Protozoa

Volvox is one of the best-known chlorophytes and is the most developed in a series of genera that form spherical colonies. Each Volvox is composed of numerous flagellate cells similar to Chlamydomonas, on the order of 1000-3000 in total, interconnected and arranged in a glycoprotein-filled sphere (coenobium). The cells swim in a coordinated fashion, with a distinct anterior and posterior - or since Volvox resembles a little planet, a 'north' pole and a 'south' pole. The cells have eyespots, more developed near the anterior, which enable the colony to swim towards light. An asexual colony includes both somatic, or vegetative, cells, which do not reproduce, and gonidia near the posterior, which produces new colonies through repeated division. These daughter colonies are initially held within the parent and have their flagella directed inwards. Later, the parent disintegrates and the daughters invert. In sexual reproduction two types of gametes are produced. Volvox species can be monoecious or dioecious. Male colonies release numerous microgametes, or sperm, while in female colonies single cells enlarge to become oogametes, or eggs. Volvox is found in ponds and ditches, and even in shallow puddles. According to Chamberlain (1932), : The most favorable place to look for it is in the deeper ponds, lagoons, and ditches which receive an abundance of rain water. It has been said that where you find Lemna, you are likely to find Volvox; and it is true that such water is favorable, but the shading is unfavorable. Look where you find Sphagnum, Vaucheria, Alisma, Equisetum fluviatile, Utricularia, Typha, and Chara. Dr. Nieuwland reports that Pandorina, Eudorina and Goniumare commonly found in summer as constituents of the green scum on wallows in fields where pigs are kept. The flagellate, Euglena, is often associated with these forms. If you have a culture in the laboratory, do not throw it out when the culture disappears, because new coenobia are likely to develop from the oospores. The individual algae are connected by thin strands of cytoplasm, called protoplasmates.

Plasmodium is a unicellular parasite that causes malaria in humans. It goes through multiple stages of its life cycle in both the mosquito vector and human host, but at its core, it is a single-celled organism.

The organism called Volvox forms spherical colonies made up of many individual cells called zooids. These colonies can range in size from a few hundred to thousands of cells and are held together by a gelatinous matrix. Each zooid has two flagella that help the colony move through the water.

The enemies of Euglena, a single-celled organism, include predators such as small aquatic animals like rotifers and ciliates. These organisms feed on Euglena by engulfing them or breaking them down for nutrients. Additionally, certain bacterias and viruses can also pose a threat, impacting the health and reproductive abilities of Euglena.

Amoebas are single-celled organisms with a flexible cell membrane that allows them to change shape. They move by extending and retracting pseudopods, or "false feet." Amoebas are found in various aquatic environments and feed on bacteria and other small organisms.

The contractile vacuole in a paramecium excretes excess freshwater in the organism. It does this continually because water is constantly diffusing into their cytoplasm. This occurs because freshwater paramecium live in a hypotonic environment.

The common name for Amoeba proteus is simply "Amoeba."

An euglena has a flagellum; a volvox does not. A volvox has a gonidium; an euglena doesn't. An euglena has a stigma; a volvoxdoes not.a volvox has a lot of characteristics an euglena does not, and an euglena has a lot of characteristics a volvox does not. Unfortuneatly, I do not know the rest of the other unique characteristics that a volvox, or an euglena has that are different from each other. You must go to google to find the rest. Or bing, or ask.com.

The parameceum can reproduce asexually and sexuallly while the other can only do it asexually. they have diifferent structures and the euglena has a flagellum while the paramecium has cilia and they eat differently. The paremecium uses the cilia to get a water current going and the food gets sucked in, and the euglena uses photosynethesis by using its stigma to indicate areas of light and if not then it will just get food like the other.

Invertebrate, It is a single-celled organism

Euglanas have chloroplasts, to absorb sunlight. If sunlight is not available, it can absorb nutrients from decayed organic material.

As with any organism there may be small differences between individuals. In any situation some individuals will be more likely to survive, and these will be the ones who reproduce and the population gradually becomes more like those individuals.

Excytosis is when a cell "throws up" something. So if the amoeba has endocytosed something and digested it the next step would be to get rid of the waste parts by causing the vesscle (think of a balloon full of the waste) to dock with the cell membrane and eject the waste into the environment

it obtains food , which is that when a high consideration moves to a smaller consideration
an amoeba gets food thorugh pseudopods, which form when cytoplams flows toward one location and the rest of the amoeba follows.
amoeba obtains food by osmosis, which is that when a high consideration moves to a smaller consideration.

Any of a large group of single-celled, usually microscopic, eukaryotic organisms, such as amoebas, ciliates, flagellates, and sporozoans.
A protozoa is a single-celled parasitic organism, that only divides within a host organism.

Protozoan Cyst is a defense mechanism in the Protozoan family. It takes this form according to the conditions of the host. A change in pH, a change in oxygen supplies, anything that trigers the genetic mechanism. The cyst is evacuated trough the sediment.

You could say that Cyst are a defense mechanism. It can last days in the outside and the final intention is to get into another host.

This is not a infectious form of Protozoan, but it is a transmition form.

Protozoa are preyed upon by a variety of organisms, including other protozoa, microscopic animals like rotifers and nematodes, as well as larger organisms such as fish, invertebrates, and some species of bacteria and fungi. Additionally, certain protists, like amoebas and ciliates, feed on other protozoa.

Amoebas play a crucial role in various ecosystems as decomposers, breaking down organic matter. Some species of amoebas are also used in scientific research to study cell structure, movement, and behavior. In medicine, certain types of amoebas can cause diseases such as dysentery in humans.

Volvox breathe through diffusion, where gases like oxygen move in and carbon dioxide moves out through the surface of their cells. Volvox is a type of green algae that forms a spherical colony composed of thousands of individual cells. It is unique in that it exhibits both individual and collective behaviors, with specialized cells for reproduction and movement within the colony.

Paramecium belongs to the group known as ciliates, which are characterized by hair-like structures called cilia used for movement and feeding. They are single-celled organisms found in freshwater environments and are an important part of the aquatic ecosystem.

(1)Spirogyrs occurs in freshwater bodies such as ditches,ponds,lakes etc.It is commonly called water silk or pond scum because of slippery touch touch of its thread like filaments.

(2)It is multicellular filamentous green alga covered by a mucilagenous sheath.

(3)Each filament is unbranched and consists of cylindrical cells placed end to end.

(4)The cell wall is two layered and is made up of cellulose and pectin.

(5)Cytoplasm lies in the periphery of cell enclosing a vacuole in the centre.

(6)One or more ribbon shaped spirally arranged chloroplasts are present in the cytoplasm.Each chloroplast bears pyrenoids.

(7)single nucleus is stranded in the centre of the vacoule by cytoplasmic strands.

Amoebas adapt to their surroundings through a process called phagocytosis, where they engulf food particles and other materials. They can change their shape in response to environmental cues, allowing them to move and navigate their surroundings efficiently. Additionally, amoebas can form protective cysts in unfavorable conditions to survive and then emerge when conditions improve.

Protozoa are a diverse group of single-celled organisms with eukaryotic cells. They typically move using flagella, cilia, or pseudopods and are found in various habitats, including freshwater, marine environments, and soil. They can be free-living or parasitic and play important roles in nutrient cycling and food webs.

Cause of Protozoa- parasitic infections in humans are usually in the size range of 1-100 micrometres (millionths of a metre) and have two stages in life cycle.

*Infection is usually spread by structures called cysts which are cells that have secreted a protective layer around them so that they can survive the journey from one host to the next. Once inside the new host, these cysts develop into the active protozoa which grows, reproduces and causes symptoms of disease in the new host.

*Common infections caused in humans are amoebic dysentery, sleeping sickness and malaria.

*Protozoa can infect any human tissue, and are the cause of a variety of diseases.