It is very difficult to get a heart transplant. There are several factors that can influence these odds depending on the availability of a replacement heart and how severe the issue is.
They are relatively safe. (The NHS or your local health authority would not fund transplants if they were very unsafe - i.e had bad outcomes. Transplants are quite expensive, but most hospitals/health authorities consider the cost "worth it"- i.e they will fund the operation. This indicates that transplants are not 'high risk'- i.e risk does not outweigh the cost). Obviously, as with any medical procedure, there are some risks attached.
The person who needs a transplant is called by the hospital. Upon arrival, they are put to sleep with an anthesia. They are cut open in the part where the organ is needed. Then the organ is carefully removed and then the donor organ is carefully placed in. The person is then sewed back up. The person wakes up in the ICU for recovery and are put on immune suppresant drugs to prevent rejection. Diffrent organ transplants may have slightly different procedures, but the above is basically what occurs.
The first organ transplant occurred in 1954, when Ronald Lee Herrick donated one of his kidneys to his brother, Richard. The surgery was led by Dr. Joseph Murray, who later won a Nobel prize for developing the surgical technique regarding kidney transplants. The surgery took place in Boston, Massachusetts.
An cadaverous organ donor can either be a "heart-beating donor" (aka, brain dead) or a "non-heart beating donor". Those in the first category have suffered a severe head injury, meaning they will never regain consciousness or recover, but their heart is still pumping blood around their body. Whereas those in the other group have suffered some event which has stopped their heart - e.g a sudden cardiac arrest.
Those in the "non-heart beating donor" category are never used for heart transplants, since their heart has been the cause of their death; their heart does not work.
Only those in the "heart-beating donor" category are used for heart transplants; in these donors, the heart does not stop beating until it is removed from their body - the heart is not "dead" as such, but the donor is brain dead so has no use for a functioning heart. And just because the heart ceases to beat when outside of the body does not mean it is "dead".
Possibly your question should be "how long do you get between harvesting a heart for transplant until it becomes unusable?", since using a "dead" heart for a transplant would be utterly pointless. However, if that was your question, you get around 4-5 hours.
Usually age doesn't matter too much for the surgery. It can be done on anyone from a few weeks old to 60-70. The problem with the older ages is that there is more likely to be complications (infections and DVT's primarily). It is whether you are considered fit enough for the surgery that is the issue rather than age. Younger patients are generally more adaptable to having transplants, primarily since if they start taking the immunosuppressants from an early age they get used to having a drug regime, whereas adults seem to have a higher rate of noncompliance with drug regimes (however teenagers' also have a very high rate). There really is no 'usual' age, it's just whenever you need one.
If the person needing the transplant has a psychological problem or any types of mental illnesses which would require them to do group therapy or see a psychologist. They would also have to have a severe and rare illness in order to be put at the very top. People that receive the transplants almost immediately are typically going to die within the day. Answer: (From personal experience) The criteria for a person, to be placed on a transplant list, are as follows: # Weight. You have to be able to sustain a target weight set by the transplant team. IE: the more fat you have on your body will directly impact your body's ability to heal. # Habits. You must not indulge in, or must be able to terminate any and all addictions to Smoking, drug use, alcohol addiction, etc. etc. Anything that could adversely affect your body after the transplant occurs. # Psychological. You must be of sound mind and be able to display a firm confirmation to see the transplant through. Self discipline and a strong desire to succeed are tantamount to your survivability. # Health. Although you may have poor health in the organ to be transplanted, you still must have "good health" in the other organs not directly affected by the faulty organ. Indirect health, or lack there of, of other organs must be determined that post transplant, their health will improve. (In other words, if your heart is showing signs of wear and difficulty because your lungs need to be replaced, the heart has to be able to recover after receiving the new lungs.) # Pre operative health. The doctors know you're sick. You need a transplant! But, there is a point leading up to the transplant in which the body may start to deteriorate beyond its ability to recover from the transplant its self. The transplant team will constantly monitor your progress and that of the illness so they can determine whether or not you could actually survive the surgical procedure of the transplant. Sadly, for most, their bodies degenerate long before a viable organ can be found. There are extreme cases where a person was poisoned and need a liver. This person was relatively healthy and other than the sudden death of their liver; chances are they would have gone on to live long and productive lives. It is in these cases that the other criteria are not considered. The idea to preserve this life is of utmost importance. They are placed on the top of the list for possible transplant. It would be best to consult your doctor for any additional information, and of course, any addendums to my offerings. I am not a doctor, but I have a son needing new lungs.
From Organ donors who die and have useable organs. This is a voluntary decision the person made before their death, or by family decision after death. The typical organs harvested in a living donor situation are:
This is the most frequent type of living organ donation. We have two kidneys and can live healthy lives with just one.
Individuals can donate a segment of the liver, which has the ability to regenerate and regain full function.
Although lung lobes do not regenerate, individuals can donate a lobe of one lung.
Although very rare, it is possible to donate a portion of your intestine.
Individuals can also donate a portion of the pancreas.
Organs that can be taken after death, including the ones above are:
One of the factors to consider is wether you are a possiably match to be a donar.
My grandfather was 90 when my uncle donated a kidney to him. 3 years later, both are going strong.
The first lung transplant was attempted by Dr. Hardy at the University of Mississippi in 1964. This was not a successful procedure.
The first long-term success with single lung transplantation was performed by the team at the University of Toronto Thoracic Surgery Group in Toronto, Canada (at the Toronto General Hospital) in 1983. The Toronto group also performed the first successful double lung transplant in 1986.
Prior to that, the Stanford University group performed the first successful heart-lung transplant.
Organs must be preserved in special solutions before their transport to avoid their exposure to bacteria,which may infect them...also keeping organs in specific solutions help to prevent them from denaturing or degrading...
Usually organs are just transplanted the once, since transplanting them again would increase the chances of organ failure for the next person to get it (particularly if it were a heart). Also, for an organ such as the kidneys, if they are transplanted once they will also be subjected to having to filter out many immunosuppressants and other drugs that the patient is required to take. Over time this does diminish their function, making them unsuitable for retransplantation.
Yes, kidney transplant patients can get pregnant. However it is advisable not to do so without first consulting with your transplant doctor, as some of the post-transplant medication you may be on could be unsuitable for use during pregnancy. Don't stop taking any prescribed medication without first consulting your doctor.
The first heart transplant was performed in December 1967, on Louis Washkansky by surgeon Dr. Christian Barnard, at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Capetown, South Africa.
It is not an organ which contains the immunosuppressive drugs used to prevent rejection - the drugs are manufactured in a laboratory, in the same manner that something as simple as Paracetamol would be manufactured. These drugs can then be given to the transplant recipient orally (including via a nasal-gastric tube) or via an IV drip.
There is no exact model to predict survival rates; however, those with transplants have a 58% chance of surviving 15 years.
An organ transplant can cause tissue rejection, where the patient's immune system tries to destroy the transplanted organ, because the foreign organ is mistaken for pathogens.
if the organ you get is compatible with your body, and functions properly; that's a good thing. if the opposite happens, it's bad. I think that it saves peoples life's so that they can have a second chance in life so i would say its a good thing.
A person's immune system is designed to detect and destroy things that get into the body that are not part of that person's body. This works well for germs and viruses and keeps the person healthy.
When you transplant an organ such as a kidney into a person's body, then it will be attacked by the person's immune system (rejected) because the body will detect that is is not of that person's body. The drugs suppress this rejection response and allow the new kidney to function without being rejected.
Efler
The first heart transplant was performed in December 1967, on Louis Washkansky by surgeon Dr. Christian Barnard, at the Groote Schuur Hospital in Capetown, South Africa.