Particle Physics

1s2 2s2 2p6 3s2 3p6 4s2 3d10 4p6 5s2 4d10 5p6 6s2

It is FAR easier to change the direction of an asteroid than to blow it up. All that is needed to accomplish the former is to nudge the asteroid a little off its collision course with Earth, and this could be done with some small explosions on the side of that asteroid. Blowing up an asteroid would be a complete waste of energy.

Hi!

There aren't just one kind of chemical reactivity. If you are thinkig about an oxidation, e.g., you must know that just electrons are swapped between the atoms. Other kind of chemical reaction is the phase change of a substance (e.g. water), whose doesn't evolves parcticles swapping, but just energy level's change.

However, you must know that, if protons and neutrons react, they will shot radiation, and in this case it isn't a chemical reaction but a NUCLEAR reaction (that can be nuclear fusion - as the sun - or nuclear fission - as the Hiroshima's bomb).

Finaly, to identify a chemic reaction you must pay atention to this effects:

1. Formation of gas.

2. Change of color.

3. Change of temperature.

4.Formation of a solid that didn't exist in the begining of the reaction.

I hope this text should be helpful.

Bye

The energy of an electron in the second shell of a carbon atom is higher than in the first shell because electrons in shells that are further from the nucleus have higher energy levels. This is due to the increased distance from the positively charged nucleus in the atom, which decreases the electrostatic attraction between the nucleus and the electron.

The greatest number of valence electrons an atom can have is 8, known as the octet rule. This is because most atoms strive to have a full outer shell of electrons, which usually consists of 8 electrons to achieve stability. However, this rule can vary for elements in higher energy levels.

Quarks are elementary particles that make up protons and neutrons. They are fundamental building blocks of matter and cannot be visualized directly as they are smaller than subatomic particles like electrons. Quarks are studied indirectly through the particles they form and their interactions within particle accelerators.

The element with 8 protons is oxygen (symbol O). It normally has 8 electrons as well, but in this case it has one extra electron, making it an ion. With 7 neutrons, the ion is known as oxygen-15.

Electrons are the subatomic particles in an atom that interact with photons. When photons interact with electrons, they can be absorbed, emitted, or scattered, leading to various chemical and physical processes in a molecule.

The total charge of 14 electrons is -14 units (each electron carries a charge of -1). The total charge of 6 protons is +6 units (each proton carries a charge of +1). To find the total charge of the system, simply add the charges together: +6 units - 14 units = -8 units.

Electrons are most likely to be found in the electron cloud surrounding the nucleus of an atom. This region represents the three-dimensional space where electrons have the highest probability of being located based on their energy levels.

Because the electric charge depends on the mass times the radius of a particle and whereas the mass of the proton is 1836 heavier than the mass of the electron, the radus of the proton is 1836 times smaller. Thus the product of mass times radius is in both paticles the same and therefore they have the same charge. Boy Boer

The outer electrons involved in bonding are known as valence electrons. These electrons are located in the outermost energy level of an atom and are responsible for forming chemical bonds with other atoms. The number of valence electrons determines the chemical properties of an element.

Protons and neutrons are made up of smaller particles called quarks, which are held together by strong nuclear force. Electrons are elementary particles and do not have smaller constituents.

Oxygen functions as the final electron acceptor in the electron transport chain. It combines with electrons and protons to form water, allowing the transfer of electrons to produce ATP. This process is essential for cellular respiration and generating energy for the cell.

It is possible, but the energry required for each will be different.

If you build an atom using two protons, two neutrons and two electrons you would build an atom of Helium. To be more-precise, this would create Helium-4 the common isotope of Helium.

Ernest Rutherford, a New Zealand physicist, designed an experiment that led to the first successful detection of an individual subatomic particle, the proton. This experiment, known as the gold foil experiment, involved bombarding gold foil with alpha particles to study the structure of the atom.

Yes they do because his converse are tight which make his feet smell and at the bottom of his jeans are rolled up to make his shoes tighter and sweatier

Protons and neutrons are classified as nucleons because they are found within the atomic nucleus of an atom. They are both composed of smaller particles called quarks and are responsible for the majority of an atom's mass.

The 90 percent probability is commonly used to define the boundaries of electron orbitals because it encompasses most of the electron's possible locations within a particular energy level. It provides a clear and practical way to visualize the regions where electrons are most likely to be found in an atom.

The element with 35 protons and 45 neutrons, for a total mass of 80, is Bromine (Br). The number of electrons should also correspond to the atomic number which is 35 in this case.

During the Krebs cycle, the electrons are carried by NADH and FADH2 to the electron transport chain, where they pass down a series of protein complexes to generate ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. This occurs after the formation of NADH and FADH2 during the Krebs cycle.

1. If the mass of the dead star is high enough, gravity will overcome electron degeneracy pressure holding the dead star up. Electrons will fall from their ground state into the nuclei, turning protons into neutrons and all the nuclei will merge forming a neutron star held up by neutron degeneracy pressure. If it stops here, the infalling outer layers that have not yet become neutrons crash into the super hard surface of the neutron star initiating a shockwave that propagates outward. This outgoing shockwave creates the supernova.
2. If the mass of the neutron star is high enough, gravity will overcome neutron degeneracy pressure holding the neutron star up. A black hole will form. However all of the neutron star can't fall into the black hole instantly. A shockwave forms just outside the event horizon that propagates outward. This outgoing shockwave creates the supernova.

Oxygen has 8 protons.

No. Carbon has 4 electrons in its outer shell (valence shell).