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Jharkhand
State (pop., 2008 est.: 30,010,000), northeastern India. It is bordered by Bihar, West Bengal, Orissa, Chhattisgarh, and Uttar Pradesh states and occupies 28,833 sq mi (74,677 sq km); its capital is Ranchi. The state lies mainly on the Chota Nagpur plateau, a series of plateaus, hills, and valleys. Many aboriginal peoples live there. The area now constituting Jharkhand was a part of Bihar state after Indian independence in 1947 until it was made into a separate state in 2000. It is rich in minerals (notably copper), although much of the population is engaged in agriculture.

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