Shabbat

Look it up on the internet under Shabbat.

They welcome the Sabbath and celebrate Passover.

Preparations such as showering, cooking, and setting up the candles.

After Friday night services and on Shabbat morning after services, we come home, often with guests, make kiddush (blessing over wine) and a blessing over two loaves of bread, and have a leisurely multi-course Shabbat meal including singing and words of Torah. Customarily, that week's Torah-reading (parsha) will be a topic of conversation; and the children of the family will have a chance to speak of what they've learned in school.

Eating the traditional Shabbat meals is a mitzva (a Torah-precept), to which the sages of the Talmud (Shabbat 117b) found an allusion in the Torah (Exodus 16:25).

It's mostly Orthodox Jews.

this day is supposed to be a day of rest to stop from work. Jews are supposed to stop on the Sabbath and realize that G-D created this world.

by Yoni Frieling

There is a vast number of individual things which cannot or can be done, but the main restrictions fall into 39 categories, including planting, baking, trapping animals, and writing. Other Rabbinic restrictions include the moving of objects which cannot be used on the Sabbath. Ask an Orthodox Rabbi for more information and specific questions. Sabbath restrictions only apply to Jews. ====================================================== With Pnina's and the category supervisor's permission, there's an important note on this subject that really needs to be spotlighted here, before this answer is developed in more detail: We need to look a little closer at the whole notion that the primary distinguishing characteristic of the Jewish Sabbath is 'restriction', and that practicing Jews are required to adopt hardship and deprivation regularly, in submission to some kind of Judaic weekly martyrdom. When you really get into it ... in a depth that you only experience from living it, which is too complex to describe adequately for a non-Jewish audience in this or any similar popular forum ... the concept begins to emerge that the Sabbath is a very active day, filled with a broad range of recommended pursuits that focus on the spiritual, familial, intellectual, introspective and contemplative; that these leave little time or opportunity for the simultaneous pursuit of weekday activities, and that weekday activities in any case are inconsistent with the most fulfilling Sabbath environment and can't successfully coexist with it. In the end, for those who choose the emotional, psychological, and spiritual benefits available in the realization of a full Sabbath experience, it's clear that certain pursuits enhance the experience, while others interfere and dilute it. The Sabbath is different in every way, whether or not the Jew chooses to experience it in his own life. If he does so choose, then it makes sense that his own life has to be somewhat different on that day in order to experience it. That's all I wanted to say. ======================================================

Yes; and the Hanukkah candles are lit earlier than usual for that reason.

Even those who don't have to cook for Shabbat, still need to do Eruv Tavshilin in order to light Shabbat candles (from an existing flame.)

Source: http://halocho.blogspot.com/2009/04/halocho-304-rare-mitzvah-eruv-tavshilin.html

If you have no need to do any Melacha for Shabbat at all, then you do not need to make Eruv Tavshilin - and if you still want to, you may not make a Bracha.

Source: My Rabbi

Yes, in the morning or afternoon.

Yes.

no

No. Orthodox Jews will not smoke on Shabbat ... even those who are habitual

smokers otherwise.

An anecdote concerning a famous European rabbi who hid deep in a cave for

several months as Nazism fell over Germany, but whose name escapes me,

says that he told how he could keep track of the passing days and weeks back

in the cave where no daylight penetrated ... because his desire for cigarettes

faded when it was Shabbat.

Completely aside from the issue of poisoning and polluting your body that was

created in God's image, the act of smoking involves several additional actions

that are prohibited in the Torah on Shabbat.

A few of them include igniting a fire (Exodus ch.35), transferring the fire from an object that's

already burning to one that isn't, and 'muktsa' (handling objects that you routinely

handle on weekdays, and in the same way that you handle them on weekdays).

These principles are well known to most Orthodox smokers, and they take them

seriously.

Sabbath is the resting day in a week. Judaism holds Sabbath on Saturday. They don't do anything on that day. Christianity changed Sabbath to Sunday to remember Jesus' resurrection, and that's why they have church services on Sunday.

Orthodox Jews will answer phones pretty much as soon as Shabbat is over. They might wait until they're outside of shul (synagogue) before doing so if it's their cell phone though.

Orthodox Jews are not allowed to travel, so they'll have to ask someone to help them.

A few of the means by which the Sabbath is kept holy:

-- Refrain from involvement in matters concerning business, politics, the routines of making a living and getting through daily life;

-- Refrain from handling the most familiar objects associated with business and daily life ... tools, money, computer, hobby equipment etc.

-- Refrain from activities that demonstrate Man's control over nature ... making fire, operating machinery, using electricity/telephone, driving the car etc.

Technically, there are 39 categories of activity that are to be avoided on the Sabbath. This is a subject for in-depth Jewish study. The Sabbath is a good time to engage in such study.

-- Read, study, reflect on the Torah, Tanakh, the commentaries, or any publication concerning topics of spirituality or Jewish Law.

-- Share the Sabbath experience with one's family.

There is no prohibition against eating kosher meat during Shabbat. The reverse is true; it's expected that meat be eaten during the two main Shabbat meals.

On Passover, Jews cannot eat leavened bread (whereas they can at other times of the year). Shabbat does not mirror this. The same kosher rules for the rest of the week apply on Shabbat. Jews cannot eat pork on any day of the week and conversely, Jews can eat tuna or kosher meat on any day of the week.

Torah-observant Jews don't play any outdoor sports on the Sabbath.

According to the Torah (Jewish Bible), tefillin should be worn as a sign or reminder that God brought the Jewish people out of slavery in Egypt. Since Shabbat is a day of rest, it serves to remind us of this in its own right; therefore the laying of tefillin is unnecessary. The same applies during Pesach (Passover), Sukkot, Shavuot, Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kippur.

Some rabbis, rishonim (rabbis living between the 11th and 15th centuries) and poskim (legal scholars) argue that tefillin should also not be worn during the Hol HaMoed, the weekdays of Pesach and Sukkot, while others say that they should be worn (with the result that most Ashkenazic Jews - those originating from Northern Europe - and Yemenite Jews do with the exception of some Chassidim such as Chabad, whereas most Sephardic Jews - those from Spain, Portugal and Northern Africa - do not).

Any Christian, Jewish, or Muslim religion is suppose to practice the Sabbath even if not all of its memebers do.

All Sabbath-observers keep the Sabbath holy; and Hassidim are among them.

In synagogues.

They're called Shabbat candles (in English); neirot Shabbat (in Hebrew); or Shabbes Licht (in Yiddish).