Thunderstorms and Lightning

The charge separation in clouds is caused by the collision of water droplets and ice particles within the cloud. During these collisions, positively charged particles (often ice crystals) tend to accumulate at the top of the cloud, while negatively charged particles (usually water droplets) accumulate at the bottom, creating an electric field between them.

The person who stated that storms move from place to place was George Hadley, an English lawyer and amateur meteorologist. Hadley's work in the 18th century led to the development of Hadley cells, which explain the global patterns of atmospheric circulation that drive weather and climate systems.

The clouds that usually produces precipitation are called cumulus, cumulonimbus and nimbostratus clouds. These clouds are in the lowest level of the atmosphere.

A person hiking would be at a higher risk of getting shocked by lightning compared to a person watching TV indoors. This is because being outdoors during a storm increases exposure to lightning strikes, especially if the hike is in an open area with few shelter options.

No, lightning does not require oxygen to exist because it is an electrical discharge that occurs in the atmosphere. Lightning is the result of an imbalance of electrical charges in the atmosphere and is not dependent on the presence of oxygen.

It depends, a barometer can measure many different types of air pressure and there are different kinds of air pressure. your best bet would be to identify what type of barometer you have and simply read a dial. If you don't have a barometer and would just like to know what the maximum registered amount for high pressure is then you should consult you weather records centre. These following records i believe are the most up to date: 1085.6 mb in Mongolia. The lowest recorded air pressure is 850 mbar in Manchester, South Dakota. In theory a barometer can record any amount of air pressure depending on its size. The larger the barometer, the greater range of measurement of air pressure. Currently the worlds largest Barometer resides in the Denmark Visitor Centre. You can find more about this Barometer at: http://www.bertbolle.com/

cumulonimbus clouds

In that event a tornado waring would be issued for your area. Weather experts would tell you to get underground or to some other safe location.

If you were to read the warning, it would say about where the tornado is, when it was spotted, the direction it's moving and how fast. Sometimes the warning may list places in the potential path.

See the link below for an example of a tornado warning with a tornado that has been spotted. The tornado did go on to hit Roseboro, a town mentioned to be in the path.

The row of thunderheads that builds up in front of advancing cold air is called a squall line. This line of strong thunderstorms typically forms along a cold front as warm moist air is lifted rapidly by the advancing cooler air. Squall lines can produce severe weather such as strong winds, heavy rain, and hail.

A stationary front often produces hours of moderate-to-light precipitation over a large area. This is because the boundary between the warm and cold air masses remains nearly stationary, allowing for a prolonged period of precipitation to develop.

No, lightning is seen before thunder is heard. The speed of light is faster than the speed of sound, so light from the lightning reaches us first, followed by the sound of thunder a few seconds later.

The loudness of a sound is the same thing as the overall amplitude of a sound.

When measuring sound, in general, you have pitch (frequency) and tone (amplitude, the measure of loudness).

So, if you increase the amplitude of a sound wave pattern, you increase the overall intensity of the sound (the energy), and that can be measured on the logarithmic scale of decibels, since an unconstrained, undirected sound wave carries its energy outward in all directions, in an increasing volume of air (or other medium).

It really depends on the thunder. A tremor or volcanic eruption can sound like distant thunder. The thunder of a close by lightning strike can sound like a bomb or grenade.

Man-made lightning can be created by using a device called a Tesla coil, which generates high-voltage, high-frequency electrical currents that produce visible arcs of electricity. The Tesla coil works by charging a primary capacitor, discharging it through a primary coil to create a magnetic field, and then rapidly interrupting the current to induce high-voltage bursts. These bursts can produce lightning-like arcs between the coil and a nearby grounded object.

you can work this out reasonably accurately and we used to so this for senior school physics. The earth has a finite defined capacity, and charge.

Taking into account the average voltage in a lightning strike, it gives an answer of approximately two thousand thunderstorms occurring at any one time, somewhere in the world. Sounds amazing, but the world is big!

Any process that causes separation of positive and negative charges in the atmosphere can cause lightning. Lightning occurring during thunderstorms is thought to be the result of vertical motions causing charge separation. Ice particles typically will hold a positive charge in the upper part of the cloud, while liquid water will hold a negative charge in the lower part of a cumulonimbus cloud. When charge difference gets too great lightning results. This is an oversimplification as there are other more complex processes that occur with severe rotating thunderstorms. To top it of cloud to ground lightning can be either a positive stroke or a negative. Still some mysteries there. I'll stop here so as to not cause any friction.

Lightning flashing across the sky is a physical reaction because it involves the discharge of built-up electrical energy between clouds or between a cloud and the ground. This discharge creates a visible flash of light and heat as the electricity moves through the air.

Electrons move from areas of negative charge to areas of positive charge and produce an intense spark. Some lighting reaches Earth because negative charges at the bottom of storm clouds may cause the surface of Earth to become positively charged by induction.

These are very different things. Oregon tends to get sleet, which comes in the winter where the temperature is near freezing. Hail can occur, and usually in summer, but it doesn't occur too often because thunderstorms aren't too common, at least on the west side of the mountains.

Light travels faster than sound, so you see lightning before you hear the thunder. The lightning flash reaches your eyes almost instantly, while the sound of thunder takes longer to reach your ears because it travels at a slower speed.

Opposite electrical charges inside storm clouds separate, causing lightning to flash towards Earth. Lightning has enough energy to heat the air all around it. This sudden burst of heat is what causes the noise we know as thunder.

-- distant thunder
-- bass drum
-- tuba
-- string bass
-- chemical explosion
-- cannon shot
-- bowling ball falling on a carpeted floor
-- punching a wall
-- 60 cycle hum in a tube-type stereo amplifier
-- any piano note more than 1 octave below middle-C
Thunder, an electric bass guitar with the amp and guitar at top volume, a fortissimo hit on a bass drum, a fortissimo breath on a tuba, and thats all i can think of on the top of my head. Hope its helpful. :)
Any sound of a lower frequency than something you consider "normal".

The staff used for higher pitches is called a soprano clef or treble clef. It is often used for instruments with higher ranges such as the violin, flute, and voice.

A cold front colliding with a warm front can create severe thunderstorms and tornadoes. The cold, dense air pushes up the warm, moist air, leading to strong thunderstorms and the potential for tornado formation.

No, lightning is a natural phenomenon caused by electrical discharge in the atmosphere and doesn't possess knowledge or consciousness. It is a result of the build-up and release of electrical energy in the atmosphere during thunderstorms.