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Platypuses

One of Australia's most unique and unusual native animals, the platypus is an egg-laying mammal which lives on land and hunts for food in the freshwater creeks and rivers of eastern Australia. Once incorrectly thought to be the most primitive mammal, it is now regarded as a superb example of adaptation. Questions and answers about platypuses can be found here.

996 Questions

What type of plants do platypus eat?

As platypuses are found in a range of habitats, from rainforest to wet sclerophyll to dry sclerophyll forest, the type of plant varies hugely. There may be ferns, grass trees, eucalyptus (gum) trees, acacia (wattle), callistemon (bottle brush), melaleuca and other native Australian bush plants or almost any other plant found in eastern Australia. Platypuses live alongside creeks and rivers that may lie amid bushland, or in rainforests, so it depends on the type of plant unique to that area. Common grasses and reeds may be found around the creeks where they live.

Various algae grow in the creeks and rivers, but being freshwater, there is no seaweed, of course. Other water plants include water lilies.

Does a platypus growl?

No. Echidnas do not attack anything. They use their sharp-clawed feet to dig into termite and ant nests in order to reach the insects, but they certainly do not attack people.

Is platypus an omnivore?

No, the platypus is completely carnivorous. It does not eat plant matter at all, but feeds on annelid worms, tiny shrimp and annelid worms that live at the bottom of freshwater creeks and rivers. It does not eat vegetation.

Is the platypus the only animal to lay eggs?

No. Platypuses and echidnaslay eggs. They are members of the order Monotremata, so they are known as monotremes. There is just one species of platypus and two species of echidnas: the short-beaked echidna of Australia and the long-beaked echidna of New Guinea. There are three sub-species of the long-beaked echidna.

What other animals are related to the platypus?

The platypus is quite unique and is not closely related to any other animal. It belongs to the order monotremata, as does the echidna (sometimes known as the spiny anteater), which is its only living relative. These animals are known as monotremes.

Platypuses and echidnas are the only two kinds of mammals in the world that lay eggs.

Is a platypus a ruminant?

No. Koalas are not ruminants. Ruminants have stomachs with four chambers; a koala's stomach has just one chamber.

Are platypuses on a breeding programme?

No. Only two platypuses have ever been known to be bred whilst in captivity.

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What conditions does a platypus need in order to survive?

Platypuses are found in a variety of temperatures and climates, from the cooler sub-alpine areas in the south, such as Victoria and the Tasmanian highlands, north through New South Wales to tropical far north Queensland. They can survive extremes of heat that occur in Victorian summers as well as the cold winters. Platypuses live in bushland as well as tropical, sub-tropical and temperate rainforests.

How do spiny anteaters and duck billed platypuses reproduce?

Platypuses and spiny anteaters, more correctly known as echidnas, are monotremes, or egg-laying mammals. They both reproduce via sexual reproduction.

Platypuses lay eggs in a chamber at the end of a burrow dug into a riverbank or next to a creek. The eggs hatch into young platypuses after about ten days. The babies initially feed off mothers' milk, drinking from grooves on the mother's abdomen where it seeps from glands, rather than attaching to teats.

For echidnas, after mating, there is a gestation period for the egg of 23 days. During breeding season, the female develops a rudimentary pouch which is really just a flap of skin. When it comes time to lay her egg, she curls tightly into a ball and lays it directly in this pouch, where it is incubated for around 10 days. The young emerge blind and hairless, and stay in the pouch, suckling for two to three months.

Echidnas are terrestrial animals which move by walking on four legs. The platypus also has four legs. When on land, it walks. When in water, it swims. Its feet have retractable webbing between the toes.

Adult platypuses do not have teeth, so they "chew" their food by grinding it between horny plates on their upper and lower jaws. Echidnas eat by using their long, sticky tongues to capture termites and ants. This is why they are sometimes called "spiny anteaters".

When does a platypus swim in water?

The platypus swims often as it must hunt its food in the water, only returning to land to shelter in a burrow dug in the riverbank or creek bank. Platypuses make hundreds of dives in a single feeding session, and it must find enough food to make up its own body weight each day.

What do platypus offspring do?

A newly hatched platypus is completely helpless. All it can do is drink the milk that oozes from glands on its mother's abdomen.

How long does the platypus protext its babys?

A baby platypus nurses from its mother for three to four months. After that, it stays with its mother until it is around a year old, learning to hunt for itself. Although platypuses are solitary animals, the mother and babies do form a small family group for up to a year.

How many different kinds of platypuses are there?

There is just one species of platypus, Ornithorhynchus Anatinus. It is found only in Australia, and is the same species, whether it lives in the sub-alpine regions of the south, or in the tropical northern freshwater creeks. Platypuses are one of three species of monotremes, mammals that lay eggs.

How long has the platypus been threatened to be extinct?

The platypus is not listed as endangered. Platypus do not yet even qualify as threatened, although they are unofficially "vulnerable". Although very delicate creatures, sensitive to ecological changes, pollution and habitat loss, their distribution is still much the same as it was prior to European settlement, apart from in South Australia where they were wiped out last century (like many native species), being hunted for their fur. The platypus is now a completely protected species.

Does a shark eat a platypus?

It depends how big the platypus and shark are, and it also depends if they were provoked or not.

How does the duck billed platypus feed their young?

Baby platypuses feed on mothers' milk, but the mother does not have teats. Instead, she secretes her milk through glands on her underside, and the young platypus feeds on that.

What is the platypus's behavior like?

The platypus is a very shy and elusive creature, hiding during the day, and doing most of its searching for food in the evening and at night. A platypus may make up to 100 dives a day searching for food, staying underwater for one to two minutes at a time.

Platypuses shelter in burrows they dig in riverbanks, using their sharp claws which have retractable webbing.

Males platypuses can defend themselves with a sharp spur on their hind ankle which delivers strong venom.

Were platypuses introduced to Australia?

The platypus is completely native to Australia alone, and not found anywhere else. It has not been introduced to any other country.

It is a monotreme, and unique to Australia.

Is the platypus the only poisonous marsupial?

No, because the platypus is not a marsupial. A platypus is a monotreme (egg-laying mammal).

It is not the only venomous mammal. "Venomous" is the correct term, rather than "poisonous", as things which are poisonous must be ingested, i.e. eaten or drunk. Other venomous marsupials include the Cuban solenodon, Eurasian Water Shrew, Northern Short-tailed Shrew and Southern Short-tailed Shrew, just to name a few.

How long does a platypus sleep for?

The platypus is nocturnal, so its days are spent curled up in its burrow, which is dug above the waterline in creek banks and riverbanks.

At night, it spends much of its time swimming and diving for food in freshwater creeks, rivers and lakes of eastern Australia.

Is a platypus an aquatic or terrestrial animal?

The platypus is semi-aquatic.

Although it spends much of its time diving and swimming for food, it actually lives on land. It has webbed feet with a retracting webbed membrane which can expose the claws, enabling the platypus to effectively dig burrows. Its claws are used for digging burrows into riverbanks for shelter, and the webbing membrane retracts for that purpose, but spreads between its toes when it needs to swim - which it needs to do to get its food.

Do platypuses have a placenta?

Male lizards have two reproductive organs, called hemipenes. Only one at a time is used during mating. The male simply mounts the female, often grabbing her by the neck or side, and inserts one into her cloaca, then they remained locked together for a while. It is a much less active affair than what is seen in mammals or birds.

Some species lay leathery or hard-shelled eggs, while others give live birth.

Can you remove the spurs from a platypus?

Male platypuses have a hollow spur behind each of their rear ankles through which they can deliver a venom powerful enough to kill a dog or cause agonising pain to humans.

Female platypuses have spurs, but they fall off before the female reaches twelve months of age.

How does the platypus recreate?

Platypuses reproduce via sexual reproduction.

Platypuses reproduce by laying eggs, which hatch into young platypuses that initially feed off mothers' milk. The platypus is a monotreme, or egg-laying mammal, just like the echidna, and quite unique to Australia. Platypuses lay eggs in a chamber at the end of a burrow dug into a riverbank or next to a creek.

Their young, once hatched, drink milk from grooves on the mother's abdomen where it seeps from glands, rather than attaching to teats.

How is a platypus's bill different from the duck's bill?

The platypus is a real animal. It is a unique, egg-laying mammal (monotreme) of Australia. It is not known as a "duck-billed platypus" in Australia, but just by the name platypus. Its bill is actually nothing like that of a duck.