.
* Setup Options: You can click Advanced Options to change the file locations used for Setup, but you should stick to the defaults. If you need to use accessibility features, such as the Magnifier, during Setup, click Accessibility Options and enable the features you need. In addition, if you want to change the language setting, click Primary Language and make your selections.
* Upgrade to NTFS: If you want to upgrade a FAT32 system to NTFS, you need to say so now.
Phase 2: Dynamic Update
In the next installation phase, Setup connects to Microsoft's Web site via your Internet connection and checks to see whether any of the installation files have been changed. If so, the updated installation files are downloaded at this time. If you don't have a working Internet connection, you have to skip this phase.
Phase 3: Preparing Installation
In this phase, the computer is restarted and booted into a special text-mode Setup program. After the Welcome screen appears, Setup proceeds through the following steps:
* Partition Setup: Here, you're asked to choose the partition that you want to use for the installation. You can reconfigure your partitions from this screen by deleting existing partitions or creating new ones. In most cases, you'll want to install Windows into a single partition that uses all available space on the drive.
* Delete Existing Windows installation: This screen lets you choose whether you want to delete your existing Windows installation or leave it in place. You should choose to delete it, unless you want a multiboot installation.
* Convert to NTFS: If you elected to convert an existing FAT32 partition to NTFS, the conversion will take awhile. This step is a good time to get a fresh cup of coffee.
* Copying Files: Now Windows copies its installation files onto your hard drive. This step also takes awhile.
Phase 4: Installing Windows
Now that the drive has been set up and the installation files copied, Windows Setup reboots your computer back into Windows mode and begins the actual process of installing Windows. You're taken through the following steps:
* Installing Devices: Windows automatically examines every device on the computer and installs and configures the appropriate device drivers. This step can take awhile.
* Regional and Language Options: In this step, you're asked to enter information about your region and language. If you're in the United States, you can accept the defaults. Otherwise, you can change the settings appropriately.
* Personalize Your Software: In this step, you can enter your name and your company name. Your name is required, but the company name is optional.
* License Modes: In this step, you choose whether you purchased per-server or per-device/per-user licensing. You can change this setting later, but you can change the setting only once. If you're not sure, double-check the invoice that Microsoft shipped along with the software.
* Computer Name and Administrator Name: Enter the computer name and Administrator account password here. Be sure to write down the password and keep it in a secure location. You'll be in serious trouble if you forget it.
* Date and Time Settings: If the date and time information is incorrect, you can change it here.
* Network Settings: In most cases, you can select the Typical option in this step to install the network features that are used most often: Client for Microsoft Networks, Network Load Balancing, File and Printer Sharing for Microsoft Networks, and Internet Protocol (TCP/IP). If you don't want to use these defaults, you can select Custom Settings and then configure these features yourself.
* Workgroup or Domain: Next, you're asked whether the computer is part of workgroup or a domain. Choose the appropriate option and enter the workgroup or domain name.
* Copying Files: Now Windows copies files, updates the registry, and ties up any loose ends. This step can take a long time, so you may want to go for a walk.
Phase 5: Finalizing Installation
To complete the installation, Setup saves your settings and reboots the computer one final time. When the computer restarts, press Ctrl+Alt+Delete to bring up the Log On dialog box. Enter the password you created for the Administrator account, click OK, and you're logged on.
What are the types of custom made software under application software in computer applications?
This is far to vague to be answered as is. There are thousands of different software applications available.
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Application Software have 4 examples, but i dont know what is the 4 examples. :)
What interface allows the user to click on menus an icons to interact with the operating systems?
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What information does a designed operational capability statement provide?
Within the context of the Air Force, AFI 10-201, attachment 2 identifies six sections to a designed operational capability statement:
A2.1.2.1. Section I, Unit Identification, includes the measured unit ANAME, HOGEO, a representative UTC of the unit type named on the DOC, and the six-character UIC. This section also includes the DOC Mission Title, DOCID, and Geographic Location Code (GEOLOC).
A2.1.2.2. Section II, Mission Identification, includes a mission tasking narrative and mission specifics (i.e., response time and source, aircraft and missile mission-design-series (MDS), planning UTCs the unit is required to support for the unit's mission(s), direct support units' UICs, ANAME, and OPLAN(s) to which the unit is sourced to support). For weapon systems with a range of sortie rates and duration listed in the WMP-5, specify the single sortie rate and duration highlighted for planning purposes as the wartime flying scenario for SORTS in a unit SORTS DOC Statement, Section II, Part B.
A2.1.2.3. Section III, MSRAs, will include the required measured resource areas.
A2.1.2.4. Section IV of the SORTS DOC Statement (AFF 723) provides space for amplifying notes. Amplifying notes further guide unit SORTS monitors and commanders in understanding the scope of the desired SORTS report and additional details required accomplishing the report.
A2.1.2.5. Section V, Gaining Commands. Lists initial AF gaining commands if the unit is to be under OPCON of another command after mobilization.
A2.1.2.6. Section VI, Coordination and Review. Coordination blocks will be used for initial
SORTS DOC Statement issue to capture interested parties' concurrence and the review blocks for annual review
What server applications or operating systems can be used with REM?
Windows 2000 Server SP4 or Windows 2003 Server
MS SQL Server or MSDE, both with SP3a
MS IIS 5.0
.NET Framework
What software can be broadly classified into operating system or application software?
operating system and application sofeware
What software is contained in group support systems?
The software contains routines for generation of ideas, resolution of conflicts, and freedom of expression.
What are the function of application software?
Application software is that special software that has been designed to carry out certain functions. It includes the tasks of accounting software, graphics software, enterprise software and media players. It mainly deals with the documents and manages the capabilities of the computer which doesn't give a direct benefit to the customers. It is also used as a business related tool to assist the the multimedia or graphics project.
Depletion of creatine, required to bond with floating phosphates after the breakdown of ATP to ADP in order to create energy. After the 10-15 second mark, almost all creatine stores in the muscle aredepleted thus inhibiting there synthesis of the floating phosphate with an ADP molecule.
Which operating system takes the least amount of RAM Linux Windows or Mac OS X?
Based on its sheer configurability, a modern Linux kernel takes the cake by far. it is still possible to use a modern kernel with a basic userland in 4 MB of RAM.
QNX - is a piece of UNIX-based software for use on various devices. These include desktop computers, mobile phones and laptops.
Differentiate between single users vs multi users vs network users?
Single-user OS is that OS which support only one user at a time. for example: DOS, WINDOWS 3X, WINDOWS 95/97/98 etc.
Multi-user OS is that which support more than one users at the same time. in these types of OS there is a server and all the users are provided different terminals. these terminals are connected to the server. for example: UNIX, LYNIX, WINDOWS VISTA etc.
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Single-user OS is that OS which support only one user at a time. for example: DOS, WINDOWS 3X, WINDOWS 95/97/98 etc.
Multi-user OS is that which support more than one users at the same time. in these types of OS there is a server and all the users are provided different terminals. these terminals are connected to the server. for example: UNIX, LYNIX, WINDOWS VISTA etc.
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Is all versions of windows operating system are single user operating system?
No, you can create multiple accounts on most of the OS's
1. Program execution. The operating system loads the contents (or sections) of a file into memory and begins its execution. A user-level program could not be trusted to properly allocate CPU time.
2. I/O operations.Disks, tapes, serial lines, and other devices must be communicated with at a very low level. The user need only specify the device and the operation to perform on it, while the system converts that request into device- or controller-specific commands. User-level programs cannot be trusted to only access devices they should have access to and to only access them when they are otherwise unused.
3. File-system manipulation. There are many details in file creation, deletion, allocation, and naming that users should not have to perform. Blocks of disk space are used by files and must be tracked. Deleting a file requires removing the name file information and freeing the allocated blocks. Protections must also be checked to assure proper file access. User programs could neither ensure adherence to protection methods nor be trusted to allocate only free blocks and deallocate blocks on file deletion.
4. Communications. Message passing between systems requires messages be turned into packets of information, sent to the network controller, transmitted across a communications medium, and reassembled by the destination system. Packet ordering and data correction must take place. Again, user programs might not coordinate access to the network device, or they might receive packets destined for other processes.
5. Error detection. Error detection occurs at both the hardware and software levels. At the hardware level, all data transfers must be inspected to ensure that data have not been corrupted in transit. All data on media must be checked to be sure they have not changed since they were written to the media. At the software level, media must be checked for data consistency; for instance, do the number of allocated and unallocated blocks of torage match the total number on the device. There, errors are frequently process-independent (for instance, the corruption of data on a disk), so there must be a global program (the operating system) that handles all types of errors. Also, by having errors processed by the operating system, processes need not contain code to catch and correct all the errors possible on a system.
It reads commands from the user or from a file of commands and executes them, usually by turning them into one or more system calls. It is usually not part of the kernel since the command interpreter is subject to changes. An user should be able to develop a new command interpreter using the system-call interface provided by the operating system. The command interpreter allows an user to create and manage processes and also determine ways by which they communicate (such as through pipes and files). As all of this functionality could be accessed by an user-level program using the system calls, so it should be possible for the user to develop a new command-line interpreter.
Where does operating system typically resides?
An OS reside in HDD, SSD, flash drive or CD/DVD. When you boot the computer the kernel is copied to RAM. Now other parts of OS will be loaded to RAM as and when required.
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How does process load and number of running processes affect system performance?
How processes load and the number of running processes affect system performance.
Can you write an operating system in HTML 5?
No. Sorry, you're out of luck there. Operating Systems are complex pieces of software that interact directly with the computers hardware. To interact with a computers hardware through a program, you must use a very low level programming language.
What is a low level language?
When a computer reads code, it must break it down until it is readable by the machine. The broken down code (aka, low level language or machine code) is a series of ones and zeros. There are a number of low level languages: ASM (Asembly), Machine Code, and C.
Why do operating systems need low level languages?
In order to communicate with the machine (CPU), the OS needs to be programmed in a low level language. If it was done in a high level language, it wouldn't be able to communicate and another OS would need to break it down for the machine.
What about HTML? Where does it fit in?
HTML is pretty much the highest-level language there is available. Most OSs can't read HTML directly, and require an Internet browser to read it (ex. Google Chrome, Firefox, or Safari).
If you are looking into making an OS, just know a few things:
1. It will take years to build it
2. You must know a low level programming language very well
3. It might be best to start with someone else's OS instead of reinventing the wheel (ex. Linux open source)
Which operating system is used by Sidekick phones?
The software uses a customized software made by a company called Danger Inc. The software was designed alongside the phone which was a T-Mobile exclusive and very popular.
What is the purpose of RMX operating systems?
A RMX operating system is a real time operating system that is specifically for two families of processors. This real time system can be used on applications that need real time reliability, determinism and more.
Is Linux safer than Windows Which Linux OS is fastest?
Yes, I think that Linux is safer. You should use Ubuntu for gaming/programming and Kali Linux for hacking/penetration testing.
Is it possible to write an operating system using python?
Unfortunately, no.
Python is a high-level interpreted language, which means its source code could only be ran by an external application within an operating system.
This means that Python cannot run without its base program and if you really wanted to write an operating system from scratch, you would need to learn Assembly Language, Hardware and Software Communication, and some amount of C.
Start reading how a BIOS works and how you can use interrupt to print a string to the console to get started.
