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Particle Physics
Relatively recent experimental results have confirmed what philosophers throughout history had theorized all along; that all matter is made up of elementary particles. Those curious about this cutting-edge field of physics known as particle physics should post their questions here, including those about fundamental particles, fundamental forces, Grand Unified Theories, and the extraordinary devices that have been or need to be engineered to research them.
3,842 Questions
What does the subatomic particle do?
Protons and neutrons are the components of the atomic nucleus; the number of protons is equal to the atomic number, the most important parameter for a chemical element. Electrons surround the nucleus and are responsible (the last level) for the chemical properties of elements.
What is the abbreviated electron configuration for an atom of sodium?
the abbreviated electron configuration of sodium is
(Ne) 3s1
How many shells are in the iodine?
there is 2 in the first, 8 in the other and then there is ... ............ ....................... ............................... 9, yes 9, in the outer shell, the only atom to have 9 in the outer shell, except for Browningulain
What is a subatomic particle called?
Examples: proton, muon, boson Higgs, positron, antineutron, tau neutrino etc.
What are positiely charged subatomic particles?
Of the hundreds of subatomic particles, many have an electric charge. The best-know particle with a positive charge is the proton.
Subatomic particles are considered only protons, neutrons, electrons. The other particles form the large group of elementary particles (which includes also p, n and e).
What subatomic particle has a very small mass and a negative charge?
Electrons have a negative charge. When an element had more electrons than protons, it tends to have a negative charge.
What are Protons and Neutrons called when they are made up of smaller particles?
Protons and neutrons are made up of smaller particles called quarks. Each proton and neutron is composed of three quarks: protons are made up of two up quarks and one down quark, while neutrons consist of one up quark and two down quarks.
The probable location of an electron in an electron cloud is where?
The electron cloud is a volume of space around an atomic nucleus. It comprises of a space of probability. It is the volume of space where electrons can "probably" be found, or have a probability of being found.
What is the need to define electron volt energy?
No need, just for convenience. Eg the mass of an electron is 9.11*10^-31 kg = 8.19*10^-14 J/c^2 = 512000 eV/c^2.
Which is the easier number to work with? The mass in kg or J/c^2 which is so tiny you can't really grasp it (and it makes maths trickier, you've got to remember to keep all those powers of 10) or the mass in eV/c^2.
How many neutrons does an atom of 21Ne have?
An atom of 21Ne has 11 neutrons. This is determined by subtracting the atomic number (which is 10 for neon) from the atomic mass number (which is 21 in this case).
Are neutrons the lightest subatomic particles?
Neutrons are not the lightest subatomic particles. Electrons are the lightest subatomic particles, with a much smaller mass than neutrons. The mass of a neutron is approximately 1839 times that of an electron.
Can you give some evidences that light is a particle?
The photoelectric effect, where light can knock out electrons from a material, provides evidence of light behaving as a particle. Additionally, experiments showing the diffraction and interference of light can be explained by considering light as a stream of particles called photons. The Compton effect displayed by X-rays scattering off electrons also supports the particle nature of light.
Can subatomic particles be broken down into energy?
They can't be 'broken down' into energy. However, subatomic particles (indeed, all matter) can be annihilated and converted into energy.
Each particle of matter has an antiparticle (antimatter). When a particle collides with its exact antiparticle twin, they annihilate each other. They 'disappear' and become photons (quanta containing energy).
This means that matter and energy are exchangeable. The ratio is from Einstein's formula:
E = mc2 , where E = energy, m = mass, c = speed of light
Annihilation must occur due to the conservation law.
There's no actual evidence that quarks are not fundamental particles, so as far as we know there's nothing inside them, they just are. There are a couple of half-baked theories that quarks are actually made of "strings" or "preons" (on the scale from "crackpot" to "fully validated scientific theory", strings are somewhat more "baked" than preons are), but there's no real experimental evidence for it; we're pretty much still at the level of some guy in ancient Greece saying "yeah, dude, everything is made of atoms." Except in ancient Greek, of course.
What are the two subatomic particles located inside the atomic nucles and wath are their charges?
The two subatomic particles inside the atomic nucleus are protons (with a positive charge) and neutrons (with no charge). Electrons, which have a negative charge, orbit the nucleus in electron shells.
Which element has 20 protons 20 neutrons and 20 electrons?
Calcium has 20 protons and electrons. The symbol for calcium is Ca and its atomic number is 20.
How are monatomic anions formed from atoms in terms of protons and electrons?
Monatomic anions are formed when atoms gain one or more electrons. The number of protons in the nucleus remains the same, giving the atom a net negative charge due to having more electrons than protons.
What would happen if you replaced all the electrons in the human body with positrons?
If all the electrons in the human body were replaced with positrons, the positrons would annihilate with nearby electrons, creating gamma radiation. This would lead to immediate destruction of the body's molecular structure and result in a catastrophic event, causing severe harm or death.
How many electrons are needed to fill the first three electron shells?
The first electron shell can hold up to 2 electrons, the second shell can hold up to 8 electrons, and the third shell can hold up to 18 electrons. Therefore, a total of 28 electrons are needed to fill the first three electron shells.
Which subatomic particle has the smallest mass alpha particle neutron electron proton?
among these Electron has the least mass....
Describe how electron dot diagrams can be used and why they are helpful?
Electron dot diagrams show the arrangement of valence electrons around an atom. They are helpful in understanding chemical bonding, as they illustrate how atoms share or transfer electrons to achieve a full valence shell. By using electron dot diagrams, we can predict the types of bonds that atoms will form with each other.
What type of electric charge does a electron have?
They are negatively charged particles. electrons are found inside an atom, outside its nucleus.
What type of subatomic particle don't have a charge?
The subatomic particle that does not have a charge is the Neutron.
The Proton carries a positive charge and an Electron, a negative.
What element contains 7 valence electrons and 7 protons?
You should understand that while neutral atoms have the same number of protons and electrons, they do not usually have the same number of protons and valance electrons, because except for hydrogen and helium, atoms also have electrons in the inner shells, which are not valance electrons. Therefore, there is no atom which has 7 protons and 7 valance electrons, although there is an element that has 7 protons, and there are several elements that have 7 valence electrons.
