Particle Physics

To put it simply no an electron can never come out of the nucleus due to the nucleus only containing protons and neutrons.

However protons and neutrons are not fundamental in the sense that they cannot be split. Protons and Neutrons, and indeed all hadrons (of which protons and neutrons belong), consist of quarks.

Quarks come in two distinct groups, those with a positive charge of 2/3 the elemental change and those with negative 1/3 the elemental change. With six quarks in total each group has three members. A Proton consists of two up quarks and a down quark giving it a positive charge. The neutron consists of one up quark and two down quarks giving it a neutral charge. When an isotope is unstable due to having a ratio of neutrons to protons that is too high a process know as beta plus decay occurs.

When an isotope undergoes beta plus decay, one of the down of the quarks in a neutron emits a W- boson, with results in the down quark changing into an up quark. The change turns the neutron into a proton consequently lowering the neutron to proton ration and sometimes forming a stable isotope.

The W- boson meanwhile decays into an electron and an electron anti-neutrino.

Subatomic particles are measured in AMU.

1 Proton = 1 AMU (Positive Charge [think pro])
1 Neutron = 1 AMU (No Charge [think NEUtral])
1 Electron = 1/1836 AMU (Negative Charge)

sub-atomic particles are within the atom (and remember, atoms are everywhere): the electron, proton and neutron are all sub-atomic particles, but there are even smaller particles (and anti-particles) called quarks that make up the proton, neutron and electron.

Yes and no, Hydrogen (naturally 1 proton, 1 electron, 0 neutrons), has an isotope (variation, with a different number neutrons), called Deuterium with 1 proton and one neutron. Deuterium composes less than 0.02% of the worlds Hydrogen.

The atomic no. of tellurium is 52

so, its electronic configuration is 2,8,8,16,18

so it will be 2,8,8

so, it will result in 2,6

since it finally has 6 electrons in the outermost shell, it will take 2 electrons to form the nearest inert gas electronic configuration

so it's valency is 2

[An anti-proton is the "dark side" to a proton. An anti-proton is formed when a proton was accelerated and then his something solid, breaking it apart.

An electron is a negatively charged subatomic particle.]

This is somewhat correct, but my understanding is that A proton is a structure of Two Up quarks (uu) and a Down quark (d) and a positron, or anti-electron. an antiproton has the same mass as a proton, and instead is made of two U-Bar Antiquarks and one D-bar antiquark, and an electron. I am not sure if this is completely correct, but if a proton and a antiproton, sometimes called a negiton, are combined they will Annihilate each other, creating a burst of energy. Quantum physics is a wierd science, so I could be very wrong indeed.

The third energy level, or third shell, of an atom can hold up to 18 electrons. This level consists of 3 subshells: s, p, and d. The s subshell can hold a maximum of 2 electrons, the p subshell can hold up to 6 electrons, and the d subshell can hold up to 10 electrons.

The electron configuration of neutral arsenic (As) is [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p3. Since As3- has gained three extra electrons, the electron configuration becomes [Ar] 4s2 3d10 4p6, as the additional electrons fill the 4p subshell.

Anions have more electrons than protons. Anions are negatively charged ions, which means they have gained one or more electrons compared to the number of protons present in their nucleus. This electron gain gives them a net negative charge.

Proton has 1 unit of positive charge.
Electron has 1 unit of negative charge.
NEUTRon has no charge. It's NEUTRal.

Two protons: . . . . . . . . . . Two charges, same size, both positive.

1 proton + 1 electron: . . . Two charges, same size, opposite signs.

Two electrons: . . . . . . . . . Two charges, same size, both negative.

1 proton + 1 NEUTRon : . . One positive charge, the other one NEUTRal.

Hz is a unit of frequency and is equivalent to cycles per second.

The election-volt, or eV, is a unit of energy and represents the

increase in energy of an electron after accelerating through a

potential difference of 1 Volt.

The energy of a photon with frequency f is given by the Planck

formula E = hf, where h is Planck's constant. In terms of eV and Hz,

the units of h are eV/Hz, or more commonly eV-secs. The value

of h in these units about 4.1357e-15.

Hence, a photon with a frequency of 1 GHz will have an energy of

4.1357e-15*1e9, or about 4.1357e-6 eV. This energy is millions of

times smaller than the energy needed to break covalent bonds.

Dysprosium has atomic number 66 so would normally have 66 electrons.

Neutron sources use radium because it emits alpha particles, which can interact with beryllium to produce neutrons through the (alpha, n) reaction. This process allows for a reliable and efficient way to generate neutrons for various applications, such as scientific research, industrial testing, and medical diagnostics.

The mass of a proton is approximately 1.67 x 10^-27 kilograms.

Argon has 8 valence electrons (electrons in the outer shell)

To find the number of neutrons in an atom you would subtract the protons from the atomic mass. The number of protons is equal to the atomic number.

When dealing with an element with no net charge, the atomic number = the number of protons and also the number of electrons. The atomic mass - the atomic number (number of protons and electrons) = the number of neutrons

Elements in the Beryllium family have 2 electrons in their electron dot diagrams.

The electron configuration of nitrogen (N) is 1s2 2s2 2p3. Therefore, nitrogen has 7 electrons.

Three particle accelerators in the US are the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN in Switzerland (shared by many countries including the US), Fermilab's Tevatron in Illinois, and the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center (SLAC) in California.

Hey, it's Song_Writer_Girl13 here!

Protons have a +1 (postive) charge and a mass of 1

Neutrons have no electric charge and have a mass of 1

Electrions have a -1 (negative) charge and have a mass of about 0 (there actual mass is so small we just say it's about 0)

Therefore, electrons have the greatest mass of the three subatomic particles.

Hope I helped!

Subatomic particles are extremely small, with sizes on the order of femtometers (10^-15 meters) for protons and neutrons, and even smaller for electrons. This makes them many orders of magnitude smaller than atoms and molecules.

Species that are related by a difference in protons typically refer to different isotopes of the same element. Isotopes have the same number of protons but differ in the number of neutrons they contain. This difference in neutron number affects the atomic mass of the element.

Electrons are passed along a series of protein complexes embedded in the inner mitochondrial membrane. As electrons move through the complexes, protons are pumped across the membrane creating an electrochemical gradient. Ultimately, the electrons are accepted by oxygen to form water.

The equation for nitrite is NO2-. To find the valence electrons of each atom, count how many groups from the left of the periodic table (skipping over the d-block, which is shown in this picture in the related link. So Nitrogen has 5, and each oxygen has 6. The negative sign means that the polyatomic ion has one extra electron, so 1 more. 5+(6*2)+1=18 total valence electrons.